1 Objectives Discuss the Windows Printer Model and how it is implemented in Windows Server 2008 Install the Print Services components of Windows Server.

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Objectives

• Discuss the Windows Printer Model and how it is implemented in Windows Server 2008

• Install the Print Services components of Windows Server 2008

• Deploy printers with Windows Server 2008• Configure printers on a Windows Server 2008 network• Describe the various types of hardware used for

backups.• Understand the difference between full, incremental, and

differential backup jobs.• Compare Server 2003 and 2008 Backup programs.• Back up and restore an Active Directory database.• Use volume shadow copies.

Printer Model for Windows Server 2008• Components in Windows printing environments

– Print device– Printer driver– Printer– Print server

• In Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista, the printer driver can render print job in– Enhanced metafile (image)– XML paper specification

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Windows Printer Types

• Locally attached printers– Connected directly to a physical computer port

• Network attached printers– Using a logical printer on every client

• Each computer acts as its own print server by maintaining the printer settings and drivers

– Using a Windows Server 2008 print server• With a print server, all network clients can print through the

server when they are connected to it

• Often, File Services and Print Services are deployed on the same machine because both perform short transactions that work well together

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Configuring Printer Resources

• Sharing a stand-alone Printer– Shared printers are not available in Active Directory

by default

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Deploying Printers and Print Services

• Installing the Print Services role

• Line Printer Daemon service– Support NON-Windows clients (such as UNIX) that

use the Line Printer Remote (LPR) service

• Internet printing– Role service creates a Web site that hosts printers

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Configure Clients to Access Printer

• Add Printer Wizard in Control Panel– Adding a Printer with a UNC Path

\\print_server_name\printer_share_name– Adding printers using Group Policy

• Deploy printers to both users (User Configuration) and computers (Computer Configuration) via Group Policy

• Add Shared Printer Resources with Windows Explorer– Printers share contains all printers available on the print

server

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Changing Permissions on a Printer

• Printers use permissions based on Access Control Lists (like NTFS Permission) to manage access and control usage

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Changing the Printer Port – Redirect Print Jobs

• Printer port – The connection that printers use to send print jobs to a

print device• Reasons for changing printer ports

– Replacing a new print device– Changing the IP address of a network print device– Migrating the jobs on a printer to a different print device

when a print device fails • Enables users to continue printing without reconfiguration• Destination printer must use the same driver type as the

original– Creating a printer pool

• To change the port: – Right Click the printer Properties Ports 10

Creating a Printer Pool

• Printer pool– Single printer that sends jobs to multiple print

devices– Requirements: you need to have two or more

printers that can use the same printer driver

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CONFIGURING MULTIPLE LOGICAL PRINTERS FOR A SINGLE PRINTER

Printer Management Console• Installed Administrative Tools when the Print Server role

service is installed

• Available as a stand-alone Microsoft Management Console (MMC) or through the Server Manager console

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Troubleshooting Print Failure

• Determine if failure is confined to a single application

• Determine if failure is confined to a single workstation– Verify that the print client can connect to the print server

• Determine if failure is confined to a single user account– Verify that the print client can connect to the print server– Verify the user has Print Permission

• Determine if failure is confined to a single print device– Verify that the printer is operational

• Determine if failure is confined to a single print server

• Verify that the printer can be accessed from the print server– Verify that the print server’s services are running

BACKUP HARDWARE

• CD and DVD

• External HDD via USB

• Network Drive

• MAGNETIC TAPE DRIVES (NO longer supported in 2008. Need third-party backup program)

– Use single or double spool magnetic cartridges

– Low cost per megabyte

– Large capacity

– AUTOCHANGERS

BACKUP SOFTWARE• Windows Server Backup (WSB)

– Installed using Server Manager Add Features– Works by using VSS (Volume Shadow copy

Service) and the Block Level Backup Engine service

• Fast• Reduce Incremental backup file size

– Do not use Archive-bit. – Incompatible with ntbackup

• Ntbackup for Windows Server 2008– Download from Microsoft site

• Third-party software (Veritas Backup Exec, etc)

TARGET SELECTION

• Anything that is to be backed up is considered a backup target, including:– Single file or folder– Entire drive– Entire system– Another system on the network

• For Windows Server Backup (2008):– Only entire drive

NTBACKUP TREE SELECTIONNot available in Windows Server 2008

USING FILTERS Not available in Windows Server 2008

• Filter on file creation date/time, size, or type

• Allows you to perform customized backups

• Can reduce the time needed to back up and the amount of media required

Server 2003 Backup Job Types

• Backs up all files

• Clears the archive bit

• Can require large data storage capacity

BACKUP JOB TYPES: INCREMENTAL

• Backs up only files that have been modified or created since the last full or incremental backup

• Clears the archive bit

• Can require considerably less storage space than a normal backup

BACKUP JOB TYPES: NORMAL

BACKUP JOB TYPES: DIFFERENTIAL

• Backs up only files that have been modified or created since the last full or incremental backup

• Does not clear the archive bit

• Can require considerably less storage space than a normal backup

COPY JOBS AND DAILY JOBS• Copy job

– Backs up all files irrespective of archive bit status

– Does not change archive bit status

• Daily job

– Backs up files based on today's date

– Does not change archive bit status

Server 2008 Backup Job Types

• Volume Snap Shot Backs up all files

• Can require large data storage capacity

• Do NOT use archive bit

BACKUP JOB TYPES: INCREMENTAL

• Backs up only Changed Block, NOT entire changed file

• Can require considerably less storage space than a 2003 Incremental backup

BACKUP JOB TYPES: NORMAL

JOB SCHEDULING• Allows backups to be performed during off-hours• Reduces potential for administrative error• Limited options available with Windows Server Backup

Ntbackup Catalog• Allows backup software to keep track of what file is

on what tape

– Administrators don’t have to remember

• Can be stored on the system hosting the backup software or the tape

BACKUP SECURITY

• Create specific user account for backups• Password-protect tapes• Store and transport tapes securely

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Data Recovery (Restore)

• ntbackup can recover files and folders, the system state, Active Directory, or the entire server from a backup

• Windows Server Backup can recover only files, folders, and volumes

• Command-line utilities used for more complete recovery

• Amount of time depends on volume of data to be restored and backup type

• Periodic restores should be performed to test integrity of backups.

Perform Restore• To start the recovery process, click recover in the

Actions pane of Windows Server Backup

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Restore 2003 Full & Incremental Backups• Download ntbackup for Server 2008

• Restores the latest full backup

• Restores incremental backups from oldest to most recent

• Number of restore steps depends on the time since the last full backup

Restore 2003 Full & Differential Backups• Restores the latest full backup

• Restores the latest differential backup

• Only two restore steps are required

Backup Active Directory & System State• System States

– Registry. – Boot files, – Certificate Services database. – Active Directory directory service. – SYSVOL directory.    – Cluster service information. – Internet Information Services (IIS) metadirectory. – System files that have Windows File Protection (WFP).

• WSB does not support separate System State Backup (WSB backup up entire volume including System State)

• Powershell command is needed to backup 2008 System State

Backup System State with ntbackup in 2003

RESTORING ACTIVE DIRECTORY

• Can only be performed through Directory Services Restore Mode

Nonauthoritative restore

• Used to rebuild a domain controller that has been damaged, using the latest Active Directory information from your other domain controllers

Authoritative restore

• Used when you want to recover Active Directory objects that have been accidentally deleted using a System State backup

MCTS Windows Server 2008 Active Directory 32

Active Directory Backup and Restoration (cont.)

Performing a Full Server Restore

Insert a Windows Server 2008 installation disk into the computer’s DVD drive, and start the system.

Click Next to accept the default values in the language settings page. The Install Windows page appears.

Click Repair Your Computer.

Click Windows Complete PC Restore.

Click Next to restore from the latest available backup.

Select the Format and repartition disks checkbox, and click Next.

Click Finish to begin the restoration.

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Backup and Restore from the Command Line

• Windows Server Backup has less flexibility than its command-line equivalent utilities

• Wbadmin.exe can perform all tasks available in Windows Server Backup and more– Perform a system state backup– Recover the system state– Delete a system state backup– Restore or delete a backup catalog

• Most tasks with Wbadmin require you to be a member of the Backup Operators or Administrators group

Volume Shadow Copy• Periodically saves copies of files

• Can be used to restore previous versions of a file

• Available on XP, 2003, Vista and 2008