1 Thomas Watteyne @ EDERC 2010 2. Industrial Developments.

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Thomas Watteyne @ EDERC 2010

2. Industrial Developments

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Section 2 - Overview

2. Industrial Developments2.1 Standardization Bodies2.2 Startups2.3 Conclusions


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2.1 Standardization Bodies

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What are Standards?

• Normative standardization documents are– elaborated by a community– publicly available without any discriminatory conditions– published by Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs)

• SDO (Standards Developing Organization):– publish standards which – rely upon national or international regulations

• Further facts about standards:– pushed for by consortia or forums– popularity is reflected by the market – serve as references for compliance purposes


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Benefit of Standards

• Service Providers benefit because– they can design, develop and operate a wide range of services– whatever the underlying but standard-compliant, heterogeneous technologies

• Vendors benefit because – they can access markets more easily with standard-compliant products– proprietary technologies are restricted to niche markets (at best)– at the risk of blurring competitive differentiation

• Customers benefit because – they can access a wide range of services– without the burden of being tied to a given service provider or technology


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Corporate View

• Standardization as a profitable business:– defend business stakes– promote patents through the enforcement of a consistent IPR policy

• Standardization as a decision-making tool:– privileged space for consolidating and developing leadership positions

• Speed up the introduction of new products and/or services:– facilitated by a set of available standards

• Slow down the standardization process:– to extend the lifetime of an already-introduced yet proprietary product or service


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Regulatory View

• Technology space is very complex:– stringent regulations are hence needed– to facilitate control and possible billing (e.g. UMTS spectrum license)

• Standards serve as the technical references for regulation rules:– European directives and derived domestic laws– part of the legal resolution of conflicts between competitors – and/or customers and service providers

• Part of the corporate strategy:– corporate solutions evolve in a regulated manner– mainly if regulators see a (financial) opportunity


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Standardization Bodies

• Standards Developing Organization bodies can be – international (e.g. ITU-T, ISO, IEEE), – regional (e.g. ANSI, ETSI), or – national (e.g. CCSA)

• Standardization efforts pertinent to WSNs are:– IEEE (link and physical layer solutions)– ETSI (complete M2M solutions)– ISA (regulation for control systems)

– IETF (routing and network solutions)


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IEEE – Overview

• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers:– is one of the leading standards-making organizations in the world – Standardization through IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA)

• IEEE standards affect a wide range of industries: – power and energy– biomedical and healthcare– information technology– telecommunications– transportation– nanotechnology, etc.

• IEEE has close to 900 active standards, with 500 standards under development.


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IEEE – The 802 “soup”• 802.1 High Level Interface (HILI) Working Group• 802.3 CSMA/CD (Ethernet) Working Group• 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN) Working Group• 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) Working Group

– TG1 – WPAN, Bluetooth– TG3c - mmWave– TG4c - WPAN Alternative PHY for China– TG4d - WPAN Alternative PHY for Japan– TG4e - WPAN Enhancements– TG4f - RFID– TG4g - Smart Utility Neighborhood– TG5 - WPAN Mesh Networking– TG6 - Body Area Networks – TG7 - Visible Light Communication– IGthz - Interest Group Terahertz– WNG - Standing Committee Wireless Next Generation

• 802.16 Broadband Wireless Acces s (BWA) Working Group• 802.17 Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) Working Group• 802.18 Radio Regulatory Technical Advisory Group• 802.19 Coexistence Technical Advisory Group• 802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Acces s Working Group• 802.21 Media Independent Handover Working Group• 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks Working Group


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IEEE – WSN Related Standards

• The IEEE usually standardizes:– PHY layer of the transmitter – MAC protocol rules

• The following IEEE standards are applicable to WSNs:– IEEE 802.15.4 (technology used by ZigBee and IETF 6LowPan)– IEEE 802.15.1 (technology used by Bluetooth/WiBree)– IEEE 802.11x (technology used by WiFi)

• Some facts and comments:– IEEE 802.15.4 has been the obvious choice but will get – serious competition from ultra-low power (ULP) IEEE 802.15.1 (WiBree)– low power IEEE 802.11 solutions are emerging (e.g. Marvell)


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IETF – Overview

• Internet Engineering Task Force:– formed in 1986– not approved by the US government– composed of individuals, not companies– quoting the spirit: “We reject kings, presidents and voting. We believe in rough

consensus and running code.” D. Clark, 1992

• Quick overview on the IETF:– meets 3 times a year, and gathers an average of 1,300 individuals– more than 120 active working groups organized into 8 areas– IETF management (including area directors) is chosen by the community


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IETF – Overview

• General scope of IETF:– above the wire/link and below the application– TCP/IP protocol suite: IP, TCP, routing protocols, etc.

• However, layers are getting fuzzy:– MAC & application layers influence routing in WSN– hence a constant exploration of "edges"

• Some curiosities:– there is no formal recognition for IETF standards by governments or SDOs– IETF publications are very interesting for SDOs because of quick implementation


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IETF – WSN Related Standards

• IETF 6LoWPAN [2005]– add IPv6 capabilities to wireless sensors– end-to-end connectivity to/from the Internet

• IETF ROLL [2007]– identify application domains– define a routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

• IETF 6LoWApp [2009]– what goes on top of IP?– brand new…


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2.2 Startups

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Dust Networks [US]

• Dust Networks facts:– founded in 2002 by industry pioneer Prof. Kris Pister, Berkeley, USA– vision of a world of ubiquitous sensing – a world of connected sensors scattered around

like specs of dust, or smart dust, gathering information economically and reliably, that had previously been impractical or impossible to acquire

– inventors of TSMP which are used in ISA100, Wireless HART and IEEE 802.15.4E– emphasis on industrial control


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Arch Rock [US]

• Arch Rock facts:– founded in May 2005 with a vision of providing a high quality, seamless integration of the

physical and virtual worlds that would enhance the information awareness of the individual and the enterprise

– company builds upon a decade of research at the University of California, Berkeley and Intel Research by David Culler et al.

– founder of a new operating system, TinyOS and Berkeley Mote, for small wirelessly connected computers that sense the physical environment and form vast embedded networks; emphasis on environmental monitoring & ind. control


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Crossbow [US]

• Crossbow facts:– Global Leader in Sensory Systems; founded in 1995 by Mike Horton– Products MEMS-Based Inertial Systems & Wireless Sensor Networking– World-Wide Employee Base; Headquartered in San Jose, CA– $25M in Venture Capital– Cisco Systems, Intel Corporation, Morgenthaler Ventures, Paladin Capital– emphasis on asset management & tracking


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Coronis/Elster [FR, US]

• Coronis, France, (now bought by Elster, USA) in short:


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Sensinode [FI]

• Sensinode facts:– leader in IP-based wireless sensor network (WSN) technology– 1st on the market with a 6lowpan stack– 6lowpan products and services: 6lowpan Devkits, Network Products, NanoStack 6lowpan

Stack– Engineering Services– Sensinode is headquartered in Finland– A 2005 spin-off of the University of Oulu, Finland based on a decade of research


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Worldsensing [ES]

• Worldsensing facts:– addressing Smart Parking/City, Smart Construction, Smart-* markets– winner of IBM Smart Camp London 2010 competition– intelligent technology and software providing end-to-end solutions


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etc.


Adurahttp://www.aduratech.com/

Berkeley Lighting control

Arch Rockhttp://www.archrock.com/

Berkeley

Elster Coronishttp://www.coronis.com/

Montpellier, France Automated Meter Reading

Crossbowhttp://www.xbow.com/

Berkeley

Dust Networkshttp://www.dustnetworks.com/

Berkeley Industrial Automation

Emberhttp://www.ember.com/

MIT

Federspiel Controlshttp://www.federspielcontrols.com/

Berkeley HVAC

Libeliumhttp://www.libelium.com/

Zaragoza, Spain

Maxforhttp://www.maxfor.co.kr/

Seongnam, South Korea

Millenial Nethttp://www.millennial.net/

MIT Smart Energy

Sensicast Systemshttp://www.sensicast.com/

Pinpoint

Sensinodehttp://www.sensinode.com/

Oulu, Finland

Sensys Networkshttp://www.sensysnetworks.com/

Berkeley Traffic light sensor

Sentilla (was MoteIV)http://www.sentilla.com/

Berkeley

Skywise Systemshttp://www.skywisesystems.com/

Beijing, China

Smartgrainshttp://www.smartgrains.com/

Paris, France Smart Parking

Streetline Networkshttp://www.streetlinenetworks.com/

Berkeley Smart Parking

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2.3 Conclusions

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Conclusions

• The Past– loads of proprietary wireless solutions have been mushrooming over past decade– no or little inter-operability between these solutions– danger of de-fragmented market is a reality

• The Present– proprietary solutions are still being developed and pushed for– however, standardization is wrapping up at all layers of the stack

• The Future– integration of the to-be-finalized standards– realization of Internet-of-Things


1 Thomas Watteyne @ EDERC 2010 2. Industrial Developments.

Documents

leading standards

active standards

service thomas watteyne

technology thomas watteyne

set of available standards

conclusions thomas watteyne

world standardization

standardization process