Turning small business interns into applicants: The mediating role of perceived justice Presenter: Amber Liang Instructor: Dr. Pi-Ying Hsu Date: March 10, 2014 1
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Turning small business interns into applicants: The mediating role of perceived justice
Presenter: Amber Liang Instructor: Dr. Pi-Ying HsuDate: March 10, 2014
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Citation
Zhao, H. (2013). Turning Small Business Interns into Applicants: The Mediating Role of Perceived Justice. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(3), 443-457.
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Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
Critiques and Suggestions
Background
Literature Review
Gap
Purpose of the study
Value4
Introduction
The students who choose to intern in small
businesses are hesitant about working
permanently.
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Background
In the past decade, attention has been given
to the recruitment-related effectiveness of
such programs (Lahm & Heriot, 2009).
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Literature Review
Entrepreneurship literature examines many challenges entrepreneurs face in the new venture startup process.
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Gap
when been asked for their biggest business-related problem, entrepreneurs agree on a seemingly surprising answer, staffing.
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Purpose of the study
The paper is to examine how interns can be encouraged to become permanent employees in small business.
Internships are a relatively low-risk approachfor entrepreneurs to expand their social ties and attract prospective employees to join.
The study contributes to the emerging
literature at the intersection of human
resource management and entrepreneurship.
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Value
Research model
Small business internship
Job-seeking goal & intention to join
Internship as a realistic job preview
Perceived justice
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Literature review
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Research model
Job-seekingT1
InvolvementT2
Perceived justiceT3
Intention to joinT3
H1b
H1a
H1c H1d
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Internship is the “structured and career relevant work experiences obtained by students prior to graduation from an academic program.”
(Taylor, 1988)
Small business internship
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Small business internship
More importantly, internships do not require long-term employment commitment on employers’ part, thus entrepreneurs can use internships as an excellent “try-before-you-buy” method of staffing.
(Lahm & Heriot, 2009)
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Someone who follow temporal sequence of action phases, goal development and evaluating the outcome.
(Gollwitzer et al., 2012)
Job-seeking goal & intention to join
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Job-seeking goal & intention to join
The relationship between goal intentions and lagged implementation intentions is also empirically supported.
(Brandstatter et al., 2003)
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An assumption is certainly questionable in reality where the time lag between goal intention and action can be so long that “during this period applicants gain new information and may reevaluate their intentions”.
(Carless, 2003)
Internship as a realistic job preview
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Organization literature suggests that perceptions of justice “play central role” in explaining employees’ intentions to quit.
(Dailey & Kirk, 1992)
Perceived justice
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Perceived justice
Research has shown employees’ involvement in organization life increases their perception of justice.
(Kanfer et al., 1995)
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Hypotheses
H1a: Small business interns’ pre-internship job seeking is positively related to their post-internship intention to join the organization.
H1b: Small business interns’ during-internship involvement with their organization is positively related to their post-internship intention to join the organization.
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Hypotheses
H1c: Small business interns’ involvement with their organization is positively related to their post-internship justice perception.
H1d: Small business interns’ post-internship justice perceptionis positively related to their post-internship intention to join.
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Hypotheses
H2a:The positive effect of interns’ job-seeking goal on their intentions to join is stronger among corporate interns than among small business interns.
H2b:The positive effect of involvement on interns’ intentions to join is stronger among small business interns than among corporate interns.
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Hypotheses
H2c:The positive effect of involvement on justice perception is stronger among small business interns than among corporate interns.
H2d:The positive effect of justice perception on intention to join is stronger among small business interns than among corporate interns.
Participants
Instruments
Procedures
Data collection
Data Analysis23
Methodology
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Participants
Amount 481
College students
Volunteer
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Instruments
QuestionStronglydisagree
DisagreeDisagree
some what
Undecided
Agreesomewhat
Agree Stronglyagree
There are some equipments and facilities available to all permanent workers but not to me.
□ □ □ □ □ □ □
Point 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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Procedures
1 week after the
internship
T3
2 weeks into the
internship
T2
Pre-internship
T1
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Data collection
Total T1 T2 T3
481 124 117 104
Three web surveys
Valid
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Data analysis
Correlations, means, standard deviations
Reliability
Standardized path coefficients
1.
2.
3.
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Results
Correlations, means, standard deviations
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Standardized path coefficients
Intention to joinT3
Job-seekingT1
InvolvementT2
Perceived justiceT3
.01
.23* .52**
.30**
H1a：Small business interns’ pre-internship job seeking is positively related to their post-internship intention to join the organization.
Not supported
H1b：: Small business interns’ during-internship involvement with their organizationis positively related to their post-internship intention to join the organization.
Supported
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Standardized path coefficients
Intention to joinT3
Job-seekingT1
InvolvementT2
Perceived justiceT3
.01
.23* .52**
.30**
H1c：Small business internsinvolvement with their organizationis positively related to their post-internship justice perception.
Not supported
H1d：Small business interns’ post-internship justice perception is positively related to their post-internship intention to join.
Supported
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conclusion
Entrepreneurs are often celebrated as heroes who depart from the crowd, but creating and managing a new venture are never a lonely game.
Entrepreneurs need to recruit additional human input to staff their growing business.
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Critiques & suggestions
The paper didn’t mention the participants clearly. For example, the students’ gender quantity.
Maybe it could be better to introduce the small business kinds that readers could understand the students’ work contents.
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Thank you for your attention!