10 the muscles

Muscles

Muscles of the Head – Facial Expression

Muscles of the Head – Mastication and Tongue Movement

Muscles of the Neck and Vertebral Column

• Head movement• Sternocleidomastoid

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

Muscles of the Neck and Vertebral Column

Muscles of the Neck and Vertebral Column

Deep Muscles of the Thorax – Breathing

Deep Muscles of the Thorax – Breathing

Superficial Muscles of the Anterior Thorax

• Movements of the scapula• Pectoralis major

• Pectoralis minor

• Serratus anterior

• Subclavius

Superficial Muscles of the Anterior Thorax

Superficial Muscles of the Posterior Thorax

• Movements of the scapula• Trapezius

• Levator scapulae

• Rhomboid major

• Rhomboid minor

Superficial Muscles of the Posterior Thorax

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint

• Movements of the arm• Deltoid

• Pectoralis major

Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Joint

• Movements of the arm• Latissimus dorsi

• Supraspinatus

• Infraspinatus

• Teres minor

• Teres major

• Coracobrachialis

• SubscapularisX

Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint

• Posterior muscles – extensors of the forearm • Triceps brachii

• Anconeus

• Anterior muscles – flexors of the forearm• Biceps brachii – also supinates the forearm

• Brachialis

• Brachioradialis

X

Muscles of the Forearm

• Movements of the wrist, hand, and fingers• Most forearm muscles arise from the distal

humerus

• Movements at the wrist include:• Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

• Wrist and fingers are “operated” by muscles in the forearm

Superficial Anterior Muscles of the Forearm

• Pronator teres

• Flexor carpi radialis

• Palmaris longus

• Flexor carpi ulnaris

• Flexor digitorum superficialis

Deep Anterior Muscles of the Forearm

• Flexor pollicis longus

• Flexor digitorum profundus

• Pronator quadratus

Muscles of the Forearm

• Extensors – posterior compartment• Innervated by the radial nerve

• Originate at a common tendon• Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Superficial Posterior Muscles of the Forearm

• Brachioradialis – flexes forearm

• Extensor carpi radialis longus

• Extensor carpi radialis brevis

• Extensor digitorum

• Extensor carpi ulnaris

Summary of Actions of the Muscles of the Arm and Forearm

Summary of Actions of the Muscles of the Arm and Forearm

Muscles Crossing the Hip and Knee Joints

Anterior muscles• Flex the thigh and extend the leg at the knee

• Posterior muscles • Extend the thigh and flex the leg

• Adductor muscles – on medial aspect of thigh• Adduct the thigh only

Muscles Crossing the Hip and Knee Joints

• Movements at the hip joint• Muscles that flex the thigh

• Originate on vertebral column or pelvis

• Muscles that extend the thigh• Arise posterior to the hip joint

• Adductors originate medial to the hip joint

• Abductors originate lateral to the hip joint

Anterior and Medial Muscles

• Origin on pelvis or vertebral column• Iliacus • Psoas major• Sartorius

• Muscles of the medial compartment• Adductor longus• Adductor brevis• Adductor magnus• Pectineus • Gracilis

Anterior and Medial Muscles

Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh

• Quadriceps femoris – four separate heads • Have a common insertion at the quadriceps tendon

• Powerful knee extensors• Rectus femoris

• Vastus lateralis

• Vastus medialis

• Vastus intermedius

• Tensor fasciae latae

Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Thigh

Figure 11.19a

Posterior Muscles

• Origin on pelvis or sacrum• Gluteus maximus• Gluteus medius• Gluteus minimus

• Lateral rotators• Piriformis• Obturator externus• Obturator internus• Superior and inferior gemellus• Quadratus femoris

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment of the Thigh

• Hamstrings

• Biceps femoris

• Semitendinosus

• Semimembranosus

Muscles of the Anterior Compartment

Muscles of the Lateral Compartment

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment

Summary of Actions of Muscles of the Thigh and Leg

Summary of Actions of Muscles of the Thigh and Leg