West Cambourne Noise and Vibration 19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 1 December 2014 11.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION Introduction 11.1 This chapter of the ES assesses the likely significant effects of the Proposed Development in terms of noise and vibration, in particular the potential direct and indirect effects of the development arising from construction phase noise and vibration and operational phase road traffic noise at sensitive receptor locations. 11.2 The chapter describes the assessment methodology; the baseline conditions at the Site and surroundings; the likely significant environmental effects; the mitigation measures required to prevent, reduce or offset any significant adverse effects; and the likely residual effects after these measures have been employed. A summary of impact significance and mitigation is included as Table 11.38. This chapter has been prepared Royal HaskoningDHV. Planning Policy Context 11.3 This assessment has been undertaken in accordance with the following legislation, policies and guidance. National Legislation Environmental Protection Act (EPA) (1990) HMSO i 11.4 Section 79 of the Act defines statutory nuisance with regard to noise and determines that local planning authorities have a duty to detect such nuisances in their area. The Act also defines the concept of “Best Practicable Means” (BPM): “ ‘ prac ticable’ means reasonably practicable having regard among other things to local conditions and circumstances, to the current state of technical knowledge and to the financial implications; the means to be employed include the design, installation, maintenance and manner and periods of operation of plant and machinery, and the design, construction and maintenance of buildings and structures;
64
Embed
11.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION - South Cambridgeshire 11... · 11.11 The NPSE document was published by Defra in 2010 and paragraph 1.7 states three policy aims: ... construction noise
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 1 December 2014
11.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION
Introduction
11.1 This chapter of the ES assesses the likely significant effects of the Proposed
Development in terms of noise and vibration, in particular the potential direct and
indirect effects of the development arising from construction phase noise and vibration
and operational phase road traffic noise at sensitive receptor locations.
11.2 The chapter describes the assessment methodology; the baseline conditions at the Site
and surroundings; the likely significant environmental effects; the mitigation measures
required to prevent, reduce or offset any significant adverse effects; and the likely
residual effects after these measures have been employed. A summary of impact
significance and mitigation is included as Table 11.38. This chapter has been prepared
Royal HaskoningDHV.
Planning Policy Context
11.3 This assessment has been undertaken in accordance with the following leg islation,
policies and guidance.
National Legislation
Environmental Protection Act (EPA) (1990) HMSO i
11.4 Section 79 of the Act defines statutory nuisance with regard to noise and determines
that local planning authorities have a duty to detect such nuisances in their area. The
Act also defines the concept of “Best Practicable Means” (BPM):
“ ‘practicable’ means reasonably practicable having regard
among other things to local conditions and circumstances,
to the current state of technical knowledge and to the
financial implications;
the means to be employed include the design, installation,
maintenance and manner and periods of operation of plant
and machinery, and the design, construction and
maintenance of buildings and structures;
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 2 December 2014
the test is to apply only so far as compatible with any duty
imposed by law; and
the test is to apply only so far as compatible with safety
and safe working conditions, and with the exigencies of
any emergency or unforeseeable circumstances.”
11.5 Section 80 of the Act provides local planning authorities with powers to serve an
abatement notice requiring the abatement of a nuisance or requiring works to be
executed to prevent their occurrence.
The Control of Pollution Act, 1974 (CoPA) ii
11.6 Section 60 of the Act provides powers to Local Authority Officers to serve an abatement
notice in respect of noise nuisance from construction works.
11.7 Section 61 provides a method by which a contractor can apply for ‘prior consent’ for
construction activities before commencement of works. The ‘prior consent’ is agreed
between the Local Authority and the contractor and may conta in a range of agreed
working conditions, noise limits and control measures designed to minimise or prevent
the occurrence of noise nuisance from construction activities. Application for a ‘prior
consent’ is a commonly used control measure in respect of potential noise effects from
major construction works.
The National Planning Policy Framework ii i
11.8 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) was introduced in March 2012 replacing
the former Planning Policy Guidance 24: Planning and Noise. Paragraph 123 of the
National Planning Policy Framework states that planning policies and decisions should
aim to:
“avoid noise from giving rise to significant adverse impacts
on health and quality of life as a result of new
development;
mitigate and reduce to a minimum other adverse impacts
on health and quality of life arising from noise from new
development, including through the use of conditions;
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 3 December 2014
recognise that development will often create some noise
and existing businesses wanting to develop in continuance
of their business should not have unreasonable restrictions
put on them because of changes in nearby land uses since
they were established; and
identify and protect areas of tranquillity which have
remained relatively undisturbed by noise and are prized for
their recreational and amenity value for this reason.”
Planning Practice Guidance
11.9 The National Planning Practice Guidance for Noise (NPPG Noise, March 2014) iv, issued
under the NPPF, states that noise needs to be considered when new developments may
create additional noise and when new developments would be sensitive to the prevailing
acoustic environment. When preparing local or neighbourhood plans, or taking decisions
about new development, there may also be opportunities to consider improvements to
the acoustic environment.
11.10 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), 2010, Noise Policy
Statement for England (NPSE)v
11.11 The NPSE document was published by Defra in 2010 and paragraph 1.7 states three
policy aims:
“Through the effective management and control of
environmental, neighbour and neighbourhood noise within
the context of Government policy on sustainable
development:
1. avoid significant adverse impacts on health and
quality of life;
2. mitigate and minimise adverse impacts on health
and quality of life; and
3. where possible, contribute to the improvement of
health and quality of life.”
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 4 December 2014
11.12 The first two points require that significant adverse effect should not occur and that,
where a noise level falls between a leve l which represents the lowest observable
adverse effect and a level which represents a significant observed adverse effect:
“…all reasonable steps should be taken to mitigate and
minimise adverse effects on health and quality of life
whilst also taking into consideration the guiding principles
of sustainable development. This does not mean that such
effects cannot occur.” (Paragraph 2.24, NPSE, March 2010).
11.13 Section 2.20 of The NPSE introduces key phrases including “Significant adverse” and
“adverse” and two established concepts from toxicology that are being applied to noise
effects:
“NOEL – No Observed Effect Level
This is the level below which no effect can be detected. In
simple terms, below this level, there is no detectable
effect on health and quality of life due to the noise.
LOAEL – Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level
This is the level above which adverse effects on health and
quality of life can be detected”.
11.14 Paragraph 2.21 of the NPSE extends the concepts described above and leads to a
significant observed adverse effect level – SOAEL, which is defined as the level above
which significant effects on health and quality of life occur.
11.15 The NPSE states:
“it is not possible to have a single objective noise-based
measure that defines SOAEL that is applicable to all
sources of noise in all situations”. (Paragraph 2.22, NPSE,
March 2010).
11.16 Furthermore paragraph 2.22 of the NPSE acknowledges that:
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 5 December 2014
“further research is required to increase understanding of
what may constitute a significant adverse effect on health
and quality of life from noise”.
Local Planning Policy
South Cambridgeshire District Council Development Control DPD vi
11.17 South Cambridgeshire District Council (SCDC) is in the process of preparing a new Local
Plan which is expected to be adopted in late 2014.
11.18 Until the new Local Plan is adopted, the Local Development Framework (LDF) remains in
place. The LDF comprises a number of documents including the adopted Core Strategy
and the Development Control Policies DPD. Whilst the Core Strategy sets out the overall
approach to development in the District, a review of the Development Control Policies
DPD highlighted the following policy relevant to noise:
“NOISE POLICY NE/15 Noise Pollution
1. Planning permission will not be granted for
development which:
a. Has an unacceptable adverse impact on the
indoor and outdoor acoustic environment of
existing or planned development;
b. Has an unacceptable adverse impact on
countryside areas of tranquillity which are
important for wildlife and countryside
recreation; or
c. Would be subject to unacceptable noise levels
from existing noise sources, both ambient and
having regard to noise impulses whether
irregular or tone.
2. Conditions may be attached to any planning
permission to ensure adequate attenuation of noise
emissions or to control the noise at source.
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 6 December 2014
Consideration will be given to the increase in road
traffic that may arise due to the development and
conditions or Section 116 agreements may be used
to minimise such noise.
3. In particularly sensitive locations, business us
development may be restricted to office use only
(B1(a)).
4. Where a planning application for residential
development is near an existing noise source, the
applicant will be required to demonstrate that the
proposal would not be subject to an unacceptable
noise levels.
5. The District Council will seek to ensure that noise
from proposed commercial, industrial, recreational
noise, and that potentially noisy developments are
located in areas where noise will not be such an
important consideration or where its impact can be
minimised”.
South Cambridge District Council, March 2010 - District Design Guide (SPD)vii
11.19 Noise is referred to in Section 11.28 of this guidance with further explanation provided
in Appendix 6 Noise – Detailed Design Guidance. The appendix contains supplementary
design guidance for all aspects relating to noise and vibration including outdoor and
indoor noise levels standards and criteria, sound insulation requirements, and
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 7 December 2014
construction noise for example. This guidance does not reflect the current terminology
of the NPPF and NPSE, for example using LOAEL/SOAEL to determine effect levels for
assessment purposes. Where applicable the latest available standard and/or guidance
has been incorporated in to this assessment.
Guidance
11.20 The following guidance has been considered in the noise and vibration assessment. A
summary description of each standard can be found in Appendix 11.1.
British Standards Institution (2003) BS 7445-1-2003 – Description and
measurement of environmental noise. Guide to quantities and procedures. BSI,
London”.vii i
British Standards Institution, (2014). BS 4142:2014 – Methods for rating and
assessing industrial and commercial sound. BSI, London. ix
Berglund et al (1999) – Guidelines for Community Noise. Geneva, World Health
Organisation (WHO).x
British Standard (BS) 5228-1:2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and
vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 1: Noise” [BSI, 2014].xi
British Standard [BS] 5228-2: 2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and
vibration control on construction and open sites – Part 2: Vibration” (BSI,
2014).xii
Department of Transport, Welsh Office (1988). Calculation of Road Traffic Noise
HMSO, London.xiii
The Highways Agency (2011) Design Manual for Roads and Br idges, Volume 11,
Section 3, Part 7: Noise and Vibration. The Highways Agency.xiv
British Standard Institute (2014). BS8233: Guidance on sound insulation and
noise reduction for buildings. BSI, London. xv
British Standard 6472-1:2008 Guide to evaluation of human exposure to
vibration in buildings. Part 1: Vibration sources other than blasting, BSI .xvi
Education Funding Agency (2012). Acoustic Performance Standards For Priority
Schools Building Programme. Department for Education, London. xvii
British Council for Offices (2014). Guide to Specification 2014. BCO, London. xviii
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 8 December 2014
Assessment Methodology and Significance Criteria
11.21 This section describes the assessment methodology, including data collation,
consultation and effect assessment criteria that were used in the noise and vibration
assessment.
Consultation
11.22 This assessment has been informed by the Scoping Opinion issued by SCDC on 28 th
January 2014. Comments received from the Environmental Health Officer of SCDC were
taken into account in the noise assessment methodology provided in this chapter. On
attending the Site concerns over equipment security were identified. The Site was
considered to be ‘open land’ due to the public rights of way, the proximity to the college
in the centre, the industrial zone located towards the east and north-east and the
commercial zone at the A1198/A428 roundabout. On this basis the baseline noise survey
was adapted and comprised attended measurements of 1 hour duration during the
reference daytime period (07:00 to 23:00hrs) and 15 minutes duration during the
reference daytime period (23:00 to 07:00hrs). Attended measurements quantifying the
baseline ambient and the background noise climate were carried out at representative
locations throughout the daytime and night time periods.
Study Area
11.23 The Study Area for the noise and vibration assessment comprised the area immediately
adjacent to the Site, and is shown in Figure 11.1. The closest noise sensitive receptors
in each geographical direction were taken into account, on the basis that receptors
further from the Site will experience lower noise levels due to the increased separation
distance. The Study Area also comprises sections of thesurrounding road network
significantly affected by the development. The extent of the road network considered
for this assessment was dictated by the Transport Assessment data provided by Royal
HaskoningDHV (RHDHV).
11.24 The existing noise sensitive receptors located around the Site include residential
dwellings to the east and south (Lower Cambourne and Caxton respectively),
educational facilities at Cambourne Village College accessible via Sheepfold Lane, and
retail in the form of restaurants to the north-west near Caxton Gibbet. There are
industrial and commercial premises along Sheepfold Lane and located within the nearby
Cambourne Business Park to the north-east and east, additional industrial premises to
the centre in the form of Swansley Wood Farm, and to the north buildings close to the
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 9 December 2014
A428. The principle noise effects on these receptors will arise as a result of the
construction phase of the Site and from predicted increased traffic flows associated with
the development.
Construction
11.25 An assessment of noise and vibration effects has been undertaken based on the
information provided in Chapter 6- Construction Programme.
Construction Activities
11.26 Noise levels from the construction phase were calculated using the methods and
guidance in BS5228. This Standard provides methods for predicting receptor noise leve ls
from construction works, based on the number and type of construction plant and
activities operating on site with corrections to account for: the ‘on -time’ of the plant, as
a percentage of the assessment period; distance from source to receptor; acousti c
screening by barriers, buildings or topography; and ground type. The source noise
levels for each piece of plant equipment likely to be in operation during construction
were used as the basis for the calculation and were derived from Annex C of BS5228.
11.27 SoundPLAN noise modelling software was utilised to predict the noise from the
construction activity at existing sensitive receptors. The calculation method takes
account of air absorption, distance attenuation, barriers and topography, and light
downwind conditions from source to receptor. A three-dimensional model was created
using topographical data of the local area and plans and elevations of the Proposed
Development. The model incorporated the Proposed Development, nearby existing
residential dwellings, educational, industrial, leisure and auxiliary buildings; and the
surrounding local road network.
11.28 A list of typical construction plant and equipment associated with each key element of
the construction process and considered during the noise assessment was taken from
the Construction Plant table detailed within Chapter 6: Construction Programme and
reproduced as Table 11.1. The results were calculated as the dB LAeq,10h noise levels,
representing a conservative prediction of the noise level that might affect adjacent
receptors over the full period of one ten-hour day of construction activity.
11.29 The following assumptions were made:
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 10 December 2014
Construction activities will take place during typical day time construction hours
only;
For this assessment these were assumed to be 08:00 to 18:00 during weekdays,
08:00 to 13:00 on Saturday, no work on Sunday or Bank Holidays;
All ground at the Site was assumed to have anabsorption factor of 0.6;
otherwise roads were assumed to be acoustically hard and reflective, i.e.
concrete/tarmac and a +5dB adjustment included in the SoundPLAN noise model
using the ‘create ground effects from road surfaces’ function);
All noise emitting equipment was modelled as a point source and placed at
representative locations within the construction zones based on details provided
in Figure 6.1 – Phasing Plans;
The haul roads highlighted on Figure 6.1 – Phasing Plan were included in the
model and associated vehicle movements were based on details provided in
Chapter 6: Construction Programme;
Acoustic propagation effects were calculated using the BS5228 method; and
The ‘on-time’ for all plant was assumed to be 50% .
11.30 The types of plant proposed to be used during construction is presented in Table 6.2 of
Chapter 6 - Construction Programme. Based on experience of assessing similar projects
and to provide a conservative approach for the construction noise assessment, a list of
assumed plant and typical construction equipment used during a representative phase
are presented in Table 11.1.
Table 11.1: List of Assumed Plant for Construction Noise Assessment
Phase Plant / Activity BS5228
Reference No.
Noise level (dB LwA)
On-time (%)
Enabling Works
Tracked/wheeled 360 degree Excavators
C1.13 4 114 50
Excavator mounted hydraulic breakers
C5.1 4 116 50
Excavator mounted hydraulic crushers
C1.15 4 111 50
Dumpers C2.31 4 123 50
Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes
C8.20 Based on 100 two-way HGV trips per
day
76 n/a
Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes
SoundPLAN Source Noise
Library
Based on 170 two-way car or light vehicle
trips per day
56 n/a
1, 2, 3 Tracked/wheeled 360 degree Excavators
C1.13 8 114 50
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 11 December 2014
Phase Plant / Activity BS5228
Reference No.
Noise level (dB LwA)
On-time (%)
Mobile Craneage/Tower Cranes
C3.29 4 98 50
Dumpers C2.31 8 123
Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes
C8.20 Based on 100 two-way HGV trips per
day
76 n/a
Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes
SoundPLAN Source Noise
Library
Based on 170 two-way car or light vehicle
trips per day
56 n/a
4, 5, 6 Tracked/wheeled 360
degree Excavators
C1.13 4 114 50
Mobile Craneage/Tower Cranes
C3.29 2 98 50
Dumpers C2.31 4 123 50
Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes
C8.20 Based on 100 two-way HGV trips per
day
76 n/a
Construction Traffic Movements on Haul Routes
SoundPLAN Source Noise
Library
Based on 170 two-way car or light vehicle
trips per day
56 n/a
7 Tracked/wheeled 360 degree Excavators
C1.13 2 114 50
Mobile Craneage/Tower Cranes
C3.29 2 98 50
Dumpers C2.31 2 123 50
11.31 Predicted construction noise effects were assessed at the closest existing receptors to
the Site, and included groups of commercial, educational or residential receptors.
These noise sensitive receptors are highlighted in Table 11.2 and in Figure 11.2.
Table 11.2: Existing Construction Noise Receptor Locations
Receptor Number
Location X Y
CN1 Swansley Lane 531134 259847
CN2 Meadowsweet Close 531149 259745
CN3 Codling Walk 530932 259579
CN4 Woodfield Lane 530800 259452
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 12 December 2014
Receptor Number
Location X Y
CN5 School Lane 530890 259246
CN6 Brockholt Road 530329 258909
CN7 Swansley Wood Farm 530479 260195
CN8 Cambourne Village College 530998 259980
CN9 SCDC Offices 531379 260070
11.32 New noise sensitive receptors associated with each construction phase including the
proposed residential units and schools were also considered in accordance with the
phasing of the construction programme detailed in Figure 6.1 -Phasing Plans. These
new receptors were labelled according to the zoning identified on Figure 4.7 Parameters
Plan and are presented on Figure 11.3.
11.33 The predicted construction noise levels were assessed against noise limits derived from
advice within Annex E of BS 5228-1:2009+A1:2014. The Standard details the “ABC
method”, which specifies a construction noise limit based on the existing ambient noise
level. Table 11.3, reproduced from BS 5228, provides the criteria for selection of a
noise limit for a specific receptor location. To provide a conservative approach to the
assessment new noise sensitive receptors emerging due to the construction phasing of
the Development were considered as threshold category A.
Table 11.3: Construction Noise Threshold Levels Based on the ABC Method
(BS5228)
Assessment category and threshold value period
(LAeq)
Threshold value, in decibels (dB)
Category A A)
Category B B)
Category C C)
Night time (23.00 to 07.00) 45 50 55
Evening and weekends D) 55 60 65
Daytime (07.00 – 19.00) and Saturdays (07.00 - 13.00)
65 70 75
A) Category A: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are less than these values.
B) Category B: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are the same as category A values.
C) Category C: threshold values to use when ambient noise levels (when rounded to the nearest 5 dB) are higher than category A values.
D) 19.00–23.00 weekdays, 13.00–23.00 Saturdays and 07.00–23.00 Sundays.
11.34 The criteria for assessing the magnitude of predicted noise effects in relation to the
above construction noise thresholds, is detailed in Table 11.4.
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 13 December 2014
Table 11.4: Construction Noise Magnitude of Effect
Construction noise level (dB)A Magnitude of
Effect A) 65dB threshold B) 70dB threshold C) 75dB threshold
≤65 ≤70 ≤75 Negligible
>65 – ≤70 >70 – ≤75 >75 - ≤80 Minor
>70 – ≤75 >75 – ≤80 >80 - ≤85 Moderate
>75 >80 >85 Major
11.35 Table 11.5 shows the derived construction noise threshold level for each existing
construction noise receptor, based on the measured daytime ambient noise level at the
closest baseline monitoring location.
Table 11.5: Construction Noise Receptor Locations
Receptor Number
Nearest Baseline
Measurement Location
Description
Measured Daytime
ambient noise level
(dB LAeq)
Category
Daytime noise
threshold (dB LAeq)
CN1 M4 Swansley Lane 40.9 A 65
CN2 M4 Meadowsweet Close
40.9 A 65
CN3 M4 Codling Walk 40.9 A 65
CN4 M5 Woodfield Lane 40.9 A 65
CN5 M5 School Lane 55.1 A 65
CN6 M5 Brockholt Road 55.1 A 65
CN7 M3 Swansley Wood Farm
53.2 A 65
CN8 M4 Cambourne Village College
46.4 A 65
CN9 M8 SCDC Offices 46.4 A 65
Construction Related Vibration
11.36 Groundborne vibration can result from construction works and may lead to perceptible
levels of vibration within nearby properties, which at higher levels can cause annoyance
to residents. In extreme cases, cosmetic or structural building damage can occur,
however vibration levels have to be very high for this effect to be manifested and such
cases are rare.
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 14 December 2014
11.37 High vibration levels generally arise from ‘heavy’ construction works such as piling, deep
excavation, or dynamic ground compaction.
11.38 Annex E of British Standard BS 5228-2:2009+A1:2014 contains empirical formulae
derived by Hiller and Crabb (2000) from field measurements relating resultant peak
particle velocity (PPV) with a number of other parameters for vibratory compaction,
dynamic compaction, percussive and vibratory piling, the vibration of stone columns and
tunnel boring operations. These prediction equations a re based on the energy approach.
Use of these empirical formulae enables resultant PPV to be predicted and for some
activities (vibratory compaction, vibratory piling and vibrated stone columns) they can
provide an indicator of the probability of these levels of PPV being exceeded.
11.39 The empirical equations for predicting construction-related vibrations provide estimates
in terms of PPV, therefore the consequences of predicted levels in terms of human
perception and disturbance can be established through direct comparison with the BS
5228-2:2009+A1:2014 guidance vibration levels.
11.40 There is generally a separation distance of 50 metres between the closest potential
construction works and existing residential properties. Due to this separation distance it
is considered that vibration will not adversely affect receptors and has not been
assessed in further detail.
11.41 However it may be required once the exact construction phasing, equipment numbers,
location and types are determined for the development using the approach outlined
above to calculate the resultant vibration levels from heavy construction activities at the
sensitive receptors and identify any potential effect using the criteria detailed in
Table 11.6.
Table 11.6: Vibration Limits for Human Response
Vibration Limit, PPV
(mm/s) Interpreted Significance To HUMANS Effect Classification
≤0.14 Vibration unlikely to be perceptible None
0.14 to 0.3 Vibration might just be perceptible in the most sensitive situations for most vibration frequencies associated with construction
Negligible – Adverse
0.3 to 1.0 Vibration might just be perceptible in residential environments
Minor – Adverse
1.0 to ≤10.0 It is likely that vibration at this level in residential environments will cause complaint, but can be tolerated if prior warning and explanation has been given to residents
Moderate – Adverse
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 15 December 2014
Vibration Limit, PPV
(mm/s) Interpreted Significance To HUMANS Effect Classification
≥10 Vibration is likely to be intolerable for any more than a brief exposure to this level
Substantial - Adverse
Road Traffic Noise Assessment Methodology
11.42 Noise level increases due to increases in traffic volume and composition on surrounding
local roads were calculated in accordance with the methodology contained in Calculation
of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN). The significance of any predicted change in noise level
was then assessed in accordance with the criteria contained in the Design Manual for
Roads and Bridges (DMRB).
11.43 In accordance with the methodology contained in DMRB, Volume 11, Section 3, Chapter
3 an initial screening assessment was undertaken to assess whether there would be any
significant changes in traffic volumes as a result of the Proposed Development. Any
road links with a predicted increase in traffic volume of 25%, or a decrease of 20%,
were identified in the initial part of the assessment. Such changes in traffic volume
would correspond to a 1dB(A) change in noise level at the relevant road link, which is
regarded as imperceptible and therefore negligible with regard to effect significance. If
a development gives rise to traffic increases which are no greater than 25%, or
decreases no more than 20%, then guidance indicates that no further assessment needs
to be conducted (Highways Agency 2011).
11.44 Where road links were predicted to have an increase of greater than 25% or a decrease
of 20%, a noise level calculation should be undertaken following the procedure outlined
in CRTN.
11.45 The extent of the road network considered in the noise assessment was dictated by the
Transport Assessment provided by Royal HaskoningDHV the Transportation Consultants
for the project. Further details are provided in Chapter 9 - Transport and Access. The
transport study area was defined through scoping discussions and consultation with
SCDC and the HA on those roads and junctions that may experience a material increase
in traffic as a result of the development.
11.46 The Proposed Development will be phased, and therefore some parts of the Site will be
operational prior to 2028. However, baseline traffic flow data was not available for any
interim years at the time of this assessment and therefore only effects as a result of the
completed development, in 2028, were considered. This is a conservative approach as it
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 16 December 2014
considered the effect of the fully-built out Proposed Development on existing and
proposed receptors, accounting for traffic growth until 2028. Additional information is
provided in the limitations and assumptions section of this chapter.
The following dates were assumed in the traffic noise assessment:
2028 Base Flows;
2028 Base plus Development Flows.
11.47 Table 11.7 presents the 18-hour Annual Average Weekday Traffic (AAWT) flows, HGV
percentages and speeds used in the assessment which were provided by RHDHV, for the
following roads:
A1198 Ermine Street;
A1198 Caxton;
A1198 into Cambourne;
Cambourne Road North bound;
Cambourne Road South bound;
Broad Street;
School Lane;
A428;
Sheepfold Lane.
Table 11.7: Traffic Data Used in the Assessment
Road Link
2013 Base 2028 Without
Scheme 2028 With
Scheme
Speed (kph)
18-Hour AAWT Flow
% HGV
18-Hour AAWT Flow
% HGV 18-Hour
AAWT Flow
% HGV
A1198 Ermine Street 6,688 4.5 8,582 4.5 10,187 3.8 82
A1198 Caxton 2,244 2.3 2,879 2.3 2,879 2.3 56
A1198 into Cambourne 6,567 3.8 8,427 3.8 9,984 3.2 85
Distant road traffic noise audible. Approximately 5°C, windpseed <3.5m/s. No obvious plant noise, vehicle doors opening/closing in car park of industrial unit.
Road traffic noise approaching roundabout, along A1198 and along A428. Clunks from approaching HGVs. No noise from retail outlets.
M2 21/01/14
03:01 00:15:00 57.7 35.0 59.3 77.4
HGVs passing along A428, occasional clunks and bangs, tyre road surface noise. Occasional bird song, animal calls audible during lulls in traffic. Low level whine audible intermittently during lulls.
M3 21/01/14
01:50 00:15:00 41.8 31.2 45.9 53.3
Distant road traffic noise – “whooshing”. Vehicles accelerating. No plant noise from farm, storage depot.
M4 21/01/14
00:11 00:15:00 42.3 33.1 45.5 53.9
Distant road traffic noise, still, approximately 1°C. Sirens in distance.
M5 21/01/14
00:50 00:15:00 39.7 27.4 42.7 57.2
Distant road traffic noise, still, approximately 1°C.
Construction Not Significant Not Significant None required * Not Significant
Completed Development Permanent Negligible Measures included as part of a detailed planning application.
* * Not Significant
* Geographical Level of Importance
I = International; UK = United Kingdom; E = England; R = Regional; C = County; D =District; L = Local
West Cambourne Noise and Vibration
19102/A5/ES2014 Chapter 11 – Page 61 December 2014
References
i. Environmental Protection Act 1990. HMSO, London
ii . Control of Pollution Act 1974. HMSO, London ii i. Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) (2012) National Planning Policy
Framework. iv. Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), 2014. National Planning
Practice Guidance. v. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), 2010. Noise Policy
Statement for England vi. South Cambridgeshire District Council, Local Planning Policy: South Cambridgeshire District
Council’s (SCDC’s) – “Local Development Framework, Development Control Policies, Development Plan Document”, Adopted July 2007, July 2007.
vii. South Cambridgeshire District Council, District Design Guide (SPD), March 2010. vii i. British Standards Institution, (2003). BS 7445-1:2003 - Description and measurement of
environmental noise. Guide to quantities and procedures. BSI, London ix. BS4142:2014 - Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound, BSI,
2014. x. Berglund et al. (1999) - Guidelines for Community Noise. Geneva, World Health
Organisation (WHO) xi. British Standard [BS] 5228-1: 2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and vibration
control on construction and open sites – Part 1: Noise” (BSI, 2014) xii. British Standard [BS] 5228-2: 2009+A1:2014 “Code of practice for noise and vibration
control on construction and open sites – Part 2: Vibration” (BSI, 2014) xii i. Department of Transport, Welsh Office (1988). Calculation of Road Traffic Noise HMSO,
London xiv. The Highways Agency (2011) Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, Volume 11, Section 3,
Part 7:Noise and Vibration. The Highways Agency xv. British Standard Institute (2014). BS8233: Sound Insulation and Noise Reduction for
Buildings. British Standard Institute, London. xvi. British Standard 6472-1:2008 Guide to evaluation of human exposure to vibration in
buildings. Part 1: Vibration sources other than blasting, BSI, London. xvii. Education Funding Agency (2012) Acoustic Performance Standards For Priority Schools
Building Programme. Department for Education, London. xvii i. British Council for Offices (2014). Guide to Specification 2014. BCO, London. xix. British Standards Institution (2003). BS EN 61672-1:2003 Electroacoustics. Sound level
meters. Specifications. BSI, London. xx. British Standards Institution, (2003). BS 7445-2 Description and Measurement of
Environmental Noise: Guide to the Acquisition of Data Pertinent to Land Use. BSI, London.
Path:
Figure
Date Scale
Title
Client
Project
Figure 11.1
Study area and baseline noise measurementlocations