13 - Viruses (for more details on pathogens see Ch 24 & 25)
Dec 21, 2015
Some Virus Resources on the Web:
http://www.virology.net/garryfavweb.html
International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses http://www.ictvdb.org/
Viral origins: http://www.mcb.uct.ac.za/tutorial/virorig.html
Nucleic Acid: DNA or RNA?
If RNA, which kind?
Retroviridae only
From: Clinical Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple
Phage plaques on bacterial lawn
(regular spacing is due to type of test & careful placement of samples)
Phage culture
Parvoviridae
adenovirus
Erythrovirus B19
Fifth disease = erythema infectiosum = slapped-cheek disease
(also: Parvovirus)
Papillomaviridae
plantar
genital
Polyomaviridae
Polyomavirus
JC = JCPyV -> causes
progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
(formerly together in Papovaviridae)
Orthopoxvirus variola virus (VARV) vaccinia virus (VACV) cowpox virus (CPXV) camelpox virus (CMLV
Poxviridae
envelope
E. Jenner
Lymphocryptovirus (HHV4) = Epstein-Barr virus
Normal retina
Cytomegalovirus (HHV5 = CMV)
“mono”
with CMV
Picornaviridae
Enterovirus
Human poliovirus -> polio
“iron lungs” when respiratory muscles paralyzed
Alphavirus:
Western equine encephalitis (WEE)
EEE
Venezuelan EE (VEE)
Rubivirus
rubella = German measles
Togaviridae
Flaviviridae
Flavivirus spp.
Yellow Fever
Dengue (Bone-break) Fever
Japanese, St. Louis, Russian & West Nile encephalitis
SARS coronavirus-> Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome April 2003
Coronaviridae
Human coronavirus (HcoV)
Morbillivirus -> measles = rubeola
Rubulavirus -> mumps
Pneumovirus Human respiratory synctial virus (HRSV)
Paramyxoviridae
Paroxyovirus
BunyavirusHantavirus
Hantaan virus (HTNV) -> Korean hemorrhagic fever = hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
Sin Nombre virus (SNV; originally Muerto Canyon virus) -> hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
Bunyaviridae
Prions
cause transmissable spongiform encephalopathies
normal (PrP) protein prion
Examples ofanimal prion diseases: scrapie, BSE (mad cow), chronic wastinghuman prion diseases: Creutzfeldt-Jakob, kuru, (n)vCJD