GCSE PE Health, exercise, fitness and performance
May 24, 2015
GCSE PE
Health, exercise, fitness and performance
By the end of today’s lesson you should be able to:
? Explain the 5 components of health related exercise
Learning Objectives
Cardiovascular fitnessMuscular strength
Muscular enduranceFlexibility
Body composition
5 Components of Health related exercise
This requires your heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular) to work together to provide muscles with oxygenated blood
Basic cardiovascular fitness is needed in order to lead an everyday life (e.g. walking to the shops, climbing up stairs, running to catch the bus)
It also allows us to get involved in sports and leisure pursuits
…the ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time
Sports related:• The cardiovascular element of
fitness is important when we take part in sports that involve stamina such as cycling, running and swimming
Cardiovascular Fitness
Tip: Don’t get confused…
The following terms are also used to describe cardiovascular fitness and may be used in examination questions:
Cardio-Respiratory fitnessAerobic fitnessStamina Endurance
Cardiovascular Fitness
• A good level of strength can be very beneficial as it can help prevent injury, assist with good posture and it allows an individual to carry out everyday tasks without feeling fatigued (e.g. carrying shopping)
…the amount of force a muscle can exert against a resistance
Sports related:• Weightlifting – to lift a heavy weight• Boxing – to produce a strong punch• Gymnastics – upper body strength
when maintaining a handstand
Muscular Strength
• This is related to muscular strength but is concerned with the ability to move smaller weights repeatedly without getting too tired (e.g. Rowing)
• Muscular endurance is used in day-to-day life in activities such as climbing and gardening
…the ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired
Sports related: • Essential for long distance events (running, cycling,
rowing)• Tennis – constant swinging of racket • Football – kicking ball for 90 minutes
Muscular Endurance
• Flexibility can also be known as suppleness • Muscle fibres have elastic properties and
are able to stretch and then return to their original position
• However, if they are not regularly stretched then they can become stiff and inflexible
• Flexibility is important for reducing the risk of muscle strain and injury and completing many everyday tasks such as tying your shoe laces!
…the range of movement possible at a joint
Sports related: • Gymnastics and Dance – a flexible joint possesses a greater
range of motion, which aids the performance of a skill• Running – a flexible hip joint allows a longer stride length
Flexibility
…the percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and bone
• Some body shapes are better suited to certain sports than others.
• Lean body tissue is water, blood, skin, muscle and bone.
• From a health perspective it is important to have low body fat.
• In relation to sport, a sports person’s levels of fat can accumulate through inactivity.
Sports related: • Sumo wrestling – larger
body composition is better• All other sports benefit from
a leaner, more muscular body
Body Composition
BC
CF
F
MS
• Different sports favour different components of fitness
• This is why some athletes are successful at their sport as their component may match the sport’s requirements
• The components of fitness for an individual sport can be displayed in a bar graph. For example:
ME
SHOT PUTTER
HRE components in sport
Task 3:Write down what the letters
mean for each section of the graph
HRE components in sport
Task 4:Analyse the shot putter graph
and explain why some components are less important
than others
Task 5:Choose 2 sports that you play
and produce a bar chart for each one
Task 6:Swap your graphs with a
partner and mark their work out of 5 as to how accurate you
think they are. 1 mark for each level – be prepared to explain
your answer
Health related fitness
Health related exercise
By the end of today’s lesson you should be able to:
Explain the 5 components of health related exercise
Learning Objectives
Make sure you have corrected any mistakes from your previous notes and
homework.If you have then have a night off…..
Homework