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Slide 1
1 Settlement functions Functions are like parties, yeh?
Slide 2
2 FUNCTION INTRODUCTION Last week, we talked about the kinds of
reasons that towns and villages WERE sited and situated and also
the settlement shapes This week we are going to look at the
purposes or functions they fulfil NOW Different settlements have
different functions (e.g. resort, port, market town, industrial
town). What is a resort?
Slide 3
3 What kind of town does she live in? I live in a _____ town.
My husband runs a farm. This is where we come to buy and sell
things. INDUSTRIAL PORT RESORT MARKET
Slide 4
4 What kind of town does he live in? I live in an __________
town. I use things produced from farmers to make other things.
INDUSTRIAL PORT HOLIDAY RESORT MARKET
Slide 5
5 What kind of town does he live in? I live in a ______. This
is where people and goods leave our country and arrive from other
places.. INDUSTRIAL HOLIDAY RESORT MARKET PORT
Slide 6
6 What kind of town does he live in? I live in a __________.
This is where people come from other places to relax and enjoy
themselves. INDUSTRIAL HOLIDAY RESORT MARKET PORT
Slide 7
7 Where are we mostly likely to find these? FACTORY FUNFAIR
HOUSES MARKET PLACE SHOPS DOCKS COAL MINE In a port, an industrial
town, a market town or tourist resort? (the answer maybe all of
them!)
Slide 8
8 We have already learnt that we find certain types of
buildings along with certain types of function. For example
factories are found in industrial settlements. INDICATOR We can say
that a factory is an INDICATOR of an industrial settlement
DEFINITION INDICATOR a person or object that shows us the function
of a settlement.
Slide 9
9 What kind of things would be indicators of these settlement
function types? For example: SHOPS, FARMERS, TRADERS, PRODUCE,
TRANSPORT are indicators of a market town function What would be
indicators of a port an industrial town a tourist resort?
Slide 10
10 What are each of town A B C D and why? FUNFAIR FARM FACTORY
DOCK
Slide 11
11 Market Towns Market Towns tend to have the following
features Found in a fertile farming area Many services e.g. shops
and offices Good transport links - often they are route centres
They may be at the site of important bridges. Often mills were
built on the river Market places in the town centre; Markets may no
longer be held there
Slide 12
12 A model of a market town
Slide 13
13 A map of Kelso
Slide 14
14 An example of a market town is Kelso in the Scottish
Borders, which is shown on the map below. It is similar to the
model as it is a bridging point over a river, is in a farming areas
and has good transport links. It is different to the model as it
does not have a railway line.
Slide 15
15 Ports Ports tend to have the following features Found where
there are sheltered harbours Flat land for building on nearby
Modern ports need deeper water for today's larger ships Many ports
have gone through a lot of redevelopment The largest ports are
found where there is a major industrial area inland that needed a
place to import and export its goods.
Slide 16
16 A model of a port
Slide 17
17 An example of a port is Liverpool in the north-west of
England, which is shown on the map below. It is similar to the
model as it is has a sheltered harbour, is built on flat land, and
the newer docks are found downstream. It is different from the
model as Liverpool is only built on one side of the River
Mersey
Slide 18
18 Liverpool
Slide 19
19 Industrial towns "Old" Industrial Towns tend to have the
following features Found on or near coalfields Has railways and
canals for transport Has housing and industry mixed in together
Newer industry is found on the outskirts, near main roads for
transport In the newer industrial towns planning ensures the
housing and industry are located apart.
Slide 20
20
Slide 21
21 Barnsley Barnsley is in Yorkshire, England. It is similar to
the model as it is built on a coalfield and has canals. It is
different from the model as it has good motorway links.
Slide 22
22 Barnsley
Slide 23
23 Besides ports, resorts, market towns or industrial towns
What other functions can you think of?
Slide 24
24 Settlement functions Residential a major function of many
settlements is to give people a place to live. In some places, this
is the main function, as there are few services and no industry.
These are known as dormitory towns or commuter towns e.g.?? Another
sort of residential function is one that concentrates on serving
retires people E.g. Frinton near London And parts of Florida in
America these places will have services but those needed
particularly by the elderly
Slide 25
25 Settlement functions Administrative - such as county towns
that employ a large number of people as civil servants and are
centres of local government For example, where is your local
government centre?
Slide 26
26 Settlement functions Commercial or retail shopping centres
and recreation facilities, such as sports centres and cinemas,
provide services for people. They usually have good transport links
so that people come from the surrounding districts to use the
facilities. Where is there a commercial centre near you?
Slide 27
27 Settlement functions Services such as schools, universities,
regional hospitals and libraries, such as Oxford Tourism we have
mentioned seaside resorts already. But there are others types of
tourist settlement. Many settlements in National Park also have a
tourist function. Also major cities such as London and Paris also
fulfil a tourist function. Can you think of tourist centres near
you?
Slide 28
28 Settlement function change Retail change: town centres
decline as supermarkets and larger shops move out of town to retail
parks eg? Changes in planning policy brown field sites such as old
abandoned industrial areas are being redeveloped for housing and
leisure e.g Docklands in London
Slide 29
29 Settlement function change Social change for example more
people can afford to go abroad so typical seaside resorts like
Blackpool and Morecombe have declined. Fishing villages in Spain
have become tourist resorts instead. Any others ?
Slide 30
30 Homework Do you know places that have different main
function? Can you think of indicators that show that you choice of
main function is reasonable? Try to think of 4 but if you are
stuck, 3 will be fine!