1 Postharvest Practices: Experiences and Best Practices in Israel and Thailand 28 Mar-8 April 2011 Mr. Khean Sovannara Mr. Chou Cheythyrith, Mr. Chou Cheythyrith,

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Postharvest Practices: Experiences and Postharvest Practices: Experiences and Best Practices in Israel and ThailandBest Practices in Israel and Thailand

28 Mar-8 April 201128 Mar-8 April 2011

Mr. Khean SovannaraMr. Khean Sovannara Mr. Chou CheythyrithMr. Chou Cheythyrith, ,

Outline

I. General information.

II. Agriculture Production

III. Post-harvest Technology

IV. Conclusion

Chapter I

General Information

Country Profile

I. General information

Capital Phnom Penh

Land Area 181,035 sq.km

Population : 14.6 (2009 est.):

Rural Population: 82%

Agric. contribute about 33.5% of the GDP and

agriculture grow is about 5.7% in 2009.

Crop production was 52.9% of the total contribution.

MAJOR RICE AREASMAJOR RICE AREAS

Economy

• Rice cropping plays an important role in the economy

• Per capita GDP :$731. (2009 est.)

• Annual growth rate :6.05%. (2008 est.)

• Agriculture (32% of GDP, 2007 est.): Products--rice, rubber, corn, meat, vegetables, dairy products, sugar, flour.

• Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 75%

TABLE 8: MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS, 1994, 1999, 2001-2008

Rice Ecosystem

1. Rainfed upland rice

2. Rainfed lowland rice

3. Dry season irrigated rice and

4. Deep-water or floating rice

Part II

Agricultural Production

Rice Production• Rice: staple food of CambodiaRice: staple food of Cambodia• Paddy field about 2.5 million haPaddy field about 2.5 million ha• Average yield about 2.8 ton/ha Average yield about 2.8 ton/ha • Irrigation facility 22 % of total Irrigation facility 22 % of total

cultivated areacultivated area• Forests cover 53 % of Cambodia's landForests cover 53 % of Cambodia's land• Recent production about 6 million tonsRecent production about 6 million tons• Rice surplus more than 3 million tonsRice surplus more than 3 million tons

• Agriculture - products:Agriculture - products: rice, rubber, corn, rice, rubber, corn,

vegetables, cashews, tapiocavegetables, cashews, tapioca

Vegetables Production in the Year 2009-2010

Description Wet season Dry season Total

Cultivated area 28,474 ha 21,804 ha 50,278 ha

Average Yield 5.744 T/ha 7.30 T/ha 6.419 T/ha

Production 163,555 T 159,176 T 322,731 T

Fruits • Fruit are traditionally cultivated all over the country, on a

small scale basis near houses integrating many kind of fruit tree, there is a great diversity of species and nearly all tropical fruits are grown in Cambodia

• Recently there has been some investment on tropical fruit trees production by local people in the potential areas, particularly in Kompong Cham, Kompot, Speu, Battombong, Kompong Thom and Kandal. The area is about 89,981ha

• Recently there has been some investment on tropical fruit trees production by local people in the potential areas, particularly in Kompong Cham, Kompot, Kompong Speu, Battombong, Kompong Thom and Kandal. The area is about 89,981ha

Fruits

Total Rice area : 2.585,905 ha Total Maize area : 77.304 haTotal cassava area : 22.507 haTotal Sweet potato area : 5.237 haTotal Mung bean area : 37.199 haTotal Ground nut area : 18.009 haTotal Soybean area : 83.499 haTotal Sugar cane area : 6.739 haTotal Sesame area : 57.318 haTotal Vegetable area : 32.314 haTotal Fruits area : 120,000 haFlowers (Small size of planted area in family)

Agricultural Situation

Part III

Post Harvest Practices

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Agricultural marketing system

Farmers

Middlemen/traders

Wholesalers

Exporters

Retailers Consumers

• Mostly rice farmers harvest rice, vegetables and fruit crops by hand.

• Post-harvest estimated at least 25-40% due to the lack of knowledge, techniques, proper packing and storage.

Storage and Threshing

Transportation

Drying and packaging chili for exporting to Thailand

Organic Chili Production supported by FAO-IFAD Project

Packaging and some export products

Part IV

Conclusion

Conclusion

• There are so many factors result in low quality and high post-harvest losses such as poor infrastructure and limited resources.

• Based on Government policy to promote exportation, diversification including market-oriented and value added strategy, post harvest technology is improving.

Conclusion (Cont)

• We look forward to share and learn more from GMS countries and others.

• Future cooperation is mostly welcomed to Cambodia

Thank you very muchfor

Your Attention