11 Urban Growth - INFLIBNETshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/15532/20/20_urban growth...Topic No . 11 URBAN GROWTH ... in the decade 1981 & it is declined in the decade 1991

Topic No . 11

URBAN GROWTH

Population is one of the main factors effecting on the land use of urban area. For

study of the urban growth to know about age & sex structure, population growth etc.

Because population growth is effect on the urban land use. Growing population rate

effect on the land use of Sawantwadi Town. This population trend shown in the table

no. 11.1

TABLE NO. 11.1

POPULATION & GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION.

Town Name 1981 Growth

rate 1991

Growth

rate 2001

Growth

rate

Malvan 17328 -1.43 17986 +3.80 18680 +3.90

Sawantwadi 18671 +10.7 21305 +14.1 22901 +7.5

Vengurla 12339 +4.5 12257 -0.7 12471 +1.7

FIG. NO. 11.1

GROWTH RATE OF POPULATION

Table no. 11.1 and Fig. No. 11.1 shows the population & growth rate of

Sindhudurg urban area. In the decade 1991 population of Malvan town is 17328

persons & growth rate of population is decreased by -1.43. In the decade 1991

population is increased i.e. 17986 persons so, growth rate is increase by 3.80 & in the

decade 2001 again population is increased by 18680 persons. In the Sawantwadi town

population is increased in all three decades. In the decade 1991 growth rate of

population is high compare to decade 1981 & 2001 i.e. +14.1. In the decade 2001

growth rate is low compare to decade 1981 & 1991 i.e. +7.5. In the Vengurla town

population is 12339 in the decade 1981 & its growth rate is +4.5. In the decade 1991

population is decreased by 12257 persons so, growth rate is -0.7. In the decade 2001

population is slightly increased i.e. 12471 & its growth rate is +1.7.

In all the three towns’ growth rate of population is low. Compare to Malvan &

Vengurla town growth rate of Sawantwadi town is high & population is increased in

three decades.

The concept of population density is related to the number of people to the space

occupied by them, is one of the most intriguing & most hazardous correlations

employed by geographers. The density of population is as it were the synthesis of all

the geographical phenomena; it expresses eloquently the manner in which man has

taken advantage of the land he occupies. (Spatte, O.H.K. and Learmonth, A.T.A.

(1967): India and Pakistan, p.p. 121-122.)

TABLE NO. 11.2

DENSITY OF POPULATION

Name of the Town 1981 1991 2001

Malvan 2666 2869 2979

Sawantwadi 3395 3142 3378

Vengurla 951 944 961

FIG. NO. 11.2

DENSITY OF POPULATION

Table no. 11.2 and Fig. No. 11.2 shows the density of population of towns in

Sindhudurg district. In the Malvan town density of population is increased in all the

three decades i.e. 2666 in decade 1981, 2869 in the decade 1991 & 2979 in the decade

2001. In the Sawantwadi town density of population is 3395 in decade 1981 & in the

decade 1991 it is decreased by -253. In the decade 2001 density of population is again

increased by 236. In the Vengurla town density of population in decade 1981 is 951 &

its decreased in the decade 1991 i.e. 944. In the decade 2001 density is increased i.e.

961. In Vengurla town density of population is low & its growth also very low.

Comparison of the three town’s density of population is maximum in the

Sawantwadi town & minimum density is noted in the Vengurla town. In the decade

1991 density of population is decreased in Sawantwadi & Vengurla town but, in the

Malvan town in this decade density of population is increased.

An examination of male-female distribution offers an insight into the process &

patterns of the trends of population growth. Analysis of the sex composition of Malvan,

Sawantwadi & Vengurla town is of vital importance as if not only indicates the future

population growth but also the growth of urbanization. The sex ratio needs special

mention for it is one of the related aspects of the socio-economic characteristics of the

towns. It plays pivotal role in assessing the reproductive performance, mortality,

occupational structure & the migratory character of the population. (Mishra H.N. (1980):

Urban system of developing Economy, Heritage publishers, New Delhi. P.153)

TABLE NO. 11.3

SEX RATIO

Name of the Town 1981 1991 2001

Malvan 1126 1030 967

Sawantwadi 987 974 984

Vengurla 1026 1035 1024

FIG. NO. 11.3

SEX RATIO

In the decade 1981 sex ratio of the Malvan town is 1126 & it has decreased

females per males in 1991 i.e. 1030. In the decade 2001 sex ratio of Malvan town is

again decreased from 967 females per males. In the Sawantwadi town sex ratio is 987

in the decade 1981 & it is declined in the decade 1991 i.e. 974 females per males. In

the decade 2001 it is again increased i.e. 984. Changing the sex ratio rate is very low.

In the Vengurla town sex ratio is 1026 in the decade 1981 & it is increased in the

850

900

950

1000

1050

1100

1150

Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla

1981

1991

2001

decade 1991 i.e. 1035. In the decade 2001 sex ratio is declined from 1024 females per

males. Table No.11.3 and Fig. No. 11.3

Comparison in the three town’s sex ratio is low in the Sawantwadi town & in the

Malvan & Vengurla town sex ratio is high. It is interesting to note that in the Malvan

town sex ratio is continuously declined & in the decade 2001 there is low sex ratio.

TABLE NO. 11.4

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS

Name of the Town 1991 2001

Malvan 4067 4234

Sawantwadi 4582 5186

Vengurla 2786 2916

FIG. NO. 11.4

NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS

In the decade 1991 Malvan town having 4067 households & it is increased in the

decade by 167 households. In the Sawantwadi town 4582 households are in the

decade 1991 & in the 2001 there are 5186 households’ i.e. it is increased by 604. In the

Vengurla town 2786 households are found in the decade 1991 & in the decade 2001 it

is increased up to 2916 households.

In the Sawantwadi town maximum households are found compare to the Malvan

& Vengurla town. In the Vengurla town very low households are noted. In all the towns

households are increased. Table No. 11.4 and Fig.No. 11.4

Growth of social facilities.

Road whether “pucca” or “kachcha” are the nervous system of a district. They

act as a pull factor for the development & up-liftmen of the area. Roads with cement

concrete, black top, water bound macadam etc. come under pucca road & the

remaining are treated as kachcha road.

TABLE NO. 11. 5

ROAD LENGTH IN KM

Name of the

Town

1991 2001

Pucca Road Kachcha Road Pucca Road Kachcha Road

Malvan 28.56 0.87 28.90 5.20

Sawantwadi 30.56 7.90 30.60 7.90

Vengurla 21.57 2.43 23.90 2.80

The length of roads in the towns is shown in the table no. 10.5. In the decade

1991 Malvan town has 28.56 km. pucca road & 0.87 km. kachcha road. In the decade

2001 pucca road length is slightly increased i.e. 0.34 km. increased. Road length of

kachcha road is increased i.e. 5.20 km. In the Sawantwadi Town road length of pucca

road is 30.56km. In the decade 1991 & it is very slightly increased in the decade i.e.

0.4km. Kachcha road length is 7.90km. In the decade 1991 & it is not change in the

decade 2001. In the Vengurla town 21.57km pucca road are found in the decade 1991

& it is increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 23.90km. Pucca road is 2.43 km in the decade

1991 & it is change in decade 2001 i.e. 2.80km.

In the Sawantwadi town maximum pucca road is found & in the Vengurla tow

minimum pucca road are found. Maximum kachcha road length is also found in the

Sawantwadi town.

TABLE NO. 11.6

ELECTRIFICATION NO. OF CONNECTIONS

Town Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla

Decade 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001

Domestic 2918 3749 2978 5130 2085 2614

Industrial 83 88 106 73 56 57

Commercial 592 584 954 1160 470 490

Road

lighting

points

1257 1503 955 1400 1003 1106

Other 269 424 16 23 140 222

All the Towns having 100% power supply facility. Electricity for all purposes is

available in all the towns. In the decade 1991 Malvan town have 2918 electricity

connections for domestic use, 83 connections for industrial use, 592 connections for

commercial use & 269 connections for other use. 1257 road lighting points are noted.

In the decade 2001 all the purpose no. of connections are increased, except

commercial purpose. It is decreased in the decade2001. In the Sawantwadi town

2978 domestic connections are found in the decade 1991, industrial connections are

106,commercial connections are 954 & 955 road lighting points are available. In the

decade 2001 domestic connections are increased by 2152, commercial connections are

increased by 206; road lighting points are increased by 445. But the industrial

connections are decreased by 33 connections. In the Vengurla town 2085 domestic

connections are found in the decade 1991. Industrial connections are 56; commercial

470, other 140 & road lighting points are 1003. In the decade 2001 domestic use of

electricity is increased by 529, commercial use is increased by 20 & road lighting points

are increased by 103. Industrial use is not more increased in the decade 2001. Table

No. 11.6

TABLE NO. 11.7

TOTAL NO. OF LATRINES FACILITY

Name of the Town 1991 2001

Malvan 746 2058

Sawantwadi 630 760

Vengurla 307 1403

FIG. NO. 11.5

TOTAL NO. OF LATRINES FACILITY

In the Malvan town facility of latrine is 746 in the decade 1991 & it is increased in

the decade 2001 i.e. 1312. In the Sawantwadi town 630 latrines facility are available &

it is slightly increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 760. In the Vengurla town 307 latrines

facility which are increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 1403.

Maximum latrines facilities are found in the Malvan town & here increasing

growth is also more than the other towns. In the Sawantwadi town minimum latrines

facilities are found & increasing growth is less than other towns. Table No. 10.7 and

Fig. No. 11.5

TABLE NO. 11.8

MEDICAL FACILITY

In the decade 1991 Malvan town has 1 hospital, 11 dispensaries 1 TB center, 1

family planning center & 1 Nursing home is found. In the 2001 2 new hospitals are

formed & 2 dispensaries are decreased. No.; of beds in the hospitals are 81 which are

not changed. In the Sawantwadi town 1 hospital, 1 ayurvedic hospital, 2 family planning

centers are found. In the decade these facilities are as it is found, there is no change.

In the Vengurla town 2 hospitals, 1 family planning center & 1 TB center are found in the

decade 1991. In the decade 2001 there is 1 new hospital is formed. IN these hospitals

165 no. of beds are found which are increased up to 192.

In the Sawantwadi town no. of hospitals are less other than Malvan & Vengurla

town but, no. of beds are more than other. Table No. 11.8

Name of the

Town

1991 No.of

Beds

2001 No.of

Beds

Malvan H(1),D(11),TB(1),F

PC(1),NH(1)

81 H(3),D(9),FPC(1),TB

(1),HC(1),NH(1)

81

Sawantwadi H(1),AH(1),D(1),DA

(1),FPC(2), O(1)

246 H(1),AH(1),D(1),DA(

1),FPC(2)

244

Vengurla H(2),FPC(1),TB(1) 165 H(3),FPC(1) 192

TABLE NO. 11.9

EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

Town Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla

Decade 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001

Degree

college

AC(1) AC(1) ASC(1) ASC(1) AC(1) ASC(1)

Jr.college 3 2 2 3 1 1

Secondary

school

10 10 8 8 5 5

Primary 21 21 17 21 12 12

Other 1 1 2

In the Malvan town both the decades education facilities are same i.e. no change

in this facility. Only one Jr. College is decreased. In the Sawantwadi town degree

college, Jr. College & secondary schools are as it is in the both decades. Primary

schools are increased by 4. In the Vengurla town also no change in educational facility.

On an average each town has 1 arts & Commerce College.

Sawantwadi Town has 1 Ayurvedic medical college, Vengurla town has 1

Homiopathic college & Malvan town has 1 technical college. Table No. 11.9

ECONOMICAL FACTORS

TABLE NO. 11.10

Municipal Finance

Town Receipt Expenditure

1991 2001 1991 2001

Malvan 6589200 1433900 6511300 1433900

Sawantwadi 6061000 2343700 5053700 2159300

Vengurla 3576300 1527600 2848200 1527600

Table no. 11.10 gives per capita receipts & expenditure for each town in the Sindhudurg

district. Per capita receipts for each town received through local taxes & receipt from all

other sources. Total expenditure is spent on general administration, on public health,

on public work, on public institution & on other aspects.

TABLE NO. 11.11

BANKING FACILITIES

Town Malvan Sawantwadi Vengurla

Decade 1991 2001 1991 2001 1991 2001

No.of

Banks 7 10 7 8 7 7

No.of

Agri.soci. 1 1 1 1 1 1

No.of non

Agri.soci. 1 3 10 46 4 4

Malvan, Sawantwadi, Vengurla being the important trade centers. The State

Bank of India works for the treasury for the district. In the decade 1991 Malvan town

has 7 banks which are increased in the decade 2001 i.e. 10. No. of non agri. Soci. Is 1

& it is increase up to 3. In the Sawantwadi town 7 no. of banks in the decade 1991 & its

increase 1 bank in the decade 2001. No. of non agri.soci. Are 10 in the decade 1991 &

its more increase up to 46. In the Vengurla town 7 banks, 1 agri. Soci & 4 non agri.soci.

Found in the decade 1991 & in the decade 2001 there is no change. Table No. 11.11

In the each town has 1 agri. Soci. Here mainly notable that non agri. Soci. Are

increased in maximum no. in Sawantwadi town

GROWTH IN TOURISAM

Government of India declared Sindhudurg District as a ‘District of Tourism’ in

1997 and then onwards it has been flourishing simultaneously on the world level

through the different dimensions. The various tourism sport as well as the facilities and

services available in the cities can certainly play a vital role for the development of the

tourism in this district.

Considering this tourisam factor, it becomes essential to study the growth and

the characteristic of the population of these three cities – Vengurla, Malvan and

Sawantwadi.

SAWANTWADI

Moti Talav - This pearl-lake formed like an open oyster under the sun that lies in front of

the royal palace. Built in the era of the then King Khem Sawant Bhonsale III (1755-

1803), the palace buildings which are still in pretty good condition possess the rustic

beauty of Maharashtra's wadis uplifted by regal proportions. This scenic lake is situated

the centre of the town. With walkways and designer lamp-posts all round, it makes

evenings very beautiful.

Situated at the periphery of Sawantwadi town is the Moti Talav, which is called the

majestic beauty spot. This graceful lake with a newly renovated garden nearby

summons the mortals with divine elegance and imperial diktat. The pearly lake

surrounded by emerald hills and girdled by mango and palm trees, is one of the popular

spot for boating and water sport activities. Many locals also find it an ideal destination

for jogging or just gazing into the mist blue water (Photo No. 3)

Ubha Bazar- It is a bazar in sawantwadi famous for wooden toys. (Photo No. 2)

Shilpa Gram Shilpgram is developed to revive the arts and crafts in this region. It is a

major Arts and crafts village where local manufacturers will manufacture handicraft.

Tourists will be able to watch them manufacturing crafts and will also to purchase them.

Besides this an amphitheatre for performing local arts and lakeside accommodation is

also being developed by Maharashtra Tourism (M.T.D.C.)This town is extremely scenic

with the lake (Moti Talav) right in the middle, surrounded by small lanes. The whole

town is surrounded by mountains on all sides, which gives it an enigmatic view. (Photo

No. 1)

Heritage places in Sawantwadi(5)

Chitarali

Chitarali is a place where you can buy wooden toys and other handicraft items such as

Ganjifa cards, jewellery boxes, traditional lacquer ware, bamboo craft, earthen pottery,

hand-knit bags and purses. (Photo No. 2)

Shilpgram

Shilpgram is a village of crafts where local manufacturers make and sell handicraft

items such as Ganjifa cards, jewelry boxes, traditional lacquer ware, bamboo craft,

earthen pottery, hand-knit bags and purses

The Royal Palace

The Royal Palace of Sawantwadi (also known as the Sawantwadi Palace) is one of the

major tourist attractions of the town. Built by Khem Sawant Bhonsle, the ruler of this

region during 1755-1803. Entry gate (Lester gate) was built in 1895.The bricked brown

walls of the palace have a very ethnic touch to it. Wonderfully carved rooms, war

weapons and verdant environs inspire you to flip through your history books once again.

Another specialty of the palace is the wonderful arts and crafts that are developed here.

The walls of the palace are neatly plastered with old photographs, which make your

sauntering around a very knowledgeable experience. The Queen of the royal Sawant

Bhonsle family still lives in the palace and humbly shares interesting anecdotes with

visitors on selected days. (Photo No. 4)

Religious places in Sawantwadi(1)

Vitthal temple

The Vitthal temple is a place of great devotion for the entire city of Sawantwadi. Its 130

feet crest enchants the public and is visible from all the corners of the city. Devotees

from all over the country come to visit this neatly designed temple. (Photo No. 5)

Jagannathrao Bhonsle Garden

It is located at Sawantwadi in Sindhudurg District. It is a major recreation center in the

town and attracts scores of tourists. The garden is bordered by a lake in the south.

Narendra hills

Narendra hills is situated in Sawantwadi which comprises of land having a very diverse

forest which is a good sunrise and sunset point. The place also consists of the

Narendra Van Udyan which is a garden atop and an ideal destination for picnics.

MALVAN TOWN

Chivala beach

This a beautiful stretch of clean sands and clear waters bordering Malvantown from

North West. It is a very small, calm, serene and safe beach , with minimum crowd. The

beautiful “Rock Garden” is located to extreme left side of the Chivala Beach. There are

many beachside home stay accommodations and hotels, which are very popular

among tourists. “VasantiNiwas ” is one such house located near the beautiful Chivala

Beach , giving the perfect home stay experience. It is a perfect spot to laze around and

an excellent spot for morning and evening – walkers (Photo No. 6)

Jai Ganesh temple(Medha : Malvan)

Jai Ganesh temple, just half a kilometer from Malvan city, is a unique piece of modern,

cultural, architecture, built byJayantraoSalgaonkar a famous Maharashtrian astrologer

who renovated his old family house and transformed it into this grandGaneshTemple, as

a memoire of his mother. The temple is named JAY GANESH, as the devotees are

believed to be very successful in life. Inside the sanctum dome, are inscribed eight

traditional idols of Lord Ganpati. The idols of Lord Ganpati along with Riddhi& Siddhi

are gold plated. The influence of Vedic tradition is experienced in the calm and

beautiful natural surroundings of the temple. In addition to the eight famous Ganpati

Temples (Ashta-Vinayak) this Jai Ganesh at Malvan might be called ‘Ninth Ganpati’

inMaharashtra. (Photo No. 10)

Sindhudurg sea fort (Ocean Fort 1.5 km from Malvan)

This huge and historically famous sea-fort was built by King ShivajiMaharaj on the

island of ‘Kurate’ in 1664, The foundation – stone ceremony was performed on 25th

Nov. 1664, not actually on the island but at a place named as ‘MorayachaDhonda’

atDandiBeach-Malavan (2 Km from Malvan). This sea-`fort was constructed to keep a

watch on coastal Naval movements of the period. The Main entrance gate is in the

east, built in snaky, Zigzag pathway, so as not to be seen by the enemy. The Main gate

(Mahadwar) is 9ft. High and 3.5ft. Broad. The fort is Spread in the vicinity of 48 acres

with 2.5 km long rampart walls, 50 observation towers and semi-circular bastions.

There is a main flag-pole on the highest bastion. It took three and half years for the

completion of the construction work of Sindhudurg (on 27th March 1667) Some

uncommon wonders of nature are seen inside the fort. There is a coconut tree having

two branches in front of the main entrance. Sweet drinking water is provided by 3 wells

Sakharbav, Dudhbav and Dahibav along with a tank for storing rain-water. There are

temples of Shivarajesjwar, Hanuman, Mahadev, Bhavani and Jarimarishrines. Wooden

machine boats are used for transportation service. Millions of Indian and foreign

Tourists visit this fort every year. You can enjoy a bird’s eye view of the panoromical

beauty of Malvan-from Tarkarli to Devbaug Sea Beaches. (Photo No. 7)

Rock garden

The tourism department has provided a beautiful Rock Garden just near Malvan (1km)

which is famous as the unique of its kind inIndia. This rock garden is rich with colourful,

decorative flower-trees and sea weed, attractive pathways, greeneries, beautiful pond,

rare curtles, artificially created misty atmosphere and so on. (Photo No. 9)

Snorkeling

There are two kinds of viewing the wonders of the sea water- Snorkeling and Scuba –

Diving. For snorkeling, experienced guides take you to the depth of the sea. But in

stead of reaching bottom they provide you with a special Snorkeling – Mask. You can

hold the pipe of the mask in mouth and float along sea-waters and see the wonders at

the sea-bottom. The guides also inform you about other details such as sea-life, whale-

watching and so on. (Photo No. 8)

Scuba diving

Scuba Diving is a wondrous (thrilling) experience of watching deep secrets of the sea,

where scuba-guides take you safely.

Vengurla is famous for its temples like Rameshwar, Purvas, Gawadeshwar, Rawalnath,

Bhutnath, Vetoba, SateriMandir (Parabwada), Mansishwar, Sagareshwar, Saimandir

(Vengurla S.T. Stand), Marutimandir (near bus stop), MarutiMandir (khardekar road),

MarutiMandir(on the hill), MarutiMandir (kubalwad), Ganesh Mandir (old S T stand),

DnyaeshwarMandir, Pateshwar, EkmukhiDuttmandir (kubalwada), DuttMandir

(vengurlabazzar), VitthalMandir (Bhujnakwadi), VitthalMandir (Dabhoswada),

VitthalMandir (Nathpai road), Ram Mandir (Kubalwada), Ram Mandir(nathpai road),

Ram Mandir (near Rameshwar), Swami Samarth Mandir (khyalgiri-Camp),

BharadiMandir, Narayan Mandir.B(Photo No. 13)

Vengurla is recognized for its beaches. Vayanganibeach,Sagareshwar beach, Mondovi

beach are well-known beaches. (Photo No. 12 )

Dutch Factory

In 1638 the Dutch had a trade settlement at Vengurla, where they victualled their ships

during their eight months' blockade of Goa. A small British factory was established at

Vengurlasome time before 1772. In 1812 the town was ceded to the British by the Ran!

ofSavantvadi.

Town Library (General library)

General library established in 1871. Renamed as "Nagar Vachanalay" in 1935 .Very

popular library in the district. Famed personalities like V.S. Khandekar, P.K.Atre are

visited this library.

Crawford Market

Tower Build in 1876 by British Engineers. There are 3 markets build in India like this

market. Remaining two are in Kolkata and Mumbai. Different types of fruits, vegetables,

fishes and village products are available here for shopping.

Vengurla Port

Vengurla is a large town, and historic port situated half a league from the sea, in the

kingdom of Bijapur. It has one of the best anchorages in all India, and the Dutch always

came there for supplies when they blockaded Goa

Light House

Established in 1869 on Latitude: 15° 51 Min. 12 Sec and Longitude: 73° 37 Min. 0 Sec.

having Tower Height: 43 and Height of Focal Plane: 269 . Now it under control of central

Government. Photo No. 11 )

Vengurla Regional Fruit Research Center Vengurla,