11 th Annual NDIA Expeditionary Warfare Conference Rear Admiral William Landay III October 23, 2006
11th Annual NDIA Expeditionary Warfare Conference
Rear Admiral William Landay III
October 23, 2006
Technological DominanceTechnological Dominance
Today, Marines and Sailors have at their disposal the world’s most
sophisticated military technology
Mobile Communications
Laser-Guided Munitions
Network-Centricity, Information Warfare,
and Intelligence
GPS Navigation and Targeting
Internet—Information Warfare
and Intelligence
Commercial Laser Rangefinder—Precise
Targeting
Handheld GPS—Location with
Extreme Accuracy
Technological Technological ““DemocratizationDemocratization””
In the global war on terror and in Iraq, our adversaries are leveraging sophisticated technology that is now easily available anywhere in the world—and at a modest cost.
Cell Phones—Mobile Comms
A Technological A Technological ““Perfect StormPerfect Storm””??
“It is by devising new weapons, and above all by scientific leadership, that we shall best cope with the enemy’s superior strength.”
--Winston Churchill
“Acquiring weapons for the defense of Muslims is a religious duty. If I have indeed acquired these weapons, then I thank God for enabling me to do so. And if I seek to acquire these weapons, I am carrying out a duty. It would be a sin for Muslims not to try to possess the weapons that would prevent the infidels from inflicting harm on Muslims.”
--Osama bin Laden
The 21st Century is also going to be an age of scientific change, with certain cutting-edge technologies likely to be applied to naval warfare…high-tech arms will make direct attacks on naval battlefields possible from outer space, remote altitudes and remote land bases…superconduction technology will bring superconductor ships to the naval order of battle, enabling ships to travel faster without noise…submarines will be able to go faster and deeper, with the seabed being the ideal place to build military bases.”
--Chinese Naval Officers at the Navy Research Institute in Beijing
For decades, Western militaries have held a decisive technological advantage…
Today, enemies are able to acquire weapons and technology quickly and cheaply…
And there also are adversaries willing to invest significantly in new technology
World Science and Technology World Science and Technology InvestmentInvestment
+78%
** OECD 2005 PPP; Global S&T Report (Batelle) - PPP data Lyons, Mikami 2006, AOARD
1%
2%
3%
2%
1%
EU 25% 12% 3%
5%
33% 13%
<1%
Lyons, Mikami 2005, AOARD
Asia Share1996: 26%2004: 35%
2%
1%3%
2%
2%
EU 28%
4% 3%38% 16%
<1%* UIS S&T database; World Bank - PPP data
1%
2004**
1996*
Japan
China
USA
Taiwan
S. Korea
Canada +
Other America
India
Other Asia
Africa +
Mid East
Aus/NZ
Europe
World Science and Technology World Science and Technology PublicationsPublications
* Data from Science Citation Index, Web of Science, Thomson Scientific; November 2005 (Lyons, Wegener, Hubbard)
3%
36%
1%
3%
2%
35%
2%
7%
8%
2%
7%
5%
2%
33%
5% 31%
2%
8%
1%1%3%
3%
851,764 articles
1,094,017 articles
+28%
Asia Share1996: 19%2004: 24%
1996
2004
Nanotechnology Nanotechnology Publications (1995Publications (1995--2004*)2004*)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04Japan: MEMS, materials & electronics, CNTs, quantum dots/wires, photocatalysis
U.S.: biomaterials, drug design, environmental catalysis, quantum computing
Nu
mb
er
of
Pu
bli
cati
on
s
* Data from Science Citation Index, Web of Science, Thomson Scientific; November 2005 (Lyons, Wegener, Hubbard)
Asia
USA
ChinaJapan
Europe
Europe: Germany, France, UK, Russia
Asia: Japan, China, Korea, Taiwan
N-E Asia Share: Overall publication = 16%
Nano publications = 38%
““Tech TransferTech Transfer””
What are the key discriminators of U.S. technology?
• Fast movers
• Innovative
• Leading-edge scientists
• Flexible
• Focused on quality
What are the top U.S. technology companies?
HP, IBM, GE, Microsoft, Dell, and Google?
We see these companies operating today in India, China, Russia, and elsewhere in the
“developing” world…
A Swiftly Changing PlanetA Swiftly Changing Planet
• In an era of increasing globalization, new technology is more readily available—and more quickly—than ever before
• The natures of “combatant” and “weapon”are changing, and new challenges can come from anywhere in the world
• We must accept the fact that adversaries will use our technology against us
• To stay competitive on tomorrow’s battlefields, we must:
- Ensure our people and research enterprises are more innovative
- Maintain our technological advantage
S&T Focus to Meet Naval NeedsS&T Focus to Meet Naval Needs
Near Mid Long
High
Low
Quick Reaction S&T
Discovery & Invention(Basic and Applied Science)
ONR
Warfighter
AcquisitionEnablers
Leap AheadInnovations
Fo
cus
Time Frame
ONRONR’’ss International EngagementInternational Engagement
The AmericasThe Americas:
CanadaMexicoBrazilChileArgentinaUruguay
AfricaAfrica:
MoroccoNigeriaCameroonKenyaSouth AfricaMauritius
AsiaAsia::
JapanKoreaTaiwanVietnamThailandSingaporeAustraliaNew ZealandIndiaPakistanBahrainTurkeyIraqIsrael
EuropeEurope:: France Slovenia LatviaSpain Poland Lithuania
Norway Portugal Romania UkraineSweden Germany Bulgaria RussiaFinland Italy Greece ArmeniaDenmark Czech Rep. Estonia AzerbaijanU.K. SlovakiaIreland HungaryNetherlands AustriaBelgium
Fiscal Years 2004-2006
Science and Technology Investment by Science and Technology Investment by Current Capability AreaCurrent Capability Area
FY07 $M
4.4
7.3
7.5
13.4
17.6
18.3
25.6
29.8
40.8
51.0
54.1
56.3
59.0
80.0
80.5
84.0
91.9
103.5
114.0
117.0
133.8
160.6
249.1
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0
Lightening Infantryman Load
Alternative Fuels
Helo/VSTOL Survivability
Heavy Lift Technologies
On-the-Move/Over-the-Horizon C2
Combat Tactical Vehicle
Global Connectivity
Networks & Communications
Power Sources
Common Operational & Tactical Picture
Responsive Logistics
Counter IED
Precise & Persisitent Firepower
Intel, Surveillance & Recon
Force Protection
Deliberate & Time Sensitive Strike
Affordability
Ship-to-Objective Maneuver
Mine Warfare/Countermeasures
Anti-Surface Warfare
Air & Missile Defense
Global War on Terrorism
Anti-Submarine Warfare
Areas of increasing Navy/MC emphasis
Resulting Focus AreasResulting Focus Areas
Power & Energy
Affordability, Maintainability, & Reliability
Fleet/Force Sustainment
Platform Mobility
Naval Warrior Performance & Protection
Survivability & Self-Defense
Power Projection
Assure Access & Hold at Risk
Distributed Operations
Asymmetric & Irregular Warfare
Operational Environments
Information, Analysis & Communication
Maritime Domain Awareness
Naval S&T Focus Areas
Operational Concepts &
Missions
Warfighting & Support
Functions
Functions that S&T would enable or enhance
Include accepted and projected future functions
ONR Technology for the Expeditionary ONR Technology for the Expeditionary WarfighterWarfighter
QuadGuard: Arm and leg protection to protect against blast
injuries
Joint Light Tactical Vehicle: A family of survivable combat vehicles
Mine Warfare
SpeechGear: Bi-directional Free Speech Language Translation
Visual Understanding Research
Video Understanding ResearchVideo Understanding Research
ONR Technology for Expeditionary ONR Technology for Expeditionary Warfighter ImprovementWarfighter Improvement
Dietary Performance Enhancement
VirtuSphere
ConclusionsConclusionsConclusions
Rapidly changing global technology is creating challenges—as well as opportunities—for today’s expeditionary warfighter
ONR is flexible enough to solve today’s critical challenges while focusing on tomorrow and the Navy and Marine Corps after Next
Committed to maintaining ourwarfighter’s superiority to ensure victory on today’s as well as tomorrow’s battlefields…
Questions?Questions?
WWW.ONR.NAVY.MIL
BACK UP
Visual Understanding ResearchVisual Understanding Research
To develop video understanding technology for real time event detection and easy access of the massive video content by semantic scene understanding, video categorization and concept detection
Object model for tracking & event detection
Multi-modal video event
understanding
Video tagging with metadata indicating video highlights and events
Video streams
Event and Activity detection
Automatic scene understanding for landmark and context
learningUnattended Object
NonNon--North American S&T North American S&T InvestmentInvestment
+78%
** OECD 2005 PPP; Global S&T Report (Batelle) - PPP data
2%5%
3%
1%
EU 38% 18% 5%
7%
20%
1%
Lyons, Mikami 2005, AOARD
Asia Share1996: 45%2004: 53%
2%5%
3%
3%
EU 46% 7% 5%
26%
1%* UIS S&T database; World Bank - PPP data
2%
Normalized without US and Canada
(1996* to 2004**)
Japan
China
US & Canada
Taiwan
S. Korea
Other America
India
Other Asia
Africa + Mid East
AUS/NZ
Europe
NonNon--US S+T PublicationsUS S+T Publications
* Data from Science Citation Index, Web of Science, Thomson Scientific; November 2005 (Lyons, Wegener, Hubbard)
5%
58%
2%
5%
2% 2%
6%
12%
3%
6%
8%
3%
50%
8%
3%
13%
2%2%5%
5%
851,764 articles
1,094,017 articles
+28%
Asia Share1996: 31%2004: 36%
(1996 to 2004*)Normalized without US and Canada
Global R&D FundingGlobal R&D Funding
Main S&T Indicators
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
100.00%
90 91 94 95 98 99 01 03
Year
Tot
al R
&D
Exp
endi
ture
Per
cent
ages
OECD
U.S. only
OECD (incl US)
Non-OECD
The developing world is making an increasingly significant
contribution to the total global
investment in R&D
Integrated Combat Systems:
A “plug & play” ready vehicle that can be quickly adapted to a variety of missions. Power, hard points and crew stations compatible with remote weapons and sensor systems. Leverage Gunslinger and AugCog programs.
Crew station:
Expand on lessons learned from ULTRA to design superior ergonomics, safety and “fightability”of platform.
Integrate Active RPG Defense:
Incorporate evolved active net system from current effort.
Superior Mobility/Performance:
State of the art drive train & suspension technologies. Leverage hybrid electric systems from the RST-V, ECASS, and private sector.
Advanced Armor Design:
Leverage Army Research Lab ceramic composite and EM armor designs for medium vehicles.
Advanced Automotive Safety:
Best available safety features to reduce roll-over, collisions and from AugCog platform (autonomous obstacle avoidance system, optical lane sensing, computer stability control).
Mine/ IED Survivability:
Cab floor and crew seats designed to mitigate shock loading from mines & IEDs.
Trades, Concepts, Technology Demonstrator:Conduct trade studies, design, build & test a combat science and technology
demonstrator platform. Leverage simulation-based design tools.
Joint Light Tactical VehicleJoint Light Tactical Vehicle
RST-V
Automated Object RecognitionAutomated Object Recognition
SpeechGearSpeechGear: Bi: Bi--directional Free Speech directional Free Speech Language TranslationLanguage Translation
Description
A hand held rugged device to allow dismounted troops to translate bi-directionally from Arabic to English and back
Benefits
- Uses commercial/government off-the-shelf equipment
- Lessens the need for trained translators in field
- Allows for translation of written, visual & spoken language
- Greater than 90% accuracy for in-field translation of free speech
Design philosophy• Optimizes protection, mobility, weight and comfort
• Protection against blast fragments and small arms• Designed to reduce likelihood of severe injuries• NIJ Level IIA protection (NIJ Level II option also available)
Design features• Protection zones based on anatomical vulnerability• Flexible joints for mobility• Vented for comfort • Integrates with Interceptor vest system• Arm guard weights
• 1.6 lbs per arm • Leg guard weights (including suspenders)
• 3.1 lbs per leg - open vented design• 3.5 lbs per leg - closed vented design
• Volume production cost less than $1000 per set
Program team • Funding
• Office of Naval Research “Tech Solutions” Program • Design and production
• Naval Research Laboratory• Army Research Laboratory• FS Technology• Oklahoma State University
QuadGuardQuadGuard: Arm and Leg Protection: Arm and Leg Protectionto Reduce Blast Injuriesto Reduce Blast Injuries
FST
Enemy Convoy
3rd Squad
FSCCPlt CmdElement
FDC
Enemy Sniper
Enemy Squad
Enemy Squad
1st Squad
Simultaneous Distributed OpsDO Tenets
• Enhanced Fires Against Larger Forces
• Increased Unit Separation
• Small Unit Control of Integrated Fires
• Effective in Unique Battlefield Geometries
• Reduced Weight
2nd Squad
DO Operational EnvironmentDO Operational Environment
Distributed OperationsDistributed Operations
ONR Technology for Expeditionary ONR Technology for Expeditionary WarfighterWarfighter ImprovementImprovement
Computer Training Testing Combat Decision-
Making Skills
VirtuSphere
Blue Screen Simulator Virtual Reality Training for the
Aviator
Dietary Performance Enhancement
Fatigue and Stress Management