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Mar 26, 2015
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Oracle’s High-Availability Vision: What’s New in Oracle Database 11g Release 2Juan LoaizaSenior Vice President, Oracle System Technology
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Oracle High Availability Architecture
1. Scale-Out & Low-Cost– High-volume hardware– All components active
2. Application Oriented– Protect and recover application objects– Enable online application changes
3. Integrated & Simple– Availability integrated into all components– Automated
4. Complete & Open– Handles all planned and unplanned downtime– Pluggable components
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Oracle’s Database HA
Server Failures
Data Failures
System Changes
App Changes
UnplannedDowntime
PlannedDowntime
Data Changes
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Server Failures
Data Failures
System Changes
App Changes
UnplannedDowntime
PlannedDowntime
Real Application Clusters (RAC)
Best-of-Breed Server ProtectionAt Lowest Cost
Data Changes
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• Scale workloads across multiple low cost servers• Consolidate into fewer servers and databases• Runs all Oracle database applications• Built-in HA
HR SALES ERP
Real Application Clusters
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• A virtualized single instance database – Omotion - live migration of instances
across servers• Move services, then shutdown
transactional– Built-in cluster failover for high availability
• Better than OS level virtualization– Rolling database patches– Manage fewer Operating Systems
• 10 DBs on a node does not mean 10 Operating Systems to manage
– Rolling OS upgrades
New in 11.2RAC One NodeVirtualization Benefits for Oracle Databases
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Data Corruptions
Storage Failures
SiteFailures
Human ErrorsServer
Failures
Data Failures
System Changes
App Changes
UnplannedDowntime
PlannedDowntime
Data Changes
Best-of-Breed Data Failure ProtectionAt Lowest Cost
FlashbackRMAN
Oracle Secure Backup
ASMData Guard
Streams
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0
20
40
60
80
• Flashback revolutionizes error recovery– View ‘good’ data as of a past point-in-time– Simply rewind data changes– Time to correct error equals time to make error
Correction Time = Error Time + f(DB_SIZE)
• Low impact, easy – simple commands, no complex procedure• Flashback Query, Table, Transaction, Database, Drop• SQL> flashback database to <timestamp>;
• Enhancements in 11.2:• Flashback database performance & monitoring optimizations• Flashback archive support for schema evolution
Re
cove
ry T
ime
Traditional Recovery
Flashback
Flashback TechnologiesError Detection & Correction
New in 11.2
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Oracle Enterprise Manager
RMAN
Data Files
Fast Recovery Area
Tape Drive
Oracle Secure Backup • Intrinsic knowledge of database file
formats and recovery procedures• Block validation• Online block-level recovery• Unused block compression• Online, multi-streamed backup• Native encryption
• Recovery Manager (RMAN) manages Database Backup & Recovery
Cloud
Oracle Backup & RecoveryIntegrated Disk, Tape & Cloud Backup
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• Backup compression: popular way to save on storage
• Multiple RMAN backup compression levels– Choose between compression levels & backup
throughput• [BASIC] | HIGH | MEDIUM | LOW
New in 11.2Multiple RMAN Compression LevelsMore Cost Savings
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Oracle Enterprise Manager
Oracle DatabaseOracle Database
RMAN Integration
File System DataFile System Data
Oracle Secure Backup
Tape Library
Virtual Tape
Library (VTL)
Tape Backup for Oracle Environment
• Built-in Oracle Integration
• 25 – 40% faster than leading competition
• 4X less expensive than comparable products
• Supports Oracle Database 11g through Oracle9i
Oracle Secure BackupEnterprise Tape Backup Management
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Amazon S3
• Oracle Secure Backup Cloud module: Backup databases to Amazon Cloud– Complements local disk and/or tape backup– Eliminates IT management overhead of a disaster recovery site
Oracle Secure Backup Cloud
Module
Database Files / Fast Recovery Area
RMAN RMAN
Compression / Encryption
Oracle Secure Backup Cloud ModuleOffsite Database Backups in the Cloud
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3rd Party FSApplicationDatabase
ASM Disk
Group
• ASM dynamic volume manager supports file systems• ASM directly supports Clusterware files – Cluster Repository, Voting Disk• Built-in mirroring protects from disk failures• Enables auto-repair from corrupt blocks using a valid mirror copy
Automatic Storage Management (ASM)Stores & Manages All Data
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• Manage both database & file system data– E.g.: Oracle & Application binaries, trace
files, alert logs, BFILEs, image files, etc.
• Clustered or local file system– Data stored in ASM– Inherits all ASM manageability benefits
• Online disk add/drop/rebalance• Integrated mirroring• Cross-platform
• Read-Only Snapshots– Up to 63 point-in-time space efficient
copies of file system
• Linux and Windows only in first release
Shared File System
New in 11.2ASM Cluster File SystemOracle Management of File System Data
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Data Corruptions
Storage Failures
SiteFailures
Human ErrorsServer
Failures
Data Failures
UnplannedDowntime
Active-Active AvailabilityMinimizing Downtime During Site Failures
Data GuardGoldenGate
Streams
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Network
Broker
ProductionDatabase
LogicalStandby
SQLApply
Open R/O withActive Data Guard
Transform Redo to SQL
PhysicalStandby
DIGITAL DATA STORAGE
DIGITAL DATA STORAGE
Backup
Redo Apply
Sync or Async Redo Shipping
Boston
Chicago
Dallas
Open R/W forperipheral writes
Oracle Data GuardBest Disaster Recovery
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• Queries on standby database concurrent with apply• Available with Physical Standby in 11.1– Handles all data types, very fast, operationally simple
• Eliminates cost of DR– All hardware used for production load
PhysicalStandby Database
Primary Database
Real-time Queries
Continuous Redo Shipment and Apply
Concurrent Real-Time
Query
New in 11.1Active Data GuardOffload Queries to Standby
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Scalable Reader Farm
ProductionDatabase
Updates
Queries
Queries
Queries
Queries
• Up to 30 active standby databases
• Flexible options to scale read performance
• Add more active standby databases
• Scale active standby databases using Oracle RAC
New in 11.2Oracle Active Data GuardRead Scalability, with DR
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Active StandbyDatabase
PrimaryDatabase
Continuous redo shipping validation & apply
• Automatically repair block corruptions online • Primary repaired from standby and vice-versa
New in 11.2Oracle Active Data GuardAuto Block Protection
Read/WriteWorkload
Real-time Reporting
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• Use Standby Database for testing and development– Eliminates cost of DR– Justify full scale test and DR
environments by combining into one
• Preserves zero data loss while in test/dev mode– But no real time query or fast failover
• Similar to storage snapshots, but:– Provides DR at the same time– Single copy of storage
Physical Standby Apply Logs
Snapshot Standby Perform Testing
Open Database
Back out Changes
Continuous Redo Shipping
New in 11.1Snapshot Standby Test with Production Data Before Deployment
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StandbyDatabase
PrimaryDatabase
FAN enabled
JDBC and OCI
clientsWide Area Network (ASYNC)
• Automate client failover with role-based services and FAN
New in 11.2Oracle Data GuardBetter Application Availability
New PrimaryDatabase
Auto-start of primary database services
Fast notification of application clients
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Active StandbyDatabase
• Automatically enforce service levels for standby queries
PrimaryDatabase
Read/WriteWorkload
Continuous redo shipping validation & apply
• Query receives error if data delay exceeds SLA
• Applications can redirect query to primary
New in 11.2Oracle Active Data GuardEnsure Service Levels for Query Latency
Real-time Reporting
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• Additional Data Type support:– Basic Table Compression– OLTP Table Compression– SecureFiles• Without deduplication
– Online Table Redefinition– Extended data type support for SDO_GEOMETRY (SQL Apply)
New in 11.2Additional Data Type SupportBoth Data Guard SQL Apply & Streams
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• Critical Data Guard metrics reported on HA console
Comprehensive Data Guard MonitoringUsing Enterprise Manager 10g Release 5
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Apply1Capture
Apply2
Redo Logs
Non-Oracle Database
• Active-active databases with automatic conflict detection & optional resolution
• Provides HA for custom apps where update conflicts can be avoided or managed
Transparent Gateway
Propagate
Target Database
SourceDatabase
Oracle StreamsBuilt-in Oracle Database Replication Solution
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• Extended Streams - XStream– API for fast real-time access to changes in Oracle database– Client attaches directly to Streams apply process using OCI/Java
– Outbound server (XStream Out) • Stream changes out of the Oracle database
– Inbound server (XStream In) • Stream changes from external
sources into an Oracle database
XStream
New in 11.2XStreamFast Real-Time Programmatic Access to Data Changes
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• Performance optimizations of uni-directional Streams extended to one-to-many
• Faster transformations – Statement DML Handlers• Up to 4x faster than procedural DML handlers
– New Declarative Transformation - Keep Columns
• Extensive tuning throughout Streams
• Improved JMS integration and faster Streams Advanced Queuing – AQ dequeue is 30%-100% faster than previous releases
New in 11.2Better Streams Performance
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GoldenGate
• Best-in-class leader in real-time data solutions• Continuous Availability for heterogeneous
systems• Real-time data access for Reporting• Real-time data for BI, EPM, Exadata• Zero-downtime migrations / upgrades to Oracle
Database and Applications
• Over 400 customers with 4,000+ implementations across Fortune 500 companies: Financial Services, Communications, Healthcare, Public Sector, Retail & Utilities industries
• Top 3 of 5 largest commercial banks • Top 3 of 3 busiest ATM networks• Top 7 of 10 financial data services companies• Top 4 of 5 telecommunications providers• Top 3 of 5 largest food & drug stores
Real-time information
Real-time Access
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Databases O/S and Platforms
Capture: Oracle DB2 Microsoft SQL Server Sybase ASE Teradata Enscribe SQL/MP SQL/MX
Delivery - all listed above, plus: HP Neoview, Netezza, Greenplum, and
any ODBC compatible databases ETL products JMS message queues MySQL TimesTen
• Windows 2000, 2003, XP• Linux
• Sun Solaris
• HP NonStop
• HP-UX
• HP TRU64
• HP OpenVMS
• IBM AIX
• IBM z/OS
GoldenGate for Heterogeneous Platforms
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• GoldenGate is Oracle’s strategic replication solution• Streams continues to be a supported Oracle Database feature• Best Streams technology will be integrated into GoldenGate
GoldenGate and Streams
Oracle StreamsOracle GoldenGate
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GoldenGate and Data Guard
• Information Distribution & Consolidation, Application Upgrades & Changes– Use GoldenGate - heterogeneous, active-active, transformations, subsetting
• Disaster Recovery / Data Protection / HA– Simple Full Oracle Database Protection
• Use Active Data Guard• High-performance, simple, drop-in solution for HA and DR, readable at standby• Works for all apps and data types, including packaged apps that can’t be changed
– Application desiring flexible HA, active-active, schema changes, platform changes• Use GoldenGate• Avoid or manage active-active conflicts at application level
• Combine the two for full database protection and information distribution
Oracle Active Data
Guard
Oracle DB Primary Oracle DB Standby
Heterogeneous
Distributed
Fully-active
Subset
Replicas
Oracle GoldenGate
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Server Failures
Data Failures
System Changes
Data Changes
UnplannedDowntime
PlannedDowntime
App Changes
Best Online Planned MaintenanceAt Lowest Cost
Online ReconfigurationRolling Upgrades
Online Redefinition
Edition-based Redefinition
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• Servers– Add/Remove RAC nodes online– No data movement needed
• Storage– Add/Remove ASM disks or arrays online– Automatically rebalance after storage change
• Clusterware, ASM– Upgrade Oracle Clusterware and ASM (11g)
in an online manner
Database
Storage
Online ReconfigurationScaling on Demand
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Online Patching and Upgrades
• Most one-off patches can be applied to a running Oracle instance– Linux-x86, Solaris 10, HP-UX 11i– [New in 11.2] Windows 32-bit and Windows 64-bit, AIX v6.1 [TL2 SP1]
• More complex one-off patches can be deployed online using RAC rolling patches (available 10g onwards)
• Database release/patchset upgrades, operating system upgrades, platform migrations can be applied in rolling fashion using Data Guard / GoldenGate / Streams
• Data Center moves / SAN migration / Technology Refresh etc. can be done with minimal downtime using Data Guard / GoldenGate / Streams
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• All index changes can be done online– 11gR1 – table is never locked during online index creation
• Tables can be Reorganized & Redefined online– Allows changing location, table type, partitioning, columns, column types– Contents can be transformed as they are copied
Source Table
Update Tracking
Transform CopyTable
TransformUpdates
Result Table
Continuous Queries & Updates
Store Updates
Online Index & Table Redefinition
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Edition-based RedefinitionOverview
• Enables online application patches and upgrades
• Allows old and new version of application to co-exist even though schema is changed by new version
• Capabilities primarily used by application developers
New in 11.2
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• Maintains logical versions of changed database objects, through:– Edition– Editioning View– Crossedition Trigger
• PL/SQL code changes and view changes installed in the privacy of a new edition
• New data changes made to new columns/tables not seen by old edition
• Editioning view exposes a private projection of a table into each edition
• Crossedition trigger propagates changes made by old edition into new edition’s columns, or vice-versa
Pre-upgrade Edition
New in 11.2
Post-upgrade Edition
CrosseditionTriggers
Edition-based RedefinitionHow Does it Work?
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End-to-End Availability
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Sun Oracle Database Machine
© 2009 Oracle Corporation - Confidential 40
• Grid is the architecture of the future• Highest performance, lowest cost, incrementally scalable
• Redundant and Fault Tolerant
• Sun Oracle Database Machine delivers the first and only complete grid architecture for all data management needs
Exadata Storage Server Grid• 14 High-performance storage
servers• 5TB flash storage• Data is mirrored across storage
servers
Oracle Database Server Grid• 8 High-performance compute
servers
InfiniBand Network• 40 Gb/sec fault-tolerant unified
server and storage network
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WANWAN
• Protection from– Server Failures– Storage Failures– Network Failures– Site Failures
• Real-time remote standby open for queries
• Human error correction – Database, table, row, transaction level
• Online indexing and table redefinition• Online patching and upgrades
Real Application
Clusters
Real Application
Clusters
ASMASM
Fast Recovery Area
Fast Recovery Area
Active Data Guard
Active Data Guard
Oracle Secure Backup
Oracle Secure Backup
Database Technology Drives Availability
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• Backup & Recovery– Backup shows extreme performance and scalability using Exadata– Full Database Backup to tape demonstrated at 7.8 TB/hr
Limited by tape performance of 14 tape drives used in test
– Incremental backup to tape at 10% change rate: 70TB/hr– Single RMAN backup channel runs full backup to disk at 2.5 TB/hr
• Data Guard– Full DR demonstrated with uncompressed loads over 2TB/hour – Compressed tables reduce redo & net traffic enhancing Data Guard• 5 TB/hour load rates with Data Guard into compressed tables
– 5 customers have implemented Data Guard on a Database Machine in first year
Database Machine HA Metrics
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Oracle High Availability Architecture
1. Scale-Out & Low-Cost– High-volume hardware– All components active
2. Application Oriented– Protect and recover application objects– Enable online application changes
3. Integrated & Simple– Availability integrated into all components– Automated
4. Complete & Open– Handles all planned and unplanned downtime– Pluggable components
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HA Sessions, Labs, & Demos by Oracle Development
Sunday, 11 October – Hilton Hotel Imperial Ballroom B
3:45p Online Application Upgrade
Monday, 12 October – Marriott Hotel Golden Gate B1
11:30a Introducing Oracle GoldenGate Products
Monday, 12 October – Moscone South
1:00p Oracle’s HA Vision: What’s New in 11.2, Room 103
2:30p Oracle Streams: What's New in 11.2, Room 301
4:00p Database 11g: Performance Innovations, Room 103
5:30p Comparing Data Protection Solutions, Room 102
Tuesday, 13 October – Moscone South
11:30a Oracle Streams: Replication Made Easy, Room 308
11:30a Backup & Recovery on the Database Machine, Room 307
11:30a Next-Generation Database Grid Overview, Room 103
1:00p Oracle Data Guard: What’s New in 11.2, Room 104
2:30p GoldenGate and Streams - The Future, Room 270
2:30p Backup & Recovery Best Practices, Room 104
2:30p Single-Instance RAC, Room 300
4:00p Enterprise Manager HA Best Practices, Room 303
Tuesday, 13 October – Marriott Hotel Golden Gate B1
11:30a GoldenGate Zero-Downtime Application Upgrades
1:00p GoldenGate Deep Dive: Architecture for Real-Time
Wednesday, 14 October – Moscone South
10:15a Announcing OSB 10.3, Room 300
11:45a Active Data Guard, Room 103
5:00p Exadata Storage & Database Machine, Room 104
Thursday, 15 October – Moscone South
9:00a Empowering Availability for Apps, Room 300
12:00p Exadata Technical Deep Dive, Room 307
1:30p Zero-Downtime DB Maintenance, Room 103
Demos Moscone West DEMOGrounds
Mon & Tue 10:30a - 6:30p; Wed 9:15a - 5:15p
Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA), W-045
Oracle Streams: Replication & Advanced Queuing, W-043
Oracle Active Data Guard, W-048
Oracle Secure Backup, W-044
Oracle Recovery Manager & Flashback, W-046
Oracle GoldenGate, 3709
Hands-on Labs Marriott Hotel Golden Gate B2
Monday 11:30a-2:00p Oracle Active Data Guard, Parts I & II
Thursday 9:00a-11:30a Oracle Active Data Guard, Parts I & II
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Complete List of New HA FeaturesOracle Database 11g Release 2Oracle Database 11g Release 1
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Data Guard
• Active Data Guard:• Online block repair• Query SLA
• Primary with 30 standbys• Parallel local & remote SYNC
transport• Retrieve remaining redo from
primary before failover• Improved client failover
• Role-based services• Broker support for ONS• Support auto-client failover
for logical standby for JDBC, OCI, ODP.Net
• No shutdown of RAC instances in old standby for switchover
• No shutdown moving from Max Availability to Max Protection
• Comprehensive support for compressed redo transport
Data Guard (contd.)
• SQL Apply support of OLTP Compression, SecureFiles, XA in RAC, Online Redefinition & Edition-based Redefinition, SDO_GEOMETRY (EDS)
• Use logical standby as Streams source
Streams
• XStream IN & OUT• Statement DML Handlers • Better infrastructure to track
changes to table data• New Declarative
Transformation: keep_columns
• Optimized one-to-many propagation
• AQ: Improved JMS integration & performance improvements
• Support of OLTP Compression, SecureFiles, Online Redefinition
RAC
• Server pools• RAC One Node• Omotion
ASM
• Cluster File System• OCR & Voting Disk in ASM
Flashback
• Flashback Database: better performance for direct loads
• Flashback Database: enable while database is open
• Flashback Database: better monitoring of progress
• Flashback Transaction: track foreign key dependency
Complete List of New HA FeaturesOracle Database 11g Release 2
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Online Patching & Upgrades
• Edition-based Redefinition using Edition, Editioning View and Crossedition Trigger
• Online Patching for Windows & AIX
RMAN
• Multiple compression levels• Target-less DUPLICATE• Optimized checks for
DUPLICATE• Expanded DUPLICATE
options• Enhanced tablespace point-in-
time recovery using transportable tablespace and Data Pump
• Improved flexibility of SET NEWNAME
• Faster transportable database
OSB 10.3
• Server-less tape duplication for VTL using NDMP tape copy
• Better automation for tape vaulting
• Support for IPv6 as well as IPv4
• Supports LTO-4 tape drive encryption
• Manages encryption key seamlessly between native or LTO-4 encryption
• More comprehensive backup / restore monitoring
• Verification of tape device configurations
Grid Control 10.2.0.5
• HA Console• MAA Advisor• Minimal downtime ASM
migration & RAC conversion• Streams dashboard and
improved monitoring of Streams configurations.
• Database Clone from existing database backups
• Comprehensive OSB management
• OSB File System Backup/Restore and reports
• Task based workflow for mining redo and archived logs
Complete List of New HA FeaturesOracle Database 11g Release 2
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Clusters• Better performance,
failover, management• Seamless integration with
XA and Microsoft Transaction Server
• Optimized Cache Fusion protocols
ASM• Temporarily freeze I/O to
unresponsive storage and replay writes when it returns
• Rolling Upgrade for ASM instances
Data Guard - Generic Snapshot standby Fast-Start Failover in secs Fast-Start Failover for
asynchronous mode Fast Redo Transport Redo Transport Compression
for gaps SYS user no longer required
for redo shipping Standby across
Linux/Windows on x86
Flashback Flashback Transaction Flashback Data Archive
Data Guard SQL Apply Support XMLType data
type (CLOB) Support Transparent Data
Encryption (TDE) Apply performance
improved significantly Support Fine Grained
Auditing Support Virtual Private
Database
Data Guard Redo Apply Active Data Guard New parallel media
recovery doubles redo apply performance
Fast Incremental Backup Better RMAN integration
Complete List of New HA FeaturesOracle Database 11g Release 1
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Upgrades• Online patching• Transient logical standby
Online Redefinition• Fast add column with default
value• Invisible Indexes prevent
premature use of newly created indexes
• Online index build with NO pause to DML
• No recompilation of dependent objects
• Easier to execute table DDL operations online
Streams Support XMLType data type
(CLOB) Support Transparent Data
Encryption (TDE) Apply performance improved
significantly Support AWR, ADDM, ASH Streams Performance Advisor Synchronous capture Table Data Comparison JMS/AQ performance
improvements
Backup & Recovery Data Recovery Advisor Intra-file parallel backup and
restore Faster backup compression Duplicate database over the
network Integration with Windows
Volume Shadow Copy Services (VSS) API
Integrated protection through ultra safe mode
Complete List of New HA FeaturesOracle Database 11g Release 1
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• General – Across the Platforms– Event Marker Infrastructure– Start Delivery as of CSN (Commit Sequence Number) for efficient instantiation– Enhanced Memory Management– Deferred Apply– Array Fetching to increase initial load performance
• Oracle– Additional data type support – Spatial, IOTs, Sequences, clustered table, object table– Support of Append hints (Apply only)– Increased Oracle DDL text maximum size to 2MB– Filtering by User for more efficient loop detection and capture task type separation (e.g. batch vs OLTP)– Expanded Support of ALO (Archive Log Only) mode for RAC environments
• SQL Server– SQL Server 2008 Delivery– Capture of tables without primary keys (SQL Server 2005)
• DB2 LUW– Support for Multi Dimensional Clustered Tables (MDC)– Support for Materialized Query Tables (MQT)
• NSK– Support of HP Blades– Support Primary Key Updates from Open Systems (e.g. Oracle to NSK)
• Teradata– Integration of Oracle GoldenGate Director with TMSM (Teradata Multi-System Manager)– Support of Teradata v13 – DDL replication– Support for additional platforms: Solaris 10, SUSE 9/10 – Full Unicode Support for Linux ODBC
Oracle GoldenGateKey Features in v10
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• Oracle.com:http://www.oracle.com/ha
• Oracle HA Customer Success Stories on OTN: http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/htdocs/HA_CaseStudies.html
• Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA): http://otn.oracle.com/goto/maa
• MAA Assessment: http://www.oracle.com/goto/hasurvey
Resources
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AQ&Q U E S T I O N S
A N S W E R S
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For More Information
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oracle.com
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