1. Why did Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro come to the Americas? God, Gold, Glory.

1. Why did Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro come to the

Americas?

• God, Gold, Glory

2. What was the major reason the original settlers of Plymouth Colony, Maryland, and Pennsylvania came

to America?

• Secure freedom from religious persecution

3. As settlers from various nations arrived in the New World, they

interacted differently with natives. What was the major difference

between the French and British?

• French treated natives with more respect and intermarried with some tribes

4. What was the first permanent English Settlement in North

America?

• Jamestown

5. Why were the Virginia House of Burgesses, the Mayflower

Compact, and the John Peter Zenger trial significant?

• Was a landmark in the growth of democracy in colonial America

6. What image depicts Benjamin Franklin’s support of the Albany

Plan of Union?

•

7. What were the results (effects) of the French and Indian War?

• France lost Canada

• Great Britain incurred high costs

• Great Britain made a decision to enforce the mercantile system

8. How did the British mercantile system work?

• The mother country’s interest prevailed over those of the colonies

9. What is salutary neglect?

• “You cannot demand what you cannot enforce”

• If you cannot enforce a rule don’t make the rule

10. What was the major objection(s) that British colonists in

North America had with English rule?

• Denied the rights if citizens who lived in England and taxed without representation

11. What main idea behind the pamphlet “Common Sense” that

influenced many colonists?

• Stand on their own as an independent nation

12. According to the Declaration of Independence, what is the

fundamental purpose of government?

• Protect people’s natural rights

13. Know the dates of the following series of events: Declaration of Independence, French & Indian

War, and Boston Tea Party.

• French & Indian War, Boston Tea Party, Declaration of Independence

14. What battle is considered the “turning point” of the Revolutionary

War? Why?

• Battle of Saratoga

• Gained French allies

15. What was effect of the American Revolution on the role of

women?

• The status of women generally went back to the way it was before the war

16. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

• Decentralized and could not enforce actions

17. Why do some say that the Constitution was the product of

compromises?

• It is a series of compromises (voting power between small and large states and free and slave states)

18. What is the purpose of system of checks and balances?

• Ensure that one branch of government would not gain too much power

19. What is federalism?

• Power is divided between the states and national government

20. What was the fundamental reason for the addition of the Bill of

Rights to the United States Constitution?

• Protect individual liberty

21. What did the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance

of 1787 do?

• Process for western land settlement

22. What were the major accomplishments of George Washington’s Presidency?

• Keeping the nation out of foreign entanglements and appointing the first official cabinet members

23. What did Americans gain from the Pinckney Treaty?

• Americans could land goods at the part of New Orleans and ship them out again without paying taxes

24. What did Justice Marshall successfully argue in Marbury v.

Madison?

• The Supreme Court could declare federal laws unconstitutional

25. Who were the leaders of the first political parties and who were

their supporters?

• Federalists: John Adams & Alexander Hamilton

• Democratic-Republicans: Thomas Jefferson & James Madison

26. What did the Louisiana Purchase do?

• It doubled the size of the United States

27. What were the effects of the War of 1812?

• A surge of nationalism

• Ushered in the “Era of Good Feeling”

28. Why was the Monroe Doctrine established?

• To warn that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any additional European colonization

29. What were the issues confronted by President Andrew

Jackson?

• American westward expansion through Native American lands

• Crisis over nullification

• National tariff

30. How did democracy expand during the Age of Jackson?

• Property ownership was no longer a requirement to vote

31. What was the Trail of Tears?

• Forced removal of Native Americans to U.S. Indian Territory in the 1830’s

32. Who was Chief Osceola?

• Seminole chief who resisted the removal of his people by fighting a guerilla war in the swamps of Florida beginning in 1835

33. What were the consequences of Nat Turner’s Rebellion in Virginia

in 1813?

• Increased fear among Southern slave holders of a violent and massive slave revolt

34. What was the American System?

• Henry Clay’s platform that provided for a high tariff on imports to finance internal improvements

35. Why did industry develop in the North rather than the South in

antebellum America?

• Conditions in the north especially in New England were especially favorable to the factory system (water power, labor)

36. What did the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska

Act try to accomplish?

• Settled dispute over the spread of slavery to the western territories

37. Texas and the Mexican Cession were examples of what

American principle?

• Manifest Destiny

38. What contributed to the causes of the Mexican War?

• The election of 1944

• Mexican anger over the Republic of Texas

• American design on California

39. Support for Democratic – Republicans tended to come from

which region of the country?

• Frontier

40. How did Democratic-Republicans interpret the

Constitution?

• Strict (word for word) interpretation

41. What did Eli Whitney invent?

• Cotton Gin

42. What did the following people have in common? John Brown,

Harriet Tubman, and William Llyod Garrison

• Abolitionist

• Wanted to end slavery

43. What era introduced power-driven machinery?

• Industrial Revolution

44. What were the sectional differences developed in the United

States?

• Economic conditions and interests in each region varied

45. What was the contribution of Horace Mann to the American

experience?

• Support for public schools

46. What was the focus of the Seneca Falls Convention?

• Women’s suffrage

47. What were the circumstances of the following cases: Scott v. Sanford (1857) and Plessy v.

Ferguson (1896)?

• Demonstrates the Supreme Court sometimes failed to protect the rights

48. What were some similarities in Andrew Jackson’s and Abraham

Lincoln’s presidencies?

• Upheld the power of the federal government

49. During the Civil War, what were the North’s advantages over the

South?

• More factories

• A larger population

• Miles of railroad system

50. What was the Compromise of 1877?

• Brought an end to Congressional Reconstruction

51. Radical Republicans in Congress after the Civil War pushed for what

conditions/laws?

• Union military occupation in former Confederate States

• Suffrage for African Americans • Union control of former Confederate

estates and plantations

52. What was the purpose of poll taxes, literacy tests and the Ku

Klux Klan?

• Limit the effectives of the 14th &15th amendments

53. What was sharecropping?

• The agricultural system in which a family cultivated land it did not own keeping a small part of whatever was growing and paying the rest as rent

54. How did industrialization proceed in the South after the Civil

War?

• Despite the introduction of heavily industry the South still lagged far behind the North

55. What initiated the conflict between the Plains Indians and

American settlers?

• The encroachment of ranchers, miners, and farmers onto Native American territories

56. During the 1860s and 1870s, what were the federal government’s policies toward Native Americans?

• Based on the view that Native Americans were obstacles to white progress

57. What is laissez-faire capitalism?

• “Prices and wages should be determined by the market place”

• No government interference

58. What are the purposes of the strike?

• To gain better working conditions

59. What is the message in the cartoon?

• President Johnson is subdued and living out his administration without incident

60. How did Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation affect the war?

• It applied only to the Confederate areas over which the federal government had no control

• It served notice that slavery would be abolished in Confederate areas when they were under Union control

• It was formulated as a war measure by a political leader

61. What is a similarity between the “old” and “new” immigrant groups?

• Primarily drawn to the United States by economic motives

62. What was the result of a trust taking complete control of an

industry?

• Monopoly

63. Why did deflation during the late 1800s hurt farmers?

• Deflation made it difficult for farmers to sell their crops in the market place

64. In the United States, what was a major population trend during the late

1800s?

• Movement of people from the farms to the cities

65. What is the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) and the Sherman Antitrust Act

(1890)?

• Eliminate unfair business practices

66. How did Populists believe economic problems in the United

States could be solved?

• Currency reform

67. What did Booker T. Washington believe was the best way for blacks to improve their status in the U.S.?

• Accommodate themselves to segregation and disfranchisement while at the same time working hard and providing economic value to society

68. Who were Ida Tarbell, Ida B. Wells-Barnett, and Harriet Beecher

Stowe?

• Authors/journalists

69. What was a main goal of the Granger movement of the 1870s

and 1880s?

• Force the railroads to lower freight rates

70. What events occurred during the 1760-1826 period in American

history?

• Political parties appeared in the U.S. for the first time

• The first National Bank was established

• Two wars against the British were conducted

71. What was Social Darwinism?

• Survival of the fittest

72. Southern colonies developed an economy based on cash crops

that led to?

• The rise of plantations

• Demand for slavery

• Increased agriculture

73. What was the major purpose of the Homestead Act of 1862?

• Encourage settlement of public lands for farming

74. The railroad was important to the open-range cattle industry because ranchers and stock

dealers could?

• Sell longhorns that were then shipped east to market for a huge profit

75. What idea does the picture depict?

• Manifest Destiny

76. What caused an increase in agricultural production?

• Steel plow

• Construction of roads and canals

• Construction of railroads

• Invention of the McCormick reaper

77. John D. Rockefeller’s business partner in Standard Oil Co. and builder of the Florida East Coast

Railroad was?

• Henry Flagler

78. What “third party” was the height of its popularity during the

election of 1896?

• Populist Party