10.coconut varities in the world 9.cherries varities in the world By Allah Dad Khan

Coconut Varities in The World

By Allah Dad Khan

Tall Varities of Coconut

Tall Varieties:

• It is extensively cultivated in ail the coconut tracts of the world. It has long and stout trunk with a swollen base called as 'bole'. This variety grows to the height of about 15 to 18 m the crown will have 35 to 40 fronds and the length of full open frond will be about 6m .It is comparatively hardy late bearing and lives up to 80 to 90 years. It tolerates diverse soil and climatic conditions and bears fruits in seven to ten years under rain fed conditions. The copra, oil and fiber of this variety are of good quality. The nut matures within a period of 12 months after pollination

West Coast Tall • West Coast Tall:• Other Name: Ordinary or Common Tall Variety• Soil: WCT palm grows in all type of soil,

especially grow well in littoral sand as well as in the interior and is somewhat tolerant to moisture stress in the soil

• Time take for bearing: 6 to 7 years• Average Yield: 80 nuts / palm / year• Copra content: 176 gram/ nut, the range

between 135 and 200 gram• Oil content: 68 per cent• Special Features: It is recommended for large

scale cultivation in coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Gujarat, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Lakshadweep, Orissa and Tripura. The tree also yields, on tapping, good quantity and quality of coconut juice or toddy which can be fermented or converted into jaggery or sugar. It can prefer for both edible purpose and soap manufacture.

East Coast Tall• East Coast Tall:• Soil: Well drained deep sandy loam,

alluvial and red loamy soils are ideal• Time take for bearing: 6 to 8 years• Average Yield: 70 nuts / palm / year• Copra content: 125 gram / nut, the

range between 100 and 140 gram• Oil Content: 64 per cent• Special Features: It is recommended

for large scale cultivation in coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Pondicherry, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Andamans and West Bengal. The nuts are smaller than West Coast Tall

Chandrakalpa or Lakshadweep ordinary (LCT)

• Chandrakalpa or Lakshadweep Ordinary (LCT):

• Soil: The palm grows in all types of soil and it can withstand moisture stress

• Time take for bearing: 5 to 6 years

• Average Yield: 100 nuts / palm / year

• Copra content: 176 gram / nuts

• Oil content: 72 per cent

http://www.agritech.tnau.ac.in/expert_system/coconut/coconut/coconut_varieties.html


Philipines ordinary ( Kerachandra)• Philippines Ordinary

(Kerachandra):• Soil: The palm grows in all types

of soil.• Time take for bearing: 5 years• Average Yield: 110 nuts / palm /

year• Copra Content: 198 gram / nut• Oil Content: 66 per cent• Special Features: This cultivar was

released by CPCRI as a ‘National Variety’ during 1995 for commercial cultivation in all states

VPM -3( Adaman Ordinary)

• VPM – 3 or Andaman Ordinary:



• Copra content: 176 gram / nut


Alivar Nagar -1

• Aliyar Nagar 1 or ALR (CN) 1:

• Time take for bearing: 5 years



• Oil content: 66.5 per cent

Tiptur tall

• Tiptur Tall (TPT):• Time take for bearing: 6

to 7 years• Average Yield: 86 nuts /

palm / year• Copra content: 178

gram / nut• Oil content: 68 per cent

Kera saqara ( Seychelles)• Other Name: Ordinary or Common Tall Variety• Soil: WCT palm grows in all type of soil,

especially grow well in littoral sand as well as in the interior and is somewhat tolerant to moisture stress in the soil

• Time take for bearing: 6 to 7 years• Average Yield: 80 nuts / palm / year• Copra content: 176 gram/ nut, the range

between 135 and 200 gram• Oil content: 68 per cent• Special Features: It is recommended for large

scale cultivation in coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Gujarat, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Lakshadweep, Orissa and Tripura. The tree also yields, on tapping, good quantity and quality of coconut juice or toddy which can be fermented or converted into jaggery or sugar. It can prefer for both edible purpose and soap manufacture.

Dwarf Varities of Coconut

Dwarf varities • Dwarf varieties occur in most of the coconut growing countries. This

variety is characterized by its short statute and earliness in bearing, generally autogamous or self pollinating. Trunk is thin without swollen bole. Full developed fords rarely exceeds 4 m. under hormai conditions, the palm starts flowering in about 3 to 4 years. Fuli grown tree rarely exceeds .5 m height. It yields heavily but, irregular in bearing. Economic, bearing age is up to 25 years of late, the dwarf variety received much attention in India' and else where because of its use as a parent in evolving high yielding hybrids. The Malayan dwarf one of the important dwarf type in the world is reported to be resistant to devastating lethal yellowing disease in 'Jamaica'. In India, 2 important dwarf types commonly found are (i). Chowghat dwarf green and (ii) Ghowchat dwarf orange.

Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD)

• Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD):







Chowghat Green Dwarf (CGD)



• Copra content: 60 gram / nut• Oil content: 66 per cent• Special Features: The leaf

petioles, leaves and nuts are dark green in colour. The nuts have the characteristic ‘beak’ when fully mature. Root wilt disease tolerant variety.



Hybrid Varities of Coconut

Hybrid Palms

• The manifestation of hybrid, vigour or heterosis, in perennial crops like / coconut was first reported in 1932 in inter-varietal crosses involving the tall variety as the female and dwarf variety as male. The seedling exhibited hybrid vigor. The seedlings from hybrid nut had rapid growth with a higher rate of leaf production, short preparing period high bearing capacity and economic nut characters. The inter-varietal hybrid produced for the commercial planting are the tall x dwarf and Dwarf x tall.

Chandralaksha (LCT x COD):

• Selection from: Lakshadweep Ordinary x Chowghat Orange Dwarf

• Time take for bearing: 4 to 5years• Average Yield: 109 nuts / palm / year• Copra content: 195 gram / nut• Oil content: 69 per cent

VHC 1(ECT x MGD):

• Selection from: East Coast Tall x Malayan Green Dwarf





VHC 2 (ECT x MYD):

• Selection from: East Coast Tall x Malayan Yellow Dwarf





VHC 3 (ECT x MOD):

• Selection from: East Coast Tall x Malayan Orange Dwarf





Kerasoubhagya (WCT x SSAT):

• Selection from: West Coast Tall x Strait Settlement Apricot Tall

• Time take for bearing: 5years




Anandaganga (ADOT x GBGD):

• Selection from: Andaman Ordinary x Gangabondam Green Dwarf

• Time take for bearing: 5years




Keraganga (WCT x GBGD):

• Selection from: West Coast Tall x Gangabondam Green Dwarf

• Time take for bearing: 4 to 5years



• Oil content: 69 per cen

Other Varities of Coconut

"Coco de mar"

• (Lodoicea maldivica): It is an enormous coconut of almost 25 kg of weight. Native to the archipelago of the Seychelles and other islands on the Madagascar coast. Its size triples that of an average coconut.

Corozo corojó

• " (Bactris minor): The palm of this variety reaches 30 m high. The leaves draw an elegant arc. It spreads all along the tropical strip of Panama to the western Indian coast, up to Colombia and Venezuela. This fruit does not exceed 4 cm long and is covered by a white skin. The juice is the best part of it.

"Palmira’ • (Borassus flabellifer): Native to

Asia and at present it is mainly cultivated in the north of Malaysia and India. It is a round, slightly flat-topped fruit, and it is quite easy to remove the skin that covers it. Inside the fruit there is a white pulp with three seeds and a little of water, depending on the maturation degree. From the crushed pulp, strained off through a linen cloth, we obtain a delicious drink.

"Salaca• ’ (Salacca edulis): Original from the south-

east of Asia and cultivated in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. The palm rises up to 5 m from the ground and has a large crown formed by branches that reach up to 7 m long. The fruit is rounded or oval and the size of a large fig. The scale-like skin resembles a tile roof, it is hard and thin at the same time and of a white or dark reddish tone, according to the variety. The pulp has a bittersweet taste and is slightly astringent, specially if it is slightly unripe. It is divided in three "segments’ covered by a membrane of waxy texture, inside which is a brown and oval bone or seed which is not edible. The ripe fruit is kept for few days in a fresh place, although if they are left soaking with the rind in water with salt and sugar, they will last for weeks.

Coconut from the Indies" • " (Cocos nucifera): It is the

most well-known coco palm fruit (the so-called coconut palm). It comes from the tropical Melanesia, an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. At present, the coconut palm has become one of the main crops in the tropical countries. The coconut weighs around 2.5 kg and in fact it is a fruit clustered in drupes.

King coconut• "" (Cocos nucifera var. aurantiaca):

This golden or orange variety is sometimes called "coconut for drinking" because it contains a much more aromatic and refreshing milk than normal coconuts. However, the pulp is scarce. The rind is not so hard and it is easily opened. The palm reaches 30 m high and has long branches. The trunk is very elastic and the golden fruit hangs in great clusters of approximately 20 nuts or coconuts. A tree bears around 60 coconuts a year. It is highly appreciated for its "milk’, the name given to the water found inside coconuts

10.coconut varities in the world 9.cherries varities in the world By Allah Dad Khan

Education

gram oil content

gram nuts oil content

nuts palm year copra

gram nut oil content

soil time

years average yield

common tall variety

tall varieties