11 NETWORKING BASICS Chapter 1. Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS2 LANS, WANS, AND MANS Three main networking technologies are used to connect computers.

11

NETWORKING BASICS

Chapter 1

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 2

LANS, WANS, AND MANS

Three main networking technologies are used to connect computers and networks together: Local area network (LAN)

Wide area network (WAN)

Metropolitan area network (MAN)

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 3

LAN

Used to network computers located in a limited geographical area such as a room, floor, or building

Has three main attributes Topology: bus, star, and ring

Medium: copper, fiber, and wireless

Protocols

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 4

EXAMPLE OF A LAN

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 5

WAN

Spans a large geographic area

Defined as an internetwork (private or public) that connects many LANs

Uses routers and usually point-to-point links

Examples of WANs The Internet

Private global enterprise networks

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 6

EXAMPLE OF A WAN

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 7

PROTOCOLS AND SERVICES

Facilitate communication between two networked devices

Perform data encapsulation

Provide a common language to communicating devices

Provide either connectionless or connection-oriented services

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 8

CONNECTIONLESS VS. CONNECTION-ORIENTED

Connectionless protocols Do not require a connection

Have very little overhead

Are fast and unreliable

Connection-oriented protocols Require a connection

Require more overhead

Are slower and very reliable

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 9

PHYSICAL LAYER TRANSMISSION

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 10

NETWORK LAYER ADDRESSING

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 11

ROUTING

Chapter 1: NETWORKING BASICS 12

SUMMARY

LANs, WANs, and MANs allow groups of computers to share information.

Signaling protocols are used to transmit data as 1s and 0s.

Protocols provide a common language for communication hosts.