1 UNIT 5. 2 Task I Listen to the audio. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words provided. GETTING READY Dear David, Hola from 1 __________!

1

UNIT 5

2

Task IListen to the audio. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words provided.

GETTING READY

Dear David,

Hola from 1 __________! The most awesome part of my trip has got to be the

2 __________. Mealtimes are so 3 __________ and have countless courses—

sometimes I feel like I’m going to explode. Plus, you can snack on 4 __________

all the time. And nothing beats the local desserts. Few cookies or cakes in the US

can truly compare to the 5 __________ here!

You’ll have to come with me next time!

Yours,

Becky

cuisine stew fried lengthy fiesta simmer side dish Spain pastry Seoul tapas Filipino

Spain

cuisine lengthy

tapas

pastries

3

GETTING READY

If your appetite is your top priority, be sure to visit during a 6 ___________

because that’s when the food is at its best. Try the afritada—a chicken or pork dish

that is usually 7 ___________ in tomato sauce. 8 ___________ season their food

with everything from vinegar to fresh lime juice. But beware: their greasy

9 ___________ dishes could turn your stomach against you.


fiesta

simmered Filipinos

fried

Almost all TV and radioadvertising focuses on thenationwide obsession: food.


4

GETTING READY

The food in 10 ___________ is incredibly healthy. They prepare their food in

one of three ways: 11 ___________, grilling, or stir-frying. Kimchi is also a big

deal; it’s a 12 ___________ at literally every meal. It’s comprised of vegetables

and is strongly flavored with an array of spices. I’ve actually lost weight on this trip!


Seoul

stewing

side dish

A Delicious Trip


5

Task IIListen again to review the vocabulary. Complete the facts with words from the audio.

GETTING READY

Did You Know . . .?

1. Recent research shows that sitting for long s___________s of time can cause significant damage to your health.

2. The average man should c___________e approximately 2,500 calories per day.

3. Grilling is a cooking t___________e that produces healthy and flavorful food.

4. Eating a h___________y lunch will make you feel drowsy in the afternoon.

5. Vegetables, fish, and tofu are the s___________e foods of Okinawan people.

tretche

onsum

echniqu

eart

tapl

6

Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 1

I’m Maria, and where I live, we structure our days around mealtimes. Lunch is

the main meal, which often includes dishes like sausage and seafood. We enjoy

pastries for dessert and top it all off with coffee or wine. After stuffing ourselves,

we take a lengthy nap. Dinner is not served until 9:00 p.m., so we snack to

endure the stretch between meals. We even have a word for the way we do it:

tapas. When going out for tapas, we share small plates of food with our friends.

GETTING READY

7

Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 2

My name is Julius, and people in my country have hearty appetites. Like

many other Asian cultures, rice is our staple dish. We serve our food with various

dipping sauces. Fried food typically goes with vinegar, soy sauce, lime juice, or a

combination of these. But where our food really shines is during fiestas! My

favorite party dish is afritada, which is chicken or pork simmered in tomato

sauce.

GETTING READY

8

Audio Transcripts:

Speaker 3

I’m Soojee. As you’ve probably heard, kimchi is my nation’s most famous

cuisine. It’s a side dish made out of vegetables and flavored with ginger and

garlic. Most families have their own secret recipes, and we consume more garlic

than any other country! We also eat lots of steamed rice and soup, and everyone

loves our barbecue. Our common cooking techniques of grilling, stir-frying, and

stewing are all quite healthy, so we don’t eat too much fat.

GETTING READY

9

With over 30 years of experience, professional nutritionist Helen Seiler can show you how to enhance your well-being while enjoying exotic food.

Mediterranean FishFreshly caught, this fish is broiled with 1. butter. It is served with 2. chips that are rich in vitamin D.

Vietnamese PhởThis seafood noodle soup is based with 3. coconut milk. 4. Smoked bacon, herbs, and sliced chili peppers are added for flavoring.

Asian CabbageThis 5. deep-fried cabbage gives your body the nutrients it needs. To make this dish a tasty source of 6. calcium, it is cooked with almonds.

VOCABULARY DRILL

A. Listen Up Revise the parts in bold on a separate piece of paper based on the suggestions you hear.

Helen Seiler Sample Menu

1. olive oil 2. mushrooms

3. broth 4. Vegetables

5. stir-fried

6. protein

10

VOCABULARY DRILL

Audio Transcripts:

Helen: Hi! I’m your nutritionist, Helen. I’m here to show you how to adopt a nutritious diet.

Richard: OK. Tell me your plan.

Helen: We’ll start with exotic dishes, like Vietnamese cuisine. It’s low in fat because they cook with water or broth instead of butter or coconut- based sauces, and they use herbs or spices as seasoning.

Richard: Aren’t those green? Sounds suspiciously like vegetables.

Helen: Some herbs are green, like mint, but some spices are colorful, like spicy chili peppers. Vegetables will become a diet requirement though. Cabbage contains lots of calcium, and mushrooms are rich in vitamins.

Richard: What else?

Helen: There is one type of oil we may use: olive oil. Popular in Mediterranean dishes, it helps to lower your risk of heart disease.

Richard: Italian food is fine, I guess.

Helen: Great. You’ll also get more protein by eating nuts. When you do eat meat, it will be seafood, and we’ll bake or stir-fry it.

Richard: I’d rather have the alternative, but I’ll give it a shot.

11

VOCABULARY DRILL

B. Word Focus: Cooking MethodsFill in the blanks with these words: stew, simmer, roast, season, steam, bake, grill, boil, stir, fry.

Step I: In a pan, quickly brown the Italian sausage with the onion and garlic. 1. ___________ in crushed tomatoes. 2. ___________ with salt, pepper, and Italian seasoning. 3. ___________ for 1 1/2 hours.

Step II: 4. ___________ the noodles for ten minutes. Drain them and rinse with cold water. In a bowl, combine cheese with egg, parsley, and salt.

Step III: Heat the oven to 375 degrees F. Layer the meat and tomato sauce, noodles, and cheese and egg mixture in a baking dish. Repeat until all the ingredients are used.

Step IV: 5. ___________ in the oven for 30 minutes. Allow to cool slightly before serving.

Mama Celia’s Lasagna

Stir SeasonSimmer

Boil

Bake

12

VOCABULARY DRILL

C. Speak Out Loud Work with a partner and take turns interviewing each other with the questions below.

13

CONVERSATION CORNER—REVIEW

A. Word GroupsCircle the choice that has a different meaning than the word or phrase in bold.

1. enormous a. huge b. massive c. tremendous d. insignificant

2. wolf down a. gobble up b. snack c. devour d. eat quickly

3. crucial a. important b. urgent c. trivial d. vital

4. adjust a. adopt b. revise c. change d. alter

5. lessen a. lower b. enhance c. reduce d. decrease

14

1. At the end of the gorge, there is a picturesque waterfall. ______

After gorging himself on doughnuts, Henry felt like vomiting. ______

Definition: a. n. a narrow steep-sided valley

b. v. to eat a lot of food very quickly

2. The eligible bachelor was sought after by many single women in the city.

______

He became eligible to receive a discount at the store after working there for

three months. ______

Definition: a. adj. able or allowed to do something

b. adj. worthy of being selected


B. Words with Different MeaningsMatch the word in bold with its definition.

b

a

b

a

15

3. The mosquito bite irritated his skin. He couldn’t stop scratching it. ______

John had a habit of irritating Mike with his constant chatter. ______

Definition: a. v. to annoy

b. v. to cause pain

4. Taking public transportation is an eco-friendly alternative to driving a car.

______

The popularity of alternative medicine has grown in lots of countries. ______

Definition: a. n. one of a group of possible choices

b. adj. can be used in place of something else


B. Words with Different MeaningsMatch the word in bold with its definition.

a

b

a

b

16


C. Understand from the ContextMatch the sentence with its meaning.

Sentence Paraphrase

_____ 1. I feel like I could eat a horse!

_____ 2. My stomach seems to be tied up in knots.

_____ 3. If I don’t nibble on somethingwhile I’m studying, I can

barely concentrate.

_____ 4. I have a soft spot for sweets.

_____ 5. I feel as full as a tick.

_____ 6. You have to go cold turkey on that greasy and sugary food.

a. My stomach feels stuffed.

b. I have a hard time focusing if I don’t have something to snack on.

c. You need to stop eating bad foods.

d. I’m so hungry that I could eat a huge amount of food.

e. I’m feeling anxious about something.

f. I usually can’t turn down things like pastries.

d

e

b

f

a

c

17

EXPRESSION PLAZA

A. Talking About Your Appetite

Feeling Hungry Feeling Full

• be starving / starved

• could eat a horse

• (one’s) stomach feel like a bottomless pit

• be as full as a tick

• couldn’t eat another bite

• be stuffed to the gills

Pair up with a classmate and use the expressions above to discuss the following situations.

1. Right after a hearty lunch

2. After gobbling up a large pizza

3. Following a hard workout

4. After enjoying Thanksgiving dinner

Example:

• Right before lunchtime, I’m starving,

but after eating a hearty lunch, I feel

stuffed to the gills.

18

1. (Ivan, barbeque potato chips, type, ever buys)

→ _________________________________________

2. (my sister, chocolate, stress)

→ _________________________________________

3. (knitting, relaxing, leisure)

→ _________________________________________

EXPRESSION PLAZA

have a soft spot for

a weakness for

an itch for

(something)

be hooked on

partial to

(something)

B. Having Trouble Resisting Something

Make sentences using the expressions and the words provided.

Ivan is so partial to barbeque potato chips that they are the only type he ever buys.

My sister has a soft spot for chocolate when she’s under a lot of stress.

I’m hooked on knitting because it is a relaxing way to spend my leisure time.

19

Fill in the appropriate expressions. Some blanks may have more than one possible answer.

EXPRESSION PLAZA

Feeling Anxious • (one’s) stomach be (tied up) in knots

• have a knot in (one’s) stomach

• have / get butterflies in (one’s) stomach

Waiting to Find Out Something Important • be (sitting) on pins and needles

Expecting Something Bad to Happen • be / feel on edge

C. Expressing Anxiety

1. My son Jimmy should receive notification about his acceptance into Harvard today. We’re both _____________________!

2. Ever since I saw that scary movie about a plane crash, I’ve __________________ about flying.

3. I can’t eat anything. I’m so nervous about this test that my ______________________.

(sitting) on pins and needles

been (feeling) on edge

stomach is (tied up) in knots

20

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

A. Guess WhoListen to the audio. Match each receipt to the speaker who most likely consumed the items.

Name: _______________

Sally’s Home Cooking

$4.50 3 Chicken wings

$1.50 2 Buttermilk biscuits

$0.85 1 Ear of corn with butter

$1.10 1 Large soda

Name: _______________

The Coffee Grinder

Medium vanilla latte ........

$3.50

Blueberry bagel ...............

$2.15

Name: _______________

The Vegetarian Garden

Lunch Set —

Tofu and mushroom burger X 1

Broccoli salad X 1

TOTAL DUE: $6.50

TOTAL $7.95

CASH $10.00

CHANGE $2.05

Subtotal $5.65

Tax $0.23

Total $5.88

THANK YOU AND COME AGAIN

PLEASE PAY YOUR SERVER

Thank You for Dining with Us.

(718) 885-0360

MandyChristian Joe

21

Audio Transcripts:

Mandy: That was the grossest experiment I’ve ever conducted!

Joe: Relax, Mandy. Cutting open that frog was fascinating.

Mandy: Quit teasing me, Joe.

Christian: Could you two stop arguing so we can decide where to go for lunch? My stomach feels like a bottomless pit.

Mandy: Handling those frogs totally spoiled my appetite.

Joe: Honestly, I’m as full as a tick. I had a huge breakfast, and I’m still stuffed to the gills.

Christian: I feel just the opposite. I could eat a horse!

Joe: I definitely don’t feel like eating anything too heavy or greasy on my full stomach. Can we eat lighter cuisine, Christian?

Christian: That won’t fill me up, and then I’ll be starving later.

Joe: How about we each order lunch to go from whichever restaurant we prefer? Then we’ll meet at the park to eat together.

Mandy: That’s the only sensible thing you’ve said all morning. I’m just going to have a beverage and snack though. I’m still too disgusted to eat much.

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

22

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

B. Complete the ProfileFill in the blanks with words or expressions you hear. More than one answer is possible.

Member Case

Toby He was 1. __________ to looking stylish and had a hard time

2. __________ window displays. He possessed tons of

3. __________ that complemented his clothes. Luckily, he went

4. ______________ and is recovering.

Patrick He only purchases things that can be used for 5. __________

purposes instead of buying necessary items. He has

6. ______________ computer games.

Dr. Mark He had the guts to talk about his shopping 7. __________. Before

landing his current job, he had 8. ______________ expensive office

outfits, particularly 9. __________ business suits.

partial

resisting

accessories

cold turkey

recreational

addiction

tailored

an itch / a real soft spot / a weakness for

a real soft spot /a weakness / an itch for

23

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Dr. Mark: Welcome to this week’s Shopaholics Anonymous meeting. I’m Dr. Mark, and I will help you kick your destructive shopping habits. Toby, would you like to start?

Toby: OK. I’ve had an itch for shopping since I was 13. I have a real soft spot for accessories and used to own 43 belts! Yesterday, I took a big step towards recovery: I donated them all to a shelter.

Dr. Mark: Congratulations! Patrick, would you like to share next?

Patrick: Sure. My shopping addiction, video games, started as a recreational activity with friends. If they bought a game, I’d buy it too so that I could keep up. But now, I’m completely hooked on it. I can’t resist buying

new games, regardless of how hard I try.

Dr. Mark: Thanks for contributing to the discussion. I had a weakness for buying costly business suits before. I was particularly partial to having them tailored. Then I realized I was wasting lots of money, so I went cold turkey and sold all but two of them.

Patrick: And look at you now. You’re wearing shorts and a T-shirt!

24

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

C. Make InferencesListen to the audio. Check the appropriate inferences and include the reasons. Use the expressions you’ve learned if possible.

Inference Reason

□1. Emma thinks that taking summer

school classes is torture.

□2. Doug has a hard time with

Egyptian politics.

□3. Doug delivers speeches

awkwardly.

□4. Emma finds her math exam less

stressful than the business speech.

□5. Emma doesn’t feel relief after

taking her math final exam.

She can’t wait for summer vacation when she won’t feel stressed anymore.

He has a huge knot in his stomach about that exam tomorrow.

He gets butterflies in his stomach just by thinking about it.

She is sitting on pins and needles while waiting for her exam results.

√

√

√

√

25

EXPRESSION PRACTICE

Audio Transcripts:

Emma: Final exam week is stressful! I wish I could just sleep through it and wake up when summer vacation starts.

Doug: Tell me about it. My Egyptian politics exam is tomorrow, and I have a huge knot in my stomach about it.

Emma: Well, I took my advanced mathematics final two days ago, and I haven’t gotten my grade yet. If I don’t get over 90 percent, I won’t pass the

class. So I’m sitting on pins and needles.

Doug: At least it’s over. I’m anxious about our business management course. I can’t believe each of us has to deliver a marketing presentation to the class. It’s still two days away, but I get butterflies in my stomach

whenever I think about it.

Emma: Thankfully, I’m usually quite articulate during public speaking, so I’m not concerned about that one. I just feel on edge about the mathematics

exam results. I would rather die than retake that class.

Doug: You know, we should relax and go grab some ice cream.

Emma: That’s a great idea!

26

GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

ConditionalsThe first conditional and second conditional are used to speak about the present or the future. The third conditional is used to express opinions about things in the past.

First Conditional Second Conditional

Third Conditional

nature possible condition unreal situation unreal situation

time present or future present past

structure If + simple present, S. + will / can / might+ V.

If + simple past, S. +would / should / might / could + V.

If + past perfect, S. + would / should / might /could have + past participle.

example • If I don’t nibble on something while I’m studying, I can barely concentrate.

• If I weren’t so busy, I wouldn’t gorge myself.

• If I hadn’t completed it before the deadline, I wouldn’t have been eligible to graduate.

A. Summary

27

GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT


Usage Note

In the third conditional, sometimes the if clause is implied and not spoken.

Examples:

• She would have helped out (if you had asked her, but you didn’t).

• Mr. Weaver would have gone to the wedding (if he had received an invitation, but he didn’t).

28

GRAMMAR CHECKPOINT

If Clause Main Clause

present past

If she spoke Russian, she would have had an easier time in Moscow.

present future

If I were you, I would be donating the money to charity.

past present

If I had seen a doctor, my head wouldn’t hurt so much now.

past future

If I had known you planned to

visit Grandpa tomorrow,

I would be going with you.


B. Mixed Types

When the time of the if clause is different from the one of the main clause, it’s possible to have several types of mixed conditional sentences.

29

1. If everyone took public transportation, there ______________ (be) a lot less air pollution.

2. If you ______________ (not wear) those ragged clothes to the interview, you might have secured the job.

3. I ______________ (not open) the document if you had notified me that it was regarding a personal matter.

4. If you ______________ (exercise) regularly, it might help to boost your immune system and enhance overall fitness.

5. Cindy spent significant time commuting by bus this morning. She would have driven her car if it ______________ (not break) down.

6. If only I had known how important Mr. Lennon was to the community, I ______________ (dedicate) today’s speech to him.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

A. Complete the SentencesFill in the correct forms of the verbs.

would be

exercise

hadn’t worn

hadn’t broken

would have dedicated

wouldn’t have opened

30

1. The Huangs didn’t manage to check in to the hotel by noon. _____

2. As I was having financial problems, Icouldn’t afford a vacation. _____

3. I couldn’t see the small print on the paper. _____

4. Mike was so absent-minded that he forgot their wedding anniversary.

_____

5. Denise lacks self-confidence. That’s why she panics on stage. _____

a. If I had worn my glasses, I would have been able to read it clearly.

b. If only someone had encouraged her, she wouldn’t be so timid now.

c. If I had had money, I would definitelyhave gone to Prague.

d. If he had remembered, he would have taken Lisa out to dinner.

e. If they had, they could have gotten a more spacious room.

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

B. MatchMatch the two parts.

e

c

a

d

b

31

1. Our hockey team lost three consecutive games because of lousy shooting accuracy.

If we ___________________________________________________________. (shoot better, win)

2. Steve works hard to reach the sales requirements. He doesn’t want to have his salary cut.

If Steve _________________________________________________________. (fail, company)

3. Since we have an excessive amount of baggage, we have to pay extra fees at the airport.

If we ___________________________________________________________. (less, additional)

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

C. Make the SentencesUsing the hints given, rewrite the sentences into the conditional structure.

fails to reach the sales requirements, the company will cut his salary

had taken less baggage, we wouldn’t have to pay additional charges / had less baggage, we wouldn’t have to pay additional charges

had shot better, we could have won

32

4. The snake bit me, but the bite wasn’t fatal, so I’m OK now.

If the snake’s bite _________________________________________________. (be, not be)

5. The man wasn’t convicted of murder because his lawyer proved his innocence.

If the lawyer _____________________________________________________. (not prove, be)

GRAMMAR WORKOUT

C. Make the SentencesUsing the hints given, rewrite the sentences into the conditional structure.

had been fatal, I wouldn’t be OK now

hadn’t proven the man’s innocence, he would have been convicted of murder

33

If action is not taken, the world might face a global food crisis. Check the most

practical solutions to this problem.

Keep reading to find out more.

READING─PRE-READING TASK

Reduce meat consumption

Increase your water intake

Grow your own fruit and vegetables

Eat two portions of oily fish a week

√

Cultivate produce indoors

Adopt a wholly vegetarian diet

Make meat without animals

Stock up on canned food

√√

√

√

34

READING

Experts predict that nine billion people will populate the Earth by

2050. Medical advancements have caused the average life span

and birth survival rate to surge. These are outstanding successes,

but they’ve created a problem: as farmland disappears due to

overpopulation, what will people eat? If scientists don’t discover an

answer, the world might face a food crisis. Thankfully, there are

possible solutions.

p.41 p.42

35

READING

Vertical farming is the concept of cultivating food within skyscrapers. Using

advanced greenhouse technology, it’s feasible to produce fruit and vegetables

indoors. If this idea becomes reality, it will require significantly less land than fields.

In fact, a 30-story building with a five-acre-wide base could yield a yearly harvest

equivalent to 2,400 acres. This exceeds traditional farming output because plants

inside a building are sheltered from the weather. With climate, water, and light

control, the effects of temperature, droughts, and cloudy days are eliminated. Crops

can be grown year-round. It’s also beneficial that vertical farms can be constructed

in close proximity to urban areas. As much as 30 percent of crops are wasted due

to spoilage during transport. With a shorter distance between food and consumers,

harvested produce can be delivered while it’s still fresh.

p.41 p.42

36

READING

Indoor plant production has already been successfully

implemented in Japan. The country has about 50 fully operational

factories that grow everything from lettuce to strawberries. These

facilities pump out food two to four times faster than traditional

farming. When functioning at full capacity, they can produce up to

three million vegetables per year!

p.41 p.42

37

READING

For Your Reference* omnivorous: eating meatas well as vegetables

Meat, on the other hand, will be trickier to copy, yet it is as essential as plants.

Livestock consume more energy per food unit than any plant crop. For example,

one pound of beef requires 16 pounds of grain and 2,500 gallons of water.

Obviously, if everyone became a vegetarian, this would no longer be a problem. But

a campaign to convince billions of omnivorous* humans to stop eating meat

wouldn’t stand a chance. Thus, scientists are experimenting to create meat. To

accomplish this, cells are taken from live animals and stored to grow into meat over

time. In theory, this process could meet global demands. However, the idea is still

in its infancy.

p.41 p.42

38

READING

Until scientists achieve artificial food production, you should

consider restricting your meat consumption and growing produce in

your own yard. The world of 2050 will thank you!

p.41 p.42

39

READING

In the past decade, the cost of oil has increased by approximately

$100 per barrel. This has caused food prices to rise dramatically. The

World Food Bank estimates that the higher cost of food has pushed

44 million more people into poverty. Which practice(s) mentioned in

the article could eliminate this problem?

Discussion

40

1. The number of applicants for the medical program ___________ after the school was ranked first in the nation. (rise sharply)

2. If you double the amount of the ingredients, the recipe will ___________ twice as many cookies. (produce)

3. You should not ___________ the highway’s speed limit; otherwise, you might get fined. (go over)

4. Due to the advent of computer technology, the younger generation tends to have a short attention ___________. (length of time)

5. Although the cancer-screening device is in its ___________, researchers hope that it will be an effective detection method. (early stages)

READING ─AFTER YOU READ

A. Complete the SentencesFill in the blanks with words from the article. Use the hints to help you.

surged

yield

exceed

span

infancy

p.35 p.36 p.37 p.38 p.39

41

We’re all familiar with the 1. s___________e of food. If items such as milk aren’t

stored in the refrigerator, they go to waste. But is it possible for land to go bad?

Yes! This can occur when land becomes degraded. The main cause is population

increase. In addition to housing people, land must also be used for the growing of

crops and the grazing of 2. l___________k. As environmental problems stack up,

governments are looking for 3. f___________e ways to decrease our impact on the

planet. Many research operations are working to make produce in eco-friendly

ways. Of course, not every solution has to be 4. a___________l. By reducing their

5. c___________n of resources, humans can save the environment for future

generations.


B. Fill in the Missing LettersComplete the passage with words from the article.

poilag

ivestoc

easibl

rtificia

onsumptio

p.35 p.36 p.37 p.38 p.39

42


C. Multiple ChoiceCircle the answers.

1. What is said about the world’s population?

a. It will soar because medical knowledge has expanded.

b. It will stay constant because of the lack of available resources.

c. It will increase since the birth rate is surging everywhere.

d. It will decrease due to insufficient land.

43



2. Which statement is TRUE?

a. Farming must take place outdoors.

b. Growing crops indoors is advantageous for producing food.

c. Vertical farming won’t eliminate the need for regular farmland.

d. Weather conditions will need to be duplicated inside produce factories.

44



3. Why does some produce never get sold to consumers?

a. Many tests must be done to see how production can be improved.

b. Thirty percent of the crops are picked before they are fully mature.

c. Produce grown in vertical farms hasn’t yet been approved for

consumption.

d. A large amount of the crops go bad before they arrive at stores.

45



4. What can we infer from the article?

a. Meat is more readily available than vegetables.

b. People despise the idea of growing their own produce.

c. Most people enjoy eating both meat and vegetables.

d. Growing fruit indoors is much slower than normal methods.

46

WRITING SKILLS

47

WRITING SKILLS

Task I Cross out the sentence in the paragraph below that is not specific enough.

My friend Ross gets a thrill out of eating spicy food. When a dish

makes his eyes burn and his nose run, he relishes it! That’s why

Indian food is his favorite type of exotic cuisine. For example, he likes

many Indian dishes.

48

WRITING SKILLS

Task IIRead the general statement below and write two supporting examples. Example 2 should be more specific.

Many foods have a

hearty amount of

protein.

1. _______________________________________

_______________________________________

2. _______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

Any type of meat has protein, as do most

grains and nuts.

Fish or poultry have the most protein while

still being low in fat, and vegetarians can eat

almonds and soybeans.

49

WRITING SKILLS

Transitional Phrases: Presenting ExamplesFill in the blanks with the appropriate transitional phrases. There may be more than one possible answer.

Here’s good news for caffeine addicts: there is a wide array of delicious coffee

beverages! 1. ______________, they might be blended with milk and sugar,

2. ______________ a latte. You can even add syrup for extra flavor. But people

who like bitter tastes prefer to drink strong brewed coffee, 3. ______________ an

espresso shot. Some coffee shops serve novelty drinks for different seasons or

holidays. 4. ______________, major chains often prepare seasonal Christmas

drinks. With all this variety, it’s no wonder coffee is a worldwide obsession!

for example one instance is for instance take the case ofspecifically to illustrate like such as

For instance

such as

like

Specifically

50

WRITING SKILLS─BEFORE YOU WRITE

Read the topic sentence below and think of two more specific examples.

Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest has been held every year since1970. Competitors have to consume as many hot dogs as they canin ten minutes. ESPN televises the event live!

Main IdeaWhile most people don’t consider mealtime a competitive event, eating competitions take place around the world.

Support

Support

Support

In Atlantic City, New Jersey, police officers and firefighters face off in the “Big Teplitzky Challenge,” a breakfast eating competition. The first person to finish off the 1.8 kg meal wins a free night at a hotel and a dinner. The event is also a fundraiser for local causes.

In the popular TV show Man v. Food, the host, Adam, travels across America to compete in different restaurants’ eating challenges. In one episode, he needed to eat a 2 kg steak in less than an hour, along with several side dishes.

51

WRITING SKILLS─WRITE IT UP

Write a 140-word argumentative essay for or against eating competitions. Include the conditional structures you’ve learned.

Introduction:Introduce yourargument.

Title: ______________________________Title: ______________________________ (Be creative.)(Be creative.)Be Your Stomach’s Friend, Not Foe!

While most people don’t consider mealtime a competitive

event, eating competitions take place around the world. Such

competitions communicate that overeating is fun, but it’s

actually dangerous and wasteful.

52


Body:Begin eachparagraph with a generalizationand then include specific examples.

Eating contests have many harmful results. For example,

competitions require participants to eat as much as they can in a

short amount of time. If competitors eat too much, as they

always do, they will suffer from severe weight gain. One

instance of this is Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest.

Contestants consume as many hot dogs as possible in ten

minutes.

This practice is also wasteful. Take the case of Man v. Food,

the show where host Adam travels across America to take on

restaurants’ eating challenges. If the food prepared for this one

man was distributed to shelters, imagine how many hungry

people would be fed!


53


Conclusion:Restate yourposition.

Fans of eating competitions should realize the world is full

of starving people. Band together to feed the hungry rather

than stuffing your bellies!


Even eating contests that are supposed to be for a good

cause, like the “Big Teplitzky Challenge,” have negative

points. The event is a fundraiser for those facing hardships in

the city, but money that could be given to the cause is spent

on the meals made for the competition. Not to mention the

fact that most of the prepared food will go uneaten anyway.

Why not just donate all the money raised instead?

Body:Begin eachparagraph with a generalizationand then include specific examples.

54

The End

1 UNIT 5. 2 Task I Listen to the audio. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words provided. GETTING READY Dear David, Hola from 1 __________!

Documents

fried food

flavorful food

readythe food

small plates of food

s of time

lengthy fiesta simmer

staple dish

pork dish