109 Use Of Fem In Composites Presentation 1

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Brief Description of the Finite Element Method (FEM)♦ The use of FEM at the concept design stage♦ Detailed design using FEM♦ Laminate Optimization - Cost reduction and reverse

engineering♦ Failure Analysis using FEM♦ Design Verification - Client review of design and 3rd

party inspection

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Comparison between theory and FEM predictions for the longitudinal stress resultant in a GRP road tanker subjected to uniform internal pressure

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Comparison between theory and FEM predictions for the circumferential stress resultant in a GRP road tanker subjected to uniform internal pressure

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM model of the one half of the helicopter composite axle, with different materials assigned to each band

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM plot showing the stress in the outer longitudinal layer as a result of the crash load case

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Variation of thickness along the length of the helicopter composite axle (centreline on the left)

HELICOPTER COMPOSITE AXLELOADCASE CRASH 9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00

SPANWISE STATION (-Y)

TO

TA

L T

HIC

KN

ES

S

(NO

ME

X+C

AR

BO

N)

TOTAL THICK CARBON THICK NOMEX THICK

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Variation of the laminate construction along the length of a helicopter composite axle (centreline on the right)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140N

O O

F LA

YE

RS

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

MATERIAL TYPE (1=TIP)

HELICOPTER COMPOSITE AXLELOADCASE CRASH 9

0 +45 +90 -45

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Analysis of a carbon archery bow using FEM from the concept stage

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM buckling analysis of a hollow carbon fibre windsurfer board used to determine initial laminate details

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ 3D rendered model of a 23m3 GRP underground storage tank (UST)

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ 3D rendered model showing a section through the wall of the GRP underground storage tank

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ A section through the GRP UST which is exported from the 3D CAD package and imported to the FEM program for mesh generation. The rib stiffener and overlay laminate are clearly visible

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST supported by a cross brace and GRP ring stiffener

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST supported by a GRP ring stiffener

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST supported by a Steel ring stiffener overlaid with GRP

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Stresses in the corrosion barrier for a section of the GRP UST consisting of a GRP shell section only (no ribs stiffeners or cross bracing)

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Detailed design using FEM for a carbon fibre business class seatback

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Detailed design of a carbon fibre wing for a supersonic aircraft at ultimate load using FEM

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM analysis to predict the natural frequency of the first mode of vibration. This was determined to be at 46 Hz

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM of a section of the conical bottom of a silo as calculated by BS 4994

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM of a section of the conical bottom of a silo after optimisation

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ FEM of a section of the conical bottom of a silo with proposed circumferential and radial stiffeners

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Detailed design using FEM for a glass reinforced sandwich satellite TV antenna

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Top dome of an ice scraper vessel designed to BS 4994 optimised by FEM to carry the torsion loads

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Shell of an ice scraper vessel designed to BS 4994 optimised by FEM to carry the torsion loads

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ 3D rendering of the yacht which was analysed

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ 3D solid model of the keel, keel support, keel bolts and hull

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ The effect that the specified grounding load has on the fibres along the axis of the keel

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ The effect that the specified grounding load has on the keel support structure

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Buckling design verification of a silo designed for 250mm vacuum, 150 km/hr wind, full contents and a 8 ton vertical top load

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Design verification of a modification to a torpedo hull subjected to external pressure (buckling analysis)

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Model of an economy class carbon fibre seatback used to determine the regions responsible for seat structural failure

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Model of the corner of a flat bottomed pressure vessel. Each layer of material was given it’saxisymmetrical orthotropic properties

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Axisymmtrical FEM model of a section through a glass wrapped PVC pipe with a steel coupling. The steps in the pipe are there to transfer the axial load from the steel component to the composite

APPLICATIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODS TO REDUCE THE COST OF COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

♦ Finite Element Methods are a powerful tool♦ Enable today’s engineers to successfully design, build

and analyse composite structures ♦ Accurately predict the load distribution in the structure ♦ Determine the effect of stress concentrations ♦ Compensate by adding extra reinforcing material in

high stress regions♦ Can result in the design of highly optimised structures♦ Prove compliance with the customer requirements♦ Ensure products do not weigh or cost more than

necessary

CONCLUSION