1113 GNSS1 Welcome to Flight Inspection 2013

Welcome to Flight Inspection Flight Inspection Division., JCAB, MLIT

Today’s Schedule

9:30 ～ 9:45 Introduction

9:45～ 10:45 FMS & AFIS (Tour to JA001G)

10:45～11:30 Flight Inspection in Japan

11:30～12:00 Validation etc.

Flight Inspection organization

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Civil Aviation Bureau

Aviation Network Department

Aviation Safety Department

Air Navigation Services Department

Air Navigation Services Planning Division

Air Traffic International Affairs Office

Visual Aids and Electrical Systems Office

Air Traffic Control Data Systems Office

Air Traffic Control Division

Flight Procedure Designer Office

Operation and Flight Inspection Division

Flight Inspection Office

Aeronautical Information Service Center

Air Navigation Services Engineering Division

Communications, Navigation and

Surveillance Planning Office

JCAB Flight Inspection Staff

Deputy Chief Flight Inspector (2)

Chief Flight Inspector (1)

Mechanic

(20)

Operation Staff

Pilot

(22)

Dispatcher

(2)

Radio Engineer

(24)

Flight Inspection Fleet

Gulfstream IV ×2 – Max ops ALT FL450

– Flight range 7,385Km

Saab-2000 ×2 – Max ops ALT FL310

– Flight range 3,774Km

Bombardier Aerospace BD-700 ×2 – Max ops ALT FL510

– Flight range 11,384Km

DHC-8 ×1 – Max ops ALT FL250

– Flight range 2,933Km

Current Flight Inspection Aircraft (1)

Two Gulfstream-IV

(JA001G・002G)

Two SAAB2000

(JA003G・004G)

Current Flight Inspection Aircraft (2)

Two Bombardier BD-700

(JA005G・006G)

One Bombardier DHC-8-300

(JA007G)

Flight Inspection System

To analyze error of signal in space, the following devices are needed

Receivers

Positioning Reference System

Analysis device

Printer Plotter

AFIS; Automatic Flight Inspection System

AFIS

Necessity of Flight Inspection

Multi-path,

Interference, etc.

The signals from the ground navigation facilities will be influenced by the environment conditions such as terrain or building.

It is impossible to detect the performance and functionality of the signal-in-space of a facility only using ground testing devices. Flight Inspection conducted by inspection aircraft is indispensable for checking of the signal-in-space for safe operation of aircraft.

Types of flight inspection

Commissioning inspection – Inspections conducted prior to the operation of aids and facilities

after the completion of the aids and facilities.

Periodic inspection – Inspections periodically conducted according to the numbers of

annual inspections for the respective aids and facilities.

Special inspection – Inspections conducted when there are major changes in aids and

facilities, or when aids and facilities that had major breakdowns are going to be operated again.

Flying survey – Surveys conducted for feasibility studies on airports.

Types of Flight Validation

Commissioning Validation – This validation will be conducted prior to issue of the publication.

(Validation of Proposed Instrument Procedure before publish)

Periodic Validation – This validation will be conducted periodically after publication.

Modification Validation – This validation will be conducted prior to modification of the

procedure.

Special Validation – This validation is special validation other than

commissioning,periodic and modification..

Standard period of periodic inspection

Inspected aids Standard Period

NDB 12 months

VOR,VOR/DME,VORTAC 6 months

ILS(CAT-2,3) 6 months

ILS(CAT-1) 6 months

PAPI,PALS,SALS 12 months

RADAR 6 months

PAR 6 months

ATC Communication Facility 12 months

Number of facilities in Japan

Inspected aids Number of aids

Inspected aids Number of aids

A/G 139 NDB 1

PAPI 196 AEIS 33

VOR 1 ATIS 21

VOR/DME 91 ASR/SSR 26

VORTAC 23 ARSR/SSR 16

DME only 4 ORSR 5

TACAN only 1 PAR 1

ILS 63

Flight Inspection System

Floppy

Disk Drive

Navigation

Computer Unit

Display

Computer Unit

Operator’s

Display

Keyboard

VOR/ILS Rx

DME TRx

Printer

Plotter

FMS IRS/GPS

ADF Rx

Marker Rx

Operator’s Console

Aircraft System

Test Sensor

AFIS：Automated Flight

Inspection System

Flight Inspection for RNAV

What’s RNAV?… – Area Navigation (RNAV) is a method of navigation

that permits aircraft operation on any desired course within the limits of a self-contained system capability.

Flight phase Navigation accuracy (NM)

Navigation specification

En-route 5 RNAV5

Terminal (SID,STAR)

1 RNAV1

Approach 0.3 RNAV(GNSS)

- Basic GNSS RNAV

Navigation

Computer

Unit

GPS Antenna

（Top)

NXT Flight Inspection System

Collins GNLU-930 MMR (Adapted to DO-229C)

HPL/VPL

SNR

DOP

Trackin’ No,

Each traces are observed

and recorded to detect

existence of Interference

・GPS Rx for Analysis replaced in Apr. 2007 ・Collins EMAGER Rx → Collins GNLU-930 MMR （RTCA/DO-229B) （RTCA/DO-229C)

Flight Inspection System of G-IV

Flight Inspection for RNAV(GNSS)

ＧＮＳＳ

Spectrum

Analyzer

Interference detection

Flight Inspection for RNAV(GNSS) NPA Procedure

Inspection Activities mainly focused on;

GPS receiving condition (Interference detection)

Procedure Design Evaluation /Fly Ability

Secondary Area

Secondary Area

Primary Area

1.0 NM

1.0 NM

Final Apch Segment

MAPtFAFIF

IAF

MATF

“Kozu-Shima Airport”

・800m R/W No Nav Facility ( due to Airport size & Geographical feature etc)

・3 Scheduled flight/day btw Tokyo (Chofu) & Kozu-shima

・Operated by VFR only (Landing available rate less than 70％）

FI Achievement Example

Weak Point of GPS

What is a lack of thing on GPS for aviation use?

It looks GPS positioning accuracy

leaves nothing to be desired・・・・

★GPS in itself does not ensure its integrity. ・GPS doesn’t have the method to report GPS own fault to aircraft

immediately.

・Determination of GPS positioning validity is difficult in flight.

Some kind of augmentation

system is required Therefore

ABAS SBAS

GBAS

★GPS positioning accuracy might not meet

the requirement at each flight phase.

Type of Augmentation System

ABAS

SBAS

GBAS

Airborne-Based

Augmentation

System

Satellite-Based

Augmentation

System

Ground-Based

Augmentation

System

・GPS Rx / FMS

・RAIM (FD/FDE)

・FAA：TSO-C129A

・WAAS (US)

・EGNOS （EU)

・MSAS (JAPAN)

・GAGAN (INDIA)

・FAA TSO-C145/146

・Under Development

・US /Australia /Germany /Brazil /Japan

Airborne-Based Augmentation System (1/2)

RAIM: Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitor

・Typical integrity solution as ABAS and classical scheme developed 1990’s

・Trough En-route to Non-precision approach

・Detect faulty satellite using a set of 4 satellite signals.

・Fault Detection Function (FD)

At least 5 satellite are necessary

Operation has to be stopped if the faulty

satellite detected

・Fault Detection and Exclusion （FDE)

At least 6 satellite are necessary (or AAIM)

Operation is maintained even if the faulty satellite detected

Airborne-Based Augmentation System (2/2)

■ Definition of Airborne Equipment performance ■

・RTCA/DO-208 Minimum Operation Performance Standards

・FAA TSO-C129a Multi Sensors / Stand Alone Receiver

（Supplementary Documentation for Do-208)

En route, Terminal NPA

A1 ○ ○ ○ RAIM

A2 ○ ○ RAIM

B1 ○ ○ ○ RAIM

B2 ○ ○ RAIM

B3 ○ ○ ○Integrity

Output

B4 ○ ○Integrity

Output

C1 ○ ○ ○ RAIM

C2 ○ ○ RAIM

C3 ○ ○ ○Integrity

Output

C４ ○ ○Integrity

Output

Sensor

Stand AloneReceiver

Class TypeOperation

RAIM

--TSO-C129a Class--

Classified with performance and

functionality

Only Class A1,B1,B3,C1,C3

available for RNAV(GNSS) NPA

Must be taken into account that RAIM

and GPS navigation altogether may

be lost and may require alternative

means of navigation before operation

(ICAO Do9613 PBN Manual)

RNAV(GNSS) NPA with ABAS Aircraft

・TSO-C129A aircrafts can use the procedure with GPS supplementary means.

GPS Sole and primary means operation are prohibited in approach procedure by Japanese regulation except for SBAS augmented aircrafts

TSO-C129A Class A1,B1,B3,C1,C3 type receiver (RAIM included)

・Non-GPS based approach procedure should be available at the destination or alternate airport and the missed approach procedure should be available based on traditional navigation at destination airport for TSO-C129A aircrafts

・RAIM availability prediction should be checked prior to flight.

JCAB regards GPS (including RAIM) doesn’t meet the performance requirement applicable to a sole-means navigation.

・TSO-C145b/146b (SBAS augmented) aircraft can use the procedure with GPS sole-means

JCAB Flight Inspection Manual

■ Pre-departure Check ■

・ Pilots manually input each waypoints of approach procedure to FMS ・ Then they confirm distance and bearing each track indicated on CDU whether there are difference with designed procedure.

FMS Database Confirmation

RAIM prediction Confirmation

・ In order to confirm the possibility of influence to inspection ・JCAB FI Div normally asked RAIM prediction staff of Fukuoka ATMC to conduct RAIM prediction at destination with desired time.