12858174 IED Trigger Recognition Guide

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

IED TRIGGER

RECOGNITION

GUIDE

.

Unclassified//FOUO

2/13/04 Unclassified//FOUO

IED Trigger Recognition Guide

Table of Contents

Sheet # Title03340 Al Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer with Opto-Isolator05250 Al Qa’ida Interrupted IR Trigger05706 Al Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer06920 Iraqi Car Alarm R/CFS07863 Iraqi R/CFS Receiver with Ten Addressable Outputs10013 Al Qa’ida Digital Watch and Breakwire Trigger12989 Iraqi Fixed-Delay Timer14536 Iraqi Radiation Trigger16446 Al Qa’ida Fixed-Delay Timer18239 Iraqi Modified Travel Alarm Clock18356 Al Qa’ida Tone Detector for R/CFS23119 Al Qa’ida Concealed Light Trigger27155 Al Qa’ida Light/Breakwire Trigger30735 Al Qa’ida Alarm Clock Timer44297 Al Qa’ida Modified Car Alarm R/CFS Receiver49060 Al Qa’ida Dark Trigger54433 Iraqi Programmable Timer55493 Al Qa’ida Single DTMF Decoder for R/CFS57286 Iraqi Improvised Sea Mine59133 Al Qa’ida R/CFS Receiver in SEGA Game Cartridge62166 Al Qa’ida Two-DTMF Decoder for R/CFS64292 Al Qa’ida Jumper Select Delay Timer66202 Al Qa’ida Trigger Circuit70965 Al Qa’ida Breakwire Trigger71575 Iraqi Shaped Charge Timer75426 Iraqi ICOM-based Single-Tone R/CFS77398 Al Qa’ida Single Tone Encoder80251 Al Qa’ida Light Trigger

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

Sheet # Title84071 Al Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer on Perf Board88107 Al Qa’ida Light Trigger88717 Iraqi Fixed-Delay Timer with C-D Output91687 Al Qa’ida “Spider” R/CFS Receiver in Lamp Ballast93480 Iraqi Radio-Controlled Firing System

Unclassified//FOUO


IED Trigger Recognition Guide

Table of Contents

Al Qa’ida Devices

Sheet # Title03340 Al Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer with Opto-Isolator05250 Al Qa’ida Interrupted IR Trigger05706 Al Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer10013 Al Qa’ida Digital Watch and Breakwire Trigger16446 Al Qa’ida Fixed-Delay Timer18356 Al Qa’ida Tone Detector for R/CFS23119 Al Qa’ida Concealed Light Trigger27155 Al Qa’ida Light/Breakwire Trigger30735 Al Qa’ida Alarm Clock Timer44297 Al Qa’ida Modified Car Alarm R/CFS Receiver49060 Al Qa’ida Dark Trigger55493 Al Qa’ida Single DTMF Decoder for R/CFS59133 Al Qa’ida R/CFS Receiver in SEGA Game Cartridge62166 Al Qa’ida Two-DTMF Decoder for R/CFS64292 Al Qa’ida Jumper Select Delay Timer66202 Al Qa’ida Trigger Circuit70965 Al Qa’ida Breakwire Trigger77398 Al Qa’ida Single Tone Encoder80251 Al Qa’ida Light Trigger84071 Al Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer on Perf Board88107 Al Qa’ida Light Trigger91687 Al Qa’ida “Spider” R/CFS Receiver in Lamp Ballast

Unclassified//FOUO


Iraqi Devices

Sheet # Title06920 Iraqi Car Alarm R/CFS07863 Iraqi R/CFS Receiver with Ten Addressable Outputs12989 Iraqi Fixed-Delay Timer14536 Iraqi Radiation Trigger18239 Iraqi Modified Travel Alarm Clock54433 Iraqi Programmable Timer57286 Iraqi Improvised Sea Mine71575 Iraqi Shaped Charge Timer75426 Iraqi ICOM-based Single-Tone R/CFS88717 Iraqi Fixed-Delay Timer with C-D Output93480 Iraqi Radio-Controlled Firing System

Unclassified//FOUO


0334

0A

l Qa’

ida

Cas

io W

atch

Tim

er w

ith O

pto-

Isol

atorAl Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer

with Opto-Isolator

Recovered since mid-2002 in Afghanistanand Pakistan, this device uses an opto-iso-lator to interface with the Casio digitalwatch alarm and a safe-arm delay timer.This is a much safer circuit to use thanother versions of the Casio Watch Timer(Sheets 05706 & 84071).

• Time Delay: User programmable up to 23 hours,59 minutes in one minute increments.

• Power Source: Two standard 9-Volt batteries inparallel (9 Vdc) with no isolation.

• Anti-Tamper Features: None.

• Watch Type: Casio F-91W, but other digital alarmwatches could be utilized.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

0334

0A

l Qa’

ida

Cas

io W

atch

Tim

er w

ith O

pto-

Isol

ator

• Size: The blue plastic case measures 101 mm x67 mm x 39 mm (4.0“ x 2.6“ x 1.5“). The circuitboard measures 52 mm x 26 mm x 1.6 mm thick(2.0“ x 1.0“ x 0.063“ thick).

• Circuit Base: Type 4060 Oscillator/Divider IC forthe safe arm delay timer; Type 4N25 opto-isolatorfor the watch interface.

• Circuit Board Substrate: Brown single-sided withsilk screen legends.

• Variations: Concealed in electrical outlet boxeswith toggle or key switch.

Unclassified//FOUO


0525

0A

l Qa’

ida

Inte

rrup

ted

IR T

rigge

rAl Qa’ida Interrupted IR Trigger

This circuit, recovered in Afghanistan inearly 2002 requires modulated Infra-red (IR)to hold the output off. When the IR is inter-rupted, the output triggers. Construction issimilar to the Al Qa’ida Light/BreakwireTrigger (Sheet 27155).

• Trigger: Loss ofan infra-red (IR)beam with digitalmodulation in the40-60 kHz range.

• Safe-Arm Delay:Variable, but witha max imum o fon ly abou t tenseconds.

• Power Source:No power sourcewas recovered. As tandard 9-vo l tbattery would besuitable to oper-ate the circuit forabout one day.

• Size: The overall package measures 67 mm x20 mm x 21 mm thick (2.64” x 0.79” x 0.83” thick).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

0525

0A

l Qa’

ida

Inte

rrup

ted

IR T

rigge

r • Anti-Tamperfeatures: None.

• Concealment:None.

• PC Board Sub-strate: The trig-ger c i r cu i t i sassembled on1.6 mm (0.063”)

thick epoxy-fiber-g lass exper i -mente r boardw i th para l le lstrips of copperconductors overholes on 2.5 mm(0.100”) centers.

• Circuit Base:Sony IR receivermodule, modelSBX1610-52.

Note: This c i rcu i tcould be easily con-figured to trigger onthe presence of an IRsignal, rather thanthe loss of signal.

Unclassified//FOUO


0570

6A

l Qa’

ida

Cas

io W

atch

Tim

erAl Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer

Timers built using a Casio watch were firstseen in early 2000. The device detects thewatch alarm output to trigger the device.Several varieties of alarm detector circuitryhave been seen (Sheets 03340 & 84071)with this being the simplest. Time delaysup to 23:59 can be achieved.


• Power Source: Standard 9-Volt battery, con-nected through a slide switch on the side of thecase, is used to power the detector circuit and det-onator. The watch operates on its internal battery.


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

0570

6A

l Qa’

ida

Cas

io W

atch

Tim

er

• Watch Type: This device used a Casio F-91W, butother digital alarm watches could be utilized.

• Size: The plastic case containing the battery anddetector components measures 57 mm square x16 mm thick (2.25” square x 0.63” thick).

Unclassified//FOUO


0692

0Ira

qi C

ar A

larm

R/C

FSIraqi Car Alarm R/CFS

This modified commercial system consistsof three board in the receiver circuit andone in the key fob actuation transmitter.The system operates at about 434 MHzover very a short range.

• Concealment: Purse concealment was used.

• Safe Arm Delay: None.

• RF Frequency: 433.5 to 434.2 MHz.

• Control Code: Digital on/off keyed.

• Operating Range: 10 meters.


• Power Source: 12 Vdc.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

0692

0Ira

qi C

ar A

larm

R/C

FS

• Battery Life: The batteries shown will operate thereceiver for about 14 days.

• Size: RF receiver circuit board is 50 mm x 18 mmx 1.6 mm (2.0” x 0.70” x 0.063”); address decoderboard is 45 mm x 41 mm x 0.5 mm (1.8” x 1.6” x0.020”); ell-shaped relay board is 60 mm x 50 mmx 0.6 mm overall (2.4” x 2.0” x 0.024”)

Unclassified//FOUO


0786

3Ira

qi R

/CFS

Rec

eive

r with

Add

ress

able

Out

putsIraqi R/CFS Receiver

with Ten Addressable Outputs

Recovered in Iraq in mid-2003, This systemconsists of two assemblies, a model RX46receiver and a model M461 sequencer. Ituses a modified commercial pager as theRF receiver with additional circuits todecode the received non-standard DTMFcodes. The unit is capable of independentcontrol of ten outputs. All markings onboth assemblies are in English.

• Safe-Arm Delay: None.

• RF Frequency: 156.500 MHz with narrowbandFM modulation.

• Operating Range: No transmitter was recoveredwith the receiver system.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

0786

3Ira

qi R

/CFS

Rec

eive

r with

Add

ress

able

Out

puts • Command Signal: Single non-standard DTMF

tone pair for each of the ten outputs. Ten of sixteenpossible codes are used. The battery saver cyclein the receiver assembly requires the DTMF codeto be received for at least two seconds.


• Size: Each of the two cylindrical assemblies isabout 11 cm diameter by 6 cm thick (4.3” diameterx 2.4” thick). The system weighs about 900 grams(2 pounds.).

• Power Source: The receiver is powered at6.0 Vdc by an internal pack of four AA cells. Thesequencer is powered at 18.0 Vdc by two 9-Vdcbatteries wired in series. The 0.8-meter (31”) cablemust be connected between the two assembliesfor the system to operate.

• Battery Life: The system will operate for about500 hours, limited by the four AA cells in thereceiver assembly.

Unclassified//FOUO


1001

3A

l Qa’

ida

Dig

ital W

atch

/Bre

akw

ire T

rigge

rAl Qa’ida Digital Watchand Breakwire Trigger

This device was recovered in Afghanistanin 2002. It will trigger when the digitalwatch alarm functions or when the break-wire is opened. Construction techniques ofthis device are similar to a number of otherAl Qa’ida devices.

• Trigger: Alarm from a digital watch (red leads), orimmediately upon opening the breakwire (twistedblue leads).

• Concealment: None. Both sides of the circuit arecovered with hot-melt glue.

• Safe-Arm Delay: Variable, two minutes maximum.

• Anti-Tamper Features: The breakwire triggermechanism could be utilized with a lift switch.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

1001

3A

l Qa’

ida

Dig

ital W

atch

/Bre

akw

ire T

rigge

r • Power Source: Standard 9-Volt battery assumedto power the circuit. The watch is powered by itsinternal SR-41 silver oxide button cell.

• Size: The PC board measures 70 mm x 39 mm(2.8” x 1.5”).

• PC Board Substrate: Brown phenolic, 1.5 mm(0.060”) thick, with circuit traces on one side.There are no markings on the board.

• Digital Watch: The digital wrist watch providedwith the circuit is marked Asahi Sport AlarmChrono, model number M-686. The watch mea-sures 39 mm x 37 mm x 11 mm thick (1.54” x1.46” x 0.43” thick).

Unclassified//FOUO


1298

9Ira

qi F

ixed

-Del

ay T

imerIraqi Fixed-Delay Timer

At time of manufacture, this fixed-delaytimer can be set for delays of several min-utes to several hours. It was first seen in1988 and used extensively in the 1991 GulfWar. The timer circuit has been seen in anumber of different external packages.

• Time Delay: Minutes to a few days delay possible.Generally in the range of a few hours, fixed at timeof assembly.

• Power Source: Generally 9-Volt battery.

• Size: The circuit board measures 38 mm x 25 mmx 1.3 mm thick (1.5” x 1” x 0.05” thick).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

1298

9Ira

qi F

ixed

-Del

ay T

imer

• Anti-Tamper Features: None

• PC Board Substrate: Epoxy-fiberglass.

• Circuit Base: Type 4536 Oscillator/Divider IC.

• Concealments:None, plastic box,cylinder, etc.

Unclassified//FOUO


1453

6Ira

qi R

adia

tion

Trig

gerIraqi Radiation Trigger

Obtained in a Baghdad “terrorist trainingfacility” in early 2003, this circuit triggerswhen the radiation source is separatedfrom this device. The detector portion is acommercial radiation monitor. The metersignal is processed on an additional circuitboard. The green LED glows when radia-tion is present. When the radiation sourceis removed, the red LED glows instead andtriggers an SCR output to fire the detona-tor.


• Anti-Tamper Features: The design suggests useas an anti-tamper device on a radiation source.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

1453

6Ira

qi R

adia

tion

Trig

ger

• Radiation Detector: Monitor 4 from S.E. Interna-tional, Inc.

• Size: The commercial radiation monitor circuitboard measures 105 mm x 64 mm x 1.8 mm thick(4.1” x 2.5” x 0.07” thick). The added circuit boardmeasures 46 mm x 42 mm (1.8” x 1.7”).

• Variations: The added boards are electricallyequivalent but vary in physical layout. One unitused the LND 714 geiger tube, while another usedthe LND712, which is similar but larger.

• Power Source: 10 to 15 Vdc.

Unclassified//FOUO


1644

6A

l Qa’

ida

Fixe

d D

elay

Tim

erAl Qa’ida Fixed Delay Timer

These circuits were recovered in Afghani-stan in late 2002. They provide a fixed timedelay that can set at time of assembly overa broad range.

• Safe-Arm Delay: One minute (the counter is heldat zero during this time, so the safe-arm delay isadded to the timer delay).


• Size: The assembly measures 63.5 mm x 25 mmx 11 mm overall (2.5” x 1.0” x 0.4” overall).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

1644

6A

l Qa’

ida

Fixe

d D

elay

Tim

er • Time Delay: This circuit was set for a delay of27 hours 10 minutes. There are ten divider outputstages available from the IC, and a variable resis-tor in the oscillator, so a jumper can be moved toprovide delays between one minute and 29 hours.

• Cicuit Base: Type 4060 Oscillator/Divider IC.

• PC Board Substrate: The circuits were assem-bled on 1.6-mm (0.063”) thick brown phenolic Ver-oboard with patterns of holes and conductors. Thisis the same substrate used for single-tone detectorand DTM detector circuits (Sheets 18356 and55493).

• Power Source: The circuit will operate from 3-16Vdc. Separate power sources may be used for thetimer and the detonator. A standard 9-Volt batterywould operate the timer for delays of up to a week- far in excess of the maximum delay of thisdesign.

• Concealment: None.

Unclassified//FOUO


1823

9Ira

qi M

odifi

ed T

rave

l Ala

rm C

lockIraqi Modified Travel Alarm Clock

This modified alarm clock was obtained inIraq in 1991. The clock uses mechanicalcontact closure to sound the alarm. Themodification is simply to solder two blackwires across those contacts as shown.This applies battery power to the loadwhen the contacts close. The alarm on/offmechanism was immobilized in the ONposition.



• Delay Time: Mechanically set up to 11 hours.

• Host: Casio Alarm Quartz TQ-110 Travel Clock.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

1823

9Ira

qi M

odifi

ed T

rave

l Ala

rm C

lock • Power Source: A single AA battery powers the

clock and is switched across the load at the alarmset time.

• Size: The clock measures 60 mm square x 25 mmthick (2.4” square x 1.0” thick).

Unclassified//FOUO


1835

6A

lQa’

ida

Tone

Det

ecto

rAl Qa’ida Tone Detectorfor R/CFS

These tone detector circuits were recov-ered from a cache in Afghanistan in late2002. For use with an R/CFS, all detect asingle tone at about 2.2 kHz.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

1835

6A

lQa’

ida

Tone

Det

ecto

r • Tone Frequency: 2.2 kHz (corresponds to “9” instandard ZVEI code set). The tone must be trans-mitted for at least 80 ms.


• Safe-Arm Delay: Six minutes.

• Power Source: Best performance at 9 Vdc.

• Battery Life: 48 hrs. from standard 9-Volt battery.

• Size: Circuits are assembled on 63.5 mm-widebrown phenolic Veroboard with a pattern of holesand conductors. Production models use about a30 mm length of this 1.6 mm thick board (2.5” x1.2” x 0.063” thick).

• Variations: Some circuits were found assembledwith differentphys ica l lay-ou ts and onlarger pieces ofthe 63.5 mm-wide Vero-board.

Unclassified//FOUO


2311

9C

once

aled

Al Q

a’id

a Li

ght T

rigge

rConcealed Al Qa’ida Light Trigger

Light sensitive trigger circuits concealed influorescent starters and telephone wallblocks were recovered in Afghanistan in2003. The circuit is similar to light triggerson circuit boards or potted in epoxy (Sheet80251).

• Trigger: Low lightlevels.

• Safe Arm Delay: Inthe range o f 10-15minutes.

• Size: The circuit boardmeasures 25 mm x24 mm x 1.0 mm thick(1.0” x 0.95” x 0.04”thick).

• Anti-TamperFeatures: None.

• PowerSource :Generally astandard 9-Volt battery.Opera t ionf rom 3-20Vo l ts i spossible.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

2311

9C

once

aled

Al Q

a’id

a Li

ght T

rigge

r • Concealments: InstaLite fluorescent startermeasuring 37 mm diameter x 34 mm high (1.5”diameter x 1.0” high); single telephone wall jackmeasuring 57 mm x 50 mm x 21 mm high (2.2” x2.0” x 0.8” high); double telephone wall jackmeasuring 69 mm x 51 mm x 23 mm high (2.7” x2.0” x 0.9” high).

• Circuit Base:Type 4001Quad 2-InputNOR gate.

• PC BoardSubstra te :Sing le -c ladf ibe rg lassw i th g reensolder mask,markedTEEPU.

Unclassified//FOUO


2715

5A

l Qa’

ida

Ligh

t/Bre

akw

ire T

rigge

rAl Qa’ida Light/Breakwire Triggerwith Safe-Arm Delay

These circuits were recovered in Afghani-stan in early 2002. After the safe-arm delay,light will trigger the device. Two wires fromthe device must be shorted to preventimmediate detonation - opening thesewires, even while dark, will trigger thedevice. This short could take the form of abreakwire or switch, and could be intendedas a booby trap.

• Trigger: Variable sensitivity to light, or breakwire.

• Concealment: None. Both sides of the circuit arecovered with hot-melt glue.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

2715

5A

l Qa’

ida

Ligh

t/Bre

akw

ire T

rigge

r • Safe-Arm Delay: Variable, 45 seconds maximum.

• Size: The PC board measures 56 mm x 24 mm(2.20“ x 0.95“).

• Anti-Tamper Features: The breakwire triggermechanism could be utilized with a lift switch.

• Power Source: Standard 9-Volt battery assumed.

• PC Board Substrate: Phenolic “strip style” experi-menter board, 1.6 mm (0.063”) thick. The PCboard has an array of holes on 0.1” centers withstrips of copper connecting rows of holes.

Unclassified//FOUO


3073

5A

l Qa’

ida

Ala

rm C

lock

Tim

erAl Qa’ida Alarm Clock Timer

This modified commercial alarm clock wasrecovered in Afghanistan in late 2002. Ituses the mechanical contact closure of thealarm to initiate a device.

• Time Delay: Up to 12 hours.

• Size: The clock measures 115 mm x 85 mm x60 mm (4.5” x 3.3” x 2.4”).

• Anti-Tamper Features: None was present on thisclock, but there is a switch under the clock facewhich activates when the clock is disassembled.This could be connected to cause initiation whenthe clock is disassembled

• Variations: This technique could be applied to awide range of commercial alarm clocks withmechanical switch closure.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

3073

5A

l Qa’

ida

Ala

rm C

lock

Tim

er

Damage to the clock housing prevented reinstallation of thealarm on/off switch (red push button DPDT switch at left).

Unclassified//FOUO


4429

7A

l Qa’

ida

Mod

ified

Car

Ala

rm R

/CFS

Rec

eive

rAl Qa’ida ModifiedCar Alarm R/CFS Receiver

This commercial car alarm receiver, recov-ered in Afghanistan in 2002, was modifiedto include an added slide switch, LED indi-cator, and BNC connector for the antenna.Three multi-pin connectors were replacedwith a single connector.


• RF Frequency: 330-340 MHz.

Unmodified

Modified

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

4429

7A

l Qa’

ida

Mod

ified

Car

Ala

rm R

/CFS

Rec

eive

r • Control Code: 12-Bit digital.

• Operating Range: No transmitter was provided. Atypical key-fob transmitter, generally provided withsuch security systems, would be very short range,possibly within the lethal radius of an IED.

• Power Source: Designed to operate in standard12-Volt automobile electrical system. No powersource was recovered with the receiver.

• Size: The case measures 125 mm x 88 mm x32 mm thick (4.9“ x 3.5“ x 1.25“ thick). The circuitboard measures 121 mm x 81 mm (4.8” x 3.20”)

• PC BoardSubstra te :Sing le -c lad1 .6 mm(0.063”) thicktan epoxy-f ibe rg lassw i th g reensolder mask-ing and whites i l k -sc reenmarkings.

• Conceal-ment :None.

• Anti-TamperFeatures:None.

Unclassified//FOUO


4906

0A

l Qa’

ida

Dar

k Tr

igge

rAl Qa’ida Dark Triggerwith Safe-Arm Delay

Recovered in Kabul in 2002, this circuit isheld off by light hitting the sensor. Whenthe light is removed the output is triggered.The circuit board is identical to that usedfor a light trigger circuit (Sheet 88107).

• Trigger: Nearly total absence of light.

• Safe Arm Delay: 5 minutes.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

4906

0A

l Qa’

ida

Dar

k Tr

igge

r • Size: 51 mm x 50 mm x 17 mm overall height,including components (2.0” x 2.0” x 0.7”).

• Concealment: None. Both sides of the circuitboard are covered with hot-melt glue.


• Power Source: Standard 9-Volt battery assumed.Battery life is about 15 hours.

• PC BoardSubstra te :Sing le -c ladpheno l i c ,1 .5 mm(0.060”) thick.Marked SCR-P PCB.

Unclassified//FOUO


5443

3Ira

qi P

rogr

amm

able

Tim

erIraqi Programmable Timer

This timer was first recovered during theGulf War in 1991. It is controlled by a six-teen-position thumbwheel switch to selectthe number of divider stages used in estab-lishing the time delay. Delay times can beset by the user over a range of 30 secondsto nearly two weeks.

• Time Delay: Minutes to several days delay,selected by sixteen-position thumbwheel switch.With the switch set to “0”, the base time delay isgenerally set in the range of 30-45 seconds. Eachclick of the switch doubles the delay, to a maxi-mum, at “F”, on the order of 11-17 days.


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

5443

3Ira

qi P

rogr

amm

able

Tim

er • Power Source: Generally 9-Voltbattery.

• Size: The circuit board measures53 mm x 42 mm x 1.3 mm thick(2.1” x 1.7” x 0.050” thick).

• PC Board Substrate: Epoxy-fiberglass or phenolic.

• Circuit Base: Type 4536 Oscilla-tor/Divider IC.

• Concealments: None, thoughsome are wrapped in maskingtape.

The circuit layout is comparable to the fixed-delaytimer (Sheet 12989), except that the number of dividerstages is controlled by the sixteen-position (hexadeci-mal - base 16) thumbwheel switch, marked 0-9, A-F.

Unclassified//FOUO


5549

3A

l Qa’

ida

Sing

le D

TMF

Dec

oder

for R

/CFSAl Qa’ida Single DTMF Decoder

for R/CFS

These circuits were recovered from acache in Afghanistan in late 2002. The inte-grated circuits had not yet been installed inthe devices. Fully populated, the circuit willperform as a DTMF (“touch tone”) decoderfor use in an R/CFS. They will activate on asingle DTMF code.

• Safe-Arm Delay: Three minutes.

• Activation Code: Single DTMF code.


• Size: The assembly measures 63 mm x 43 mm x11 mm overall (2.5” x 1.7” x 0.4” overall).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

5549

3A

l Qa’

ida

Sing

le D

TMF

Dec

oder

for R

/CFS

• Circuit Base: Type MT8870 DTMF Decoder.

• PC Board Substrate: The circuits were assem-bled on 1.6-mm thick brown phenolic Veroboardwith patterns of holes and conductors. This is thesame substrate used for single-tone detector cir-cuits (Sheet 18356).

• Variations: Since the circuits are assembled onexperimenter board, there may be slight differ-ences in the physical layout of each.

• Power Source: 5-7 Volts limited by MT8870 IC. Aseparate power source is used for the detonator.

• Battery Life: A 6 Vdc battery pack consisting offour “AA” alkaline cells will provide one week ofoperational life.


Unclassified//FOUO


5728

6Ira

qi Im

prov

ised

Sea

Min

eIraqi Improvised Sea Mine

Several of these devices were recovered inIraq in 1991. It is designed to fit into a 55-gallon drum with a TNT charge. The safe-arm delay is an Iraqi fixed delay timer withC-D output (Sheet 88717). The large timer,designed for SAS by a British firm, is usedto destroy the mine at end of mission.

• Trigger: Shock on the horizontal axis. Spring-loaded plungers operate one of two microswitchesto complete the detonator circuit.


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

5728

6Ira

qi Im

prov

ised

Sea

Min

e • Safe-Arm Delay:Adjus tab le a tassembly f romminutes to days(see Sheet88717). Recov-ered devices hadsafe-arm delayso f one to twohours.

• Size: The bicycle wheel is 65 cm (25.6”) outsidediameter. The safe-arm timer measures 61 mm x32 mm x 16 mm (2.4” x 1.2” x 0.6”) overall in theheatshrink tubing. The end-of-mission timer mea-sures 134 mm long x 56 mm diameter (5.3” x 2.2”diameter).

• End of Mission Timer: Delays may be set withthumbwheel switches between a minimum of oneminute and a maximum of 99 days, 99 hours, and99 minutes, in one minute increments.

• Power Source: The safe-arm delay timer oper-ates from a standard 9-Volt battery. The end-of-mission timer has an internal 6-Volt battery packconsisting of four AA cells.

Unclassified//FOUO


5913

3A

l Qa’

ida

R/C

FS R

ecei

ver i

n SE

GAAl Qa’ida R/CFS Receiver

in SEGA Game Cartridge

The receiver portion of the R/CFS is con-cealed in a SEGA game cartridge. Firstrecovered in Pakistan in September 2002,there are several versions of this receiver.The device can be readily recognized bythe 19-pin header connector, rather thanthe card edge connector used with a gamecartridge.

• Concealment: SEGA game cartridge.

• Safe Arm Delay: 5 minutes (green light flashesduring delay).


• Control Code: Sequential standard DTMF codes(independent control of two detonator outputs).The RF frequency and control codes are written onthe edge of the circuit board beside the connector.


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

5913

3A

l Qa’

ida

R/C

FS R

ecei

ver i

n SE

GA

• Power Source: 9-12 Vdc.

• Size: The game cartridge measures 107 mm x70 mm x 18 mm thick (4.2” x 2.8” x 0.7” thick). theprinted circuit board measures 88 mm x 70 mm x1.6 mm thick (3.5” x 2.8” x 0.063” thick).


• Circuit Board Variations: Boards are single-cladof brown phenolic or green epoxy-fiberglass. Theboards are specifically designed to fit into theSEGA game cartridge concealment, with holes toclear the screw bosses on the housing. Boardshave been seen with black silk screen markingsfor component placement, as well as the morecommon white. Some boards have green soldermasking applied to the trace side.

Unclassified//FOUO


6216

6A

l Qa’

ida

Two-

DTM

F D

ecod

er fo

r R/C

FSAl Qa’ida two-DTMF Decoderfor R/CFS

These decoder circuits, designed to pluginto the audio jack of a standard handheldtransceiver activate upon the receipt of twosequential DTMF codes, were recovered inAfghanistan in late 2002.


• Activation Code: Two sequential DTMF codes.


• Size: The assembly measures 86.5 mm x63.5 mm x 12 mm overall (3.4” x2.5” x0.5”).

• PC Board Substrate: Brown phenolic Veroboardwith a pattern of holes and traces.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

6216

6A

l Qa’

ida

Two-

DTM

F D

ecod

er fo

r R/C

FS

• Circuit Base: MT 8870 DTMF tone decoder IC.

• Variations: Similar circuits have been seen con-trolling two separate SCR latching outputs withunique codes.

• Power Source: 5-7 Vdc limited by the MT8870 IC.

• Battery Life: About 10 days with a battery pack offour series “AA” cells.

• Concealment: Wrapped in white bandage tape.

Unclassified//FOUO


6429

2A

l Qa’

ida

Jum

per S

elec

t Del

ay T

imerAl Qa’ida Jumper Select Timer

Housed in an electrical switch box, thistimer was recovered in Pakistan in 2002.Jumper wires on the circuit board permitthe timer to be set by the user for delays of3, 6, or 12 minutes.


• Time Delay: 3, 6, or 12 minutes, jumper selected.

• Circuit Base: CMOS type 4060 Oscillator/24-Stage Divider IC.

• Power Source: The clip for a standard 9-Volt bat-tery is included.


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

6429

2A

l Qa’

ida

Jum

per S

elec

t Del

ay T

imer

• Size: The dark green plastic box measures 99 mmx 66 mm x 38 mm (3.9” x 2.6” x 1.5”). The circuitboard measures 40 mm x 30 mm (1.6” x 1.2”).

• PC Board Substrate: Single-sided brown phe-nolic circuit board is 1.6-mm (0.063”) thick withwhite silk screen markings.

• Variations: Slight variations in the physical layoutof this board have been seen, with and without silkscreen designations. The circuit board has alsobeen used with other component values and nojumpers to produce a fixed 24-minute delay timer.

• Concealments: The circuit has also been foundconcealed in a light blue AC mains power switchbox measuring 75 mm x 58 mm x 26 mm (3.0” x2.3” x 1.0”).

Unclassified//FOUO


6620

2A

l Qa’

ida

Trig

ger C

ircui

tAl Qa’ida Trigger Circuit

Recovered in Afghanistan, this circuitcould be used to sense the output from anumber of devices and fire a detonator. Awatch alarm trigger is assumed. Voltagefrom a watch, commercial timer, etc. willfire the SCR and result in battery voltagebeing applied to the output leads.



• Power Source: None supplied. Source must besufficient to fire the detonator.

• Size: The trigger assembly measures 45 mm x27 mm x 1.6 mm (1.77” x 1.06” x 0.063”).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

6620

2A

l Qa’

ida

Trig

ger C

ircui

t

• PC Board Substrate: Single-sided brown phe-nolic.


Unclassified//FOUO


7096

5A

l Qa’

ida

Bre

akw

ire T

rigge

rAl Qa’ida Breakwire Trigger

Recovered in Afghanistan in early 2002,this crudely made circuit is assembled on apiece of plywood. Two wires from thedevice must be shorted together to preventimmediate detonation when the safe-armdelay expires.

• Power Source: A standard 9-Volt battery isassumed. The green LED glows when power isproperly applied.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

7096

5A

l Qa’

ida

Bre

akw

ire T

rigge

r • Safe-Arm Delay: Variable to 130 seconds maxi-mum. The yellow LED glows when the safe-armdelay has expired and the trigger is active.

• Trigger: Breakwire or opening of switch contacts.The red LED glows to indicate battery voltage isapplied across the output leads.

• Anti-Tamper Features: The breakwire triggermechanism could be utilized with a lift switch toconfigure a booby trap.

• PC Board Substrate: Plywood, 4 mm (0.16”)thick, with holes drilled for component leads.

• Size: The PC Board measures 40 mm x 38.5 mm(1.57” x 1.52”).


Unclassified//FOUO


7157

5Ira

qi S

hape

d C

harg

e Ti

merIraqi Shaped Charge Timer

This device was recovered in the Mideastin 1991. The shape of the charge suggestsits intended use on oil pipelines of 122-137 cm (48”-54”). The charge is triggeredby a 0-39 day timer assembled in a sectionof pipe. Design errors prevents the timerfrom functioning in many of its delay set-tings. The shape of the timer assembly hasearned it the nickname Mushroom.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

7157

5Ira

qi S

hape

d C

harg

e Ti

mer • Safe-Arm Delay: 45 seconds.


• Control Key: A magnetic plug must be installed atthe end of the timer assembly for power to beapplied and the timer to function. Removing thisplug disconnects power from the timer and the det-onator.

• Time Delay: Program from 1-39 days, in one dayincrements, before assembly on the charge.

• Power Source: 5.8 Vdc from two LiSO2 D cells,connected in series, as part of the timer assembly.

• Size: The Timer assembly is about 280 mm long x140 mm maximum diameter (11” x 5.5” diameter).The shapecharge i sabout 36 cm(14”) diame-te r w i th acapacity of 8k i log rams(18 pounds)of explosive.

Unclassified//FOUO


7542

6Ira

qi IC

OM

-bas

ed S

ingl

e-To

ne R

/CFSIraqi Single-Tone R/CFS

Recovered in Iraq in 1995, this system wastargeted against the Kurds in the north. Ituses modified ICOM IC-2GE transceiversfor the actuator and target receiver. Thesystem uses a single audio tone as thecommand signal.


• RF Frequency: ~145 MHz determined by ICOM.

• Control Code: 2800 Hz tone (ZVEI tone A).

• Operating Range: Up to 2 kilometers (1.2 miles).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

7542

6Ira

qi IC

OM

-bas

ed S

ingl

e-To

ne R

/CFS

• Size: The ICOM radio measures 90 mm x 70 mmx 35 mm (3.5” x 2.8” x 1.4”). The tone generatorcircuit board is inside the transceiver case. Thereceiver tone detector circuit measures 25 mm(1.0”) square, mounted external to the transceiver.


• Power Source: The transmitter is powered by theinternal ICOM rechargeable battery pack. Thereceiver has two 9-Volt battery clips in parallelthrough a switch. Two standard 9-Volt batterieswould power the unit for less than one day.

Unclassified//FOUO


7739

8A

l Qa’

ida

Sing

le T

one

Enco

derAl Qa’ida Singe Tone Encoder

Recovered in Afghanistan in late 2002,these circuits generate a single tone thatcan be used to modulate a standard hand-held transceiver to actuate the receiver ofan R/CFS. These encoders match thefequency of al Qa’ida single-tone decoders(Sheet 18356).

• Tone Frequency: Nominal 2.2 kHz.


• Size: On average the cicuit boards measure28 mm x 17 mm (1.1” x 0.7”).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

7739

8A

l Qa’

ida

Sing

le T

one

Enco

der • Safe-Arm Delay: None required.

• Circuit Board Substrate: 1.6 mm (0.063”) thickperforated experimenter board.

• Variations: These samples differ in size and phys-ical layout, but the electrical circuits are the same.

Unclassified//FOUO


8025

1A

l Qa’

ida

Ligh

t Trig

gerAl Qa’ida Light Trigger

This light sensitive trigger was recoveredin Afghanistan in 2002. The circuit boardhas also been seen potted in epoxy. Thecircuit is similar to light triggers concealedin fluorescent starters and telephone wallblocks (Sheet 23119).

• Trigger: low light levels.

• Safe Arm Delay: Six minutes.

• Size: The circuit board measures 38 mm x 34 mmx 1.6 mm thick (1.5” x 1.3” x 0.063” thick).

• Concealments: Epoxy Block (pink) measuring48 mm x 34 mm x 21 mm (1.9” x 1.3” x 0.8”).


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

8025

1A

l Qa’

ida

Ligh

t Trig

ger • Power

Source:Standard 9-volt batterythrough clip.

• CircuitBase: Type4001 Quad2-Input NORgate.

• PC BoardSubstrate:Single-cladPhenolic.

Unclassified//FOUO


8407

1A

l Qa’

ida

Cas

io W

atch

Tim

er o

n Pe

rf B

oardAl Qa’ida Casio Watch Timer

on Perf Board

Recovered in late 2002, this timer has amore complex interface that the simpleCasio Watch Timer (Sheet 05706), but willnot activate on the hourly chime. It has nosafe-arm delay timer, as the opto-isolateddetector circuit (Sheet 03340).


• Power Source: Standard 9-Volt battery for thedetector circuit and detonator. The watch operateson its internal battery.


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

8407

1A

l Qa’

ida

Cas

io W

atch

Tim

er o

n Pe

rf B

oard • Watch Type: Casio F-91W, but other digital alarm

watches could be utilized,

• Size: The printed circuit board measures 67 mm x62 mm (2.6” x 2.4”) with a maximum assemblythickness of 19.5 mm (0.8”).

• PC Board Substrate: Perforated, single-sidedepoxy- f ibe r -glass exper i -menter board.

Unclassified//FOUO


8810

7A

l Qa’

ida

Ligh

t Trig

gerAl Qa’ida Light Trigger

with Safe-Arm Delay

Recovered in Kabul in 2002, this circuit istriggered by light hitting the sensor. Thecircuit board is identical to that used for adark trigger circuit (Sheet 49060).

• Trigger: Low levels of light.

• Concealment: None. Both sides of the circuitboard are covered with hot-melt glue.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

8810

7A

l Qa’

ida

Ligh

t Trig

ger • Safe Arm Delay: 5 minutes.

• Size: 51 mm x 50 mm x 17 mm overall height,including components (2.0” x 2.0” x 0.7”).


• Power Source: Standard 9-Volt battery assumed.Battery life is about 23 hours.

• PC BoardSubstra te :Sing le -c ladpheno l i c ,1 .5 mm(0.060”) thick.Marked SCR-P PCB.

Unclassified//FOUO


8871

7Ira

qi F

ixed

-Del

ay T

imer

(C-D

Out

put)Iraqi Fixed-Delay Timer with C-D

Ouput

Similar to the original Iraqi Fixed-DelayTimer (Sheet 12989), this timer can be setfor delays of several minutes to severalhours. It was first seen in the 1991 GulfWar. It features a new circuit board layoutand capacitor-discharge output to insurefirng after long delays.

• Time Delay: Minutes to days delay possible, butgenerally a few hours, fixed at time of assembly.

• Power Source: Generally 9-Volt battery.


• PC Board Substrate: Epoxy-fiberglass.

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

8871

7Ira

qi F

ixed

-Del

ay T

imer

(C-D

Out

put)

• Size: The circuit board measures 48 mm x 25 mmx 1.3 mm thick (1.9” x 1” x 0.05” thick).

• Circuit Base: Type 4536 Oscillator/Divider IC.

• Concealments: None.

Unclassified//FOUO


9168

7A

l Qa’

ida

“Spi

der”

R/C

FS R

ecei

ver i

n La

mp

Bal

lastAl Qa’ida “Spider” R/CFS

Receiver in Lamp Ballast

The RF receiver and DTMF decoder assem-blies of the R/CFS are concealed in a JapanInstaLite lamp ballast case. First recoveredin Afghanistan in 2002, there are severalvariations of this receiver.

• Concealment: JapanInstaLite fluorescentballast case.



• Control Code: Three sequential standard DTMFcodes (fourth code for second output control).


• Power Source: 9-12 Vdc.

• Size: The receiver circuit board measures 59 mmx 34 mm x 1.0 mm thick (2.3” x 1.3” x 0.040” thick).The DTMF decoder circuit board measures 67 mmx 41 mm x 1.0 mm thick (2.6” x 1.6” x 0.040” thick).


Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

9168

7A

l Qa’

ida

“Spi

der”

R/C

FS R

ecei

ver i

n La

mp

Bal

last • Circuit Board Variations: Boards are single-clad

of brown phenolic or green epoxy-fiberglass.Boards have white silk screen markings for com-ponent placement. Some boards have green sol-der masking applied to the trace side.

Variations in receiver (above) and DTMF decoder (below).

Unclassified//FOUO


9348

0Ira

qi R

adio

-Con

trol

led

Firin

g Sy

stem

Iraqi R/C Firing System

This remote control detonation system hasbeen recovered since 1991. The systemsanalyzed have operated at 173.5 MHz with asingle DTMF tone pair as the control signal.The system is capable of operating overranges greater than 1 kilometer, dependenton terrain.

• Safe Arm Delay: None. Fixed-delay timer usuallyadded for this function.

• Control Code: One standard DTMF tone pair.

• Frequency: 173.35MHz.

• Transmitter Out-put Power: 1 Watt(+30 dBm).

• Receiver Sensitiv-ity: -120 dBm.

• Power Sources:Clips for standard9-Volt batteries areattached to both thetransmitter (series -18 Vdc) and therece ive r (9 Vdcreceiver and 9 Vdcdetonator).

Unclassified//FOUO

Unclassified//FOUO

9348

0Ira

qi R

adio

-Con

trol

led

Firin

g Sy

stem

• Range: In excess of one kilometer over openground. The range will be highly dependent on theconcealment, the type of receiver antenna, andintervening structures.

• Size: The transmitter measures 120 mm x 70 mmx 20 mm (4.7” x 2.8” x 0.8”). The receiver mea-sures 200 mm x 60 mm x 30 mm (7.9” x 2.4” x1.2”) overall. The unpackaged receiver measures121 mm x 53 mm x 22 mm (4.8” x 2.1” x 0.9”).


• Concealment: Above the glove compartment invehicle bombs, or in a case with magnets as a lim-pet device.

• Source: Unidentified commercial manufacture.

12858174 IED Trigger Recognition Guide

Documents

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