1 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM US Department of Energy Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Initiatives National Petroleum Council, April 13, 2011 Manager, Vehicle Systems Vehicle Technologies Program US Department of Energy [email protected]Lee Slezak
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1 | Vehicle Technologieseere.energy.gov VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM US Department of Energy Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Initiatives National Petroleum.
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1 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov
VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM
US Department of EnergyElectric Vehicle Infrastructure InitiativesNational Petroleum Council, April 13, 2011
Manager, Vehicle Systems Vehicle Technologies ProgramUS Department of [email protected]
Lee Slezak
2 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov
EV Infrastructure Initiatives
• Connectivity/Codes and Standards
• Deployment/Learning
• Enabling Technologies
3 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov
Role of Codes & Standards
Safety
Usability
Interoperability
Acceptance
Enabler of Market Penetration
4 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov
Charge Method
Typical charge rates
Nominal Voltage/Branch Circuit
Rating
Charge Coupler (aka plug and receptacle)
AC Level 1RESIDENTIAL
5 mi/hour @ 1.7 kW120v/20A
(15A continuous)
AC Level 2RESIDENTIAL
10 mi/hour @ 3.4 kWCOMMERCIAL
20 mi/hour @ 7.2 kW
240v/20A(15A continuous)
240v/40A(30A continuous)
DC Level 2(Fast Charging)
COMMERCIAL165 mi/hour @ 50 kW
Standards in process
480v AC, 3Ø(supply to EVSE)
Focus on Charge Couplers (US)
Residential
AC L1, AC L2
Non-residential
AC L2, DC L2
SAE J1772TM
SAE J1772TM
Proposed
SAE J1772TM ‘Hybrid’
5 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov
DC Fast Charge CouplersProposed SAE J1772-Hybrid v. JARI/ChADeMO
92 mm v. 62 mm
JARI/ChADeMO
SAE J1772-Hybrid
• 2 power; 7 control/communication pins• 2 communication pins (typically CAN).• 2 pins for EV relay control.• 1 Ref. Ground pin for vehicle isolation monitor.• 1 proximity or mating detection pin.• 1 "ready to charge" pin. Fits standard
REV1: Custom board,off-the-shelf sensors,Xbee radio
SDR in one-chip communication solution using flexible baseband chip
(PLC, Zigbee/HomePlug SEP, SUN radio, etc.)
REV2: Integrated FGMcurrent sensors and PLC communication
■ Lab/field test at ANL, DTE Energy and SCE
■ Field test at ORNL solar EV charge station
■ Field test in Europe/Asia
Field Verification of Performance and
Communication Standards
Flux gate magnetometersensor proof-of-concept
■ Expand application to smart energy grid
17 | Vehicle Technologies eere.energy.gov
Enabling Technology
Wireless ChargingProblem – Limited Range due to size, weight, & cost constraints of battery packs
Solution – Wireless Charging• Eliminates need to plug-in• Vehicle always ‘ready to go’• Reduce Battery Size and Vehicle Weight• Extend range of EVs• Small scale proof of concept hardware• Standards under development
Smart grid compliant utility feed and modern power electronics
ORNL Wireless Power Transfer Charger
Vehicle to WPT communicationsRFID localizer for positioning