$10,000,000,000

$10,000,000,000

620,000

38,000

Reconstruction

End of the Civil War

Pres. v. Congress.

ReconstructionEnd of Slavery

Voting RightsRacial

Discrimination

End of the Civil War April 1865

Presidential vs. Congressional Reconstruction

Lincoln’s Plan

Congress’s Plan

Johnson’s Plan

End of SlaveryEmancipation

Proclamation

13th amendment

VotingRights

Racial Segregation and

Discrimination

End of the War• April 9, 1865: Robert E. Lee surrenders to

Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Court House after Grant took Richmond on April 2– Grant treated Lee and his troops with great

respect. – Terms of the surrender were very lenient, and

Grant offered parole to the troops.• War officially declared over on May 10,

when Jefferson Davis was captured in Georgia

Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction

• Lincoln began his plan for reconstruction before the war had even ended. His motivation to build a strong Republican Party in the south ultimately led to his plan and opposition of Congress‘s plan.

• Offered pardon to any Confederate who would swear his allegiance to the Constitution of the Union.

• When one tenth of the vote who participated in the election of 1860 had taken an oath in their particular state then the state could launch their own government .

• Congress rejected Lincoln’s plan claiming it was too lenient. The radical Republicans wanted to punish the South for seceding from the Union. In July 1864 congress passed the Wade Davis Bill:– A state must have a majority within its

borders to take the oath of loyalty – A state must formally abolish slavery– No Confederate officials could participate in

the new governments.

Congressional Plan for Reconstruction

• Lincoln’s plan and the congressional plan never occurred because Lincoln was assassinated, so Andrew Johnson took over and his plan consisted of:– Pardons would be granted to those taking a loyalty

oath .– No pardons would be available to high Confederate

officials and those owning property valued in excess of $20,000

– A state needed to abolish Slavery before being readmitted.

– A state was required to repeal its secession ordinance before being readmitted.

Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction

Emancipation Proclamation• Lincoln issued a final Emancipation

Proclamation on January 1, 1863. (A preliminary proclamation had been issued previously on September 1862 after the victory at Antietam)

• Freed slaves in the areas of rebellion• Careful stance; wanted to please

abolitionists without losing the support of conservatives

13th Amendment• Ratified December 1865• Prohibited slavery in all of the United

States• Completed the Emancipation

Proclamation

• During the harsh times of the Civil War, African Americans faced much discrimination and fought for the right to vote in upcoming elections.

• The passing of the 15th amendment gave the right to vote to all men, and finally African American men were equal, but unfortunately still faced discrimination

• Passed by Congress February 26, 1869 and ratified February 3, 1870.

Voting Rights

• African Americans had freedom, but not equality

• The South resisted changes• Segregation became the norm• The Ku Klux Klan emerged,

terrorizing African Americans

Racial Segregation and Discrimination