Nonmetals Many of the nonmetals are gases at room temperature (Low boiling points) Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon Iodine
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10/30 & 10/31- 8th Grade Agenda
Learning Objective: Learn about Radioactive ElementsCollect Hw: Reading & Notetaking p.81 & 82Class Reading p.158 – 163Chap 4 Study GuideHw: Reading & Notetaking: p.84 – 85Reminder: Chap 4 Test on 11/4Reminder: Elemental Super Hero Project Due:11/13 (15 Points)
Daily Reflection• Prompt: Write 3 questions that you have
about Radioactive Elements?
Nonmetals• Many of the nonmetals
are gases at room temperature (Low boiling points)
• Nitrogen• Oxygen• Carbon• Iodine
What are Nonmetals Properties?
• Dull• Brittle (not malleable and not ductile)• Lower density than metals• Poor conductors of heat and electricity• More than half are gases at room
temperature
Sharing Electrons• When nonmetals and
metals react, electrons move from the metal atoms to the nonmetal atoms.
Group 15 - Nitrogen Family• Nitrogen and Phosphorus are
nonmetal• Shares 3 electrons in
chemical reactions• Atmosphere is 80% Nitrogen• Nitrogen used in Fertilizer• Phosphorus is used in
matches
Group 16 - Oxygen Family• Shares 2 electrons in
chemical reactions• Oxygen and Sulfur are
nonmetal• Oxygen is very reactive and
combine with almost every other element
• Sulfur has a rotten egg smell and is found in rubber.
Group 17 - Halogen Family• Halogen means “Salt Forming”• Halogens are very reactive and
when uncombined, dangerous to humans
• Shares 1 electron in chemical reactions
• Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine• Fluorine is found in nonstick
cookware and in tooth paste• Chlorine is found in table salt• Bromine is used in photographic
film
Group 18 – Noble (Inert) Gases• Does not react with other
atoms • Known as “Noble” gases
because they do not mix with other elements
• Helium are used in balloons• Neon are used to light signs
Hydrogen• One Proton and One
electron• 90% of atoms in the
universe are hydrogen• Hydrogen differ very
much from other elements and cannot be grouped into a family
What are Semimetals?• Metalloids have some of the
characteristics of metals and some of the characteristics of non-metal
• Silicon combines with oxygen to form sand, glass and cement
• Boron is used in some cleaning solutions
• Metalloid conducts electricity depending on temperature, exposure to light (useful in making computer chip)