110622 presentatie ukraineshort

June 24, 2011

Visit of Ukrainian delegation

By Ralph Brieskorn

& Margo Verhagen

Project directorate Biofuels

The Netherlands

Targets and criteria for biofuels and bioenergy

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Summary

• Why Biofuels and Bio energy?

• Targets and Concerns

• Sustainability Requirements and certification in the EU

• Sustainability of biofuels in the Netherlands

• Policy developments in the Netherlands

• Further perspectives

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Why bio energy and bio fuels in the Netherlands?

• Commitment to the Kyoto Protocol, further GHG reductions in the future: Bio energy large potential and technological/financialinteresting opportunities

• Biofuels:

• Transport accounts for 21% of the EU’s GHG emissions

• GHG-emissions in transport sector, by far the largestincrease since 1990

The Netherlands today… The Netherlands in…

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Some facts on bio energy in the Netherlands

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Year 2009/2010

• 68 PJ Renewable Energy

• 3,9% RE of total energy

• 75% RE is biomass

• Year 2010:4 % biofuels in

transport

• Evaluation in 2014 for next steps towards 10% goal in 2020

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EU 2020 Targets

Renewable Energy Directive

• Minimum of 10% renewable energy in transport in 2020

• Electric, biofuels, biogas

• At least applicable to road transport,

opt in for shipping/air

• Double counting 2nd generation biofuels (waste/residues/cellulosic)

Fuel Quality Directive

• Life Cycle Analysis, CO2-reduction of 6% compared to 2010

• Looks at the whole chain of production and use of fuels

• No double counting 2nd generation biofuels

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More trade

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And, the Netherlands is not just an important consumer of biofuels and biomass, but is in Europe also the most important transitcountry for these matters

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But also concerns about biofuels

• Competition with food (price spikes 2007/2008)

• Land use change (direct and indirect)

• Loss of biodiversity

• Loss of GHG sinks

• Other sustainability effects:

• Locally: soil, water, air

• Social (poverty, land rights)

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Targets vs Concerns

European targets & national needs

vs

Concerns regarding sustainability

Sustainability Policy on biofuels and bioenergy

- Criteria

- Monitoring

- Reporting

- Certification

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What does sustainable biofuel/biomass mean?

“People, planet, profit”

• Socially beneficial?

• Environmentally friendly?

• Economically feasible?

Current biofuel production is not necessarily sustainable;

>> Sustainability paradox

About: product, the production chain (including transport) and use

And about direct and indirect effects

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EU Sustainability Requirements

For biofuels and other bio liquids for energy purposes:

• GHG-emissions: > 35% better than fossil equivalent,

2017 50% existing and 60% new installations

• Biodiversity: no go areas

• Carbon sinks: preservation of status of areas

• EU: cross compliance requirements (agriculture and nature protection)

• Reporting requirements: food security and food prices, ILO, land security

For waste, residues and solid biomass:

• Waste and residues (not from agriculture, aquaculture, fishery, forest): only GHG-emission requirement

• Solid biomass for energy: possibility of national sustainability requirements

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Voluntary certification schemesSchemes being developed by consortia / roundtables

• Bonsucro (formerly BSI, sugarcane) • ISCC• NTA 8080/8081 – www.sustainable-biomass.org • REDcert – www.redcert.org• RSB – www.rsb.epfl.ch• RSPO (palm oil) • RTRS (soy) – www.responsiblesoy.org

Schemes being developed by companies• Abengoa (RED Bioenergy Sustainability Assurance)• Greenergy• French stakeholders – 2BSvs• Nesté Oil• Red Tractor • SEKAB/UNICA – sustainable ethanol initiative

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Source of biofuels in the Netherlands 2010

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• Ethanol: 39% corn, wheat 19%, sugarcane 10%

• FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester/biodiesel): 53 % Used Cooking Oils

• MTBE: almost 100% glycerine

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Sustainability reporting biofuels 2010

• 64% biofuels sustainability demonstrated: mainly rapeseed, palmoil, sugar cane, wheat, corn, sugar beet

• RTRS, RSPO and some national standards (Belgium, UK, US)

• UCO, animal fat, glycerine used double counting verification

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A Glance at a renewable Transport Mix in 2020

• Electric cars: 200.000 vehicles, 0,5% share in 10% target

• Cars on biogas/green gas: 200.000 vehicles, > 0,5%

share in 10% target

• Second generation biofuels: 2,5%, double counting for

a 5% share in the 10% target

• Waste and residues, lignocellulosic material

• Liquid and gas

• First generation biofuels in 2020: 4% of 10% target

• Bioreplacement for petrol and diesel

• Independent auditing required

• Sustainability ensured

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Policy Developments in the Netherlands

• April 2010: Duty charge minus 27% on high blends sustainableethanol (E85) Sustainability standard: NTA 8080/8081, BSI, RTFO

• Implementation of European legislation REDD and FQD

• January – March 2011: Legislation has been approved by Parliament and Senate. Into force April 2011 and associated decisions and regulations published in May 2011

• Make it work in practice: operational structure for the administration of sustainable biofuels (Dutch Emission Authority/NEA)

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Policy Developments in the Netherlands

• October 2010: Consultation of the EU Commission on indirect land use change (iLUC). The Netherlands in favour of iLUC-factor and low risk iLUC biofuels

• Global sustainability of biofuels/energy/biobased: dialogue with producing countries, subsidy programmes (20 Mln Euro), Global Bio Energy Partnership and roundtables

• EU consultation on sustainability criteria for solid biomass for energy purposes. Netherlands in favour

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Further Policy Perspectives

• Parliament voted for:

• Possibility for higher percentage of renewable energy in transport coming years and broadening obligation to shipping and air transport

• Reassurance of no impacts of biomass use on primary forests

• Stimulate more sustainable energy in transport (2nd generation biofuels, biogas, electricity), at least half of 10% in 2020

• Adequate enforcement of current legislation

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Further Policy Perspectives

3 important perspectives on future policy:

• Biobased Economy provides opportunities for the Dutch economic development, innovation, GHG-emission reduction and energy security

• Sustainability framework is necessary for a biobased economy in order to protect natural resources, improve social situation and food security

• Sustainability frameworks should be completed with ilUC, more efficient agriculture, efficient use of biomass and nature protection

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Questions?

[email protected]@minvrom.nl