1 Nouns and Pronouns

7/27/2019 1 Nouns and Pronouns

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NOUNS AND PRONOUNSLESSON 1

BASIC ENGLISH PROFICIENCY
http://www.animationfactory.com/en/search/close-up.mc?&oid=5246151&s=1&sc=1&st=3811&category_id=E1H&spage=1&hoid=9bf09e7f84d0ff13e412826ba41ab0e0http://www.animationfactory.com/en/search/close-up.mc?&oid=5157348&s=1&sc=1&st=794&category_id=E1G&spage=1&hoid=933f718419c3b9f3884b7cef5d3f7343http://www.animationfactory.com/en/search/close-up.mc?&oid=5247028&s=1&sc=1&st=2100&category_id=E12&spage=1&hoid=dc2b4d96bfdd5a4a307f97bc491ab6a6http://www.animationfactory.com/en/search/close-up.mc?&oid=4947360&s=1651&sc=1651&st=1670&category_id=E1B&spage=67&hoid=53e611e7c2b4f1fa6787c79e35033042


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are names of persons, places,animals, things, or events.

are expressed in numbersingular and plural forms.


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A brief examination is done.

Makati is a city.

Sarah is a doctor.

Valentines Day is on the 14th ofFebruary.


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2. Some compound nouns form their

plural by adding s at the end of the

word.bookcase-bookcases

bathroom-bathrooms

schoolhouse-schoolhouses

3. Some compound nouns form their

plural by adding s to the first word.

mother-in-law mothers-in-law

lady-in-waiting ladies-in-waiting


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4. Nouns ending in ful form their plural

by adding s at the end.

cupful-cupfuls handful-handfulsmouthful-mouthfuls

5. Letters, figures, signs, and wordsregarded merely as words form their

plural by adding s (apostrophe s).

Mind your bs and vs.

Your 4s and 6s are not clear.

He will not accept any ifs and buts.


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6. Possessive nouns

childs toys ladys bag

girls bags ladies dresses

childrens toys mens cars

foxes tailsgirls handkerchiefs


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7. Nouns that end in for fedrop the for feand add ves.

leaf-leaves

loaf-loaves

half-halves


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8. Certain irregular nounshave special plural forms.

one foot, two feet

a mouse, many mice


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9. There are certain wordendings that show that aword is a noun, for example:

-ity > nationality-ment > appointment-ness > happiness

-ation > relation-hood > childhood


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10. Nouns often come after a

determiner (a determiner is aword like a, an, the, this, my,such):

a relief an afternoonthe doctor this word

my house such stupidity


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11. Nouns often come afterone or more adjectives:

a great relief

a peaceful afternoonthe tall, Indian doctorthis difficult wordmy brown and white housesuch crass stupidity


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KINDS OF NOUNS

1. COUNTABLE & UNCOUNTABLEdog, cat, animal, man,

person

bottle, box, litre

coin, note, dollar

cup, plate, forktable, chair, suitcase,

bag

music, art, love,

happiness

advice, information,

news

furniture, luggage

rice, sugar, butter,

water

electricity, gas, power

money, currency


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We can use some and any with

countable nouns:

I've got some dollars.

Have you got any pens?

We can use a few and manywith countable nouns:

I've got a few dollars.

I haven't got many pens.

How to quantify nouns

a piece ofnews

a bottle ofwater

a grain ofrice

We can use some and any with

uncountable nouns:

I've got some money.

Have you got any rice?

We can use a little andmuch with uncountable

nouns:

I've got a littlemoney.

I haven't got muchrice.


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computer, book,

mouse, rocket,book, room,

school, house,

clock, perfume,cloud, smoke

education, love,

speed, wisdom,beauty, sadness,

communication

2. CONCRETE & ABSTRACT


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3. PROPER & COMMON

Common Nouns Proper Nounspresident President Bush

dog Lucky

country Francestate California

building White House

school Columbia Middle School

holiday Fourth of July

mountain Mount Everest

river Mississippi River


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4. COLLECTIVE NOUN

People

trio committee audience

crew jury gang

band choir familyorchestra

class staff


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Things

bunch clump podset stack bundle

Animalsswarm team colony

school pack herd


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5. COMPOUND

flashlight, doghouse, high school,seat belt, editor-in-chief,great-grandfather


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EXERCISE 1

Practice pluralizing the following terms:

1. reflex 11. species 21. prognosis2. Axis 12. bacterium 22. pharynx

3. murmur 13. scrotum 23. allergy4. extremity 14. datum 24. lens5. adnexa 15. diagnosis 25. measles6. knee 16. ass

7. tooth 17. artery8. mumps 18. exostosis9. roof 19. liter10.crisis 20. child


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1.reflexes2.axes3.murmurs

4.extremities5.adnexa (plural of annexus)6.knees

7.teeth8.mumps

9.roofs

ANSWERS


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1O. crises

11. species (same)12. bacteria

13. scrotums/scrota14. data15. diagnoses

16. asses17. arteries18. exostoses


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19. liters

20. children21. prognoses

22. pharynges23. allergies24. lenses

25. measles


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EXERCISE 2

Identify the nouns in the followingsentences and their kind.

1.Communication is a very important process to all

people.2.Nicole is filled with happiness today becausejustice has been served by the judge.

3.The ability to talk is a very powerful advantage.

4.Mary could not catch the childrens ball.

5.The plane, one of the world's fastest, just took off.


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are words that replace nouns.

have different kinds such as

PERSONAL, REFLEXIVE,

INDEFINITE, INTERROGATIVE, andINTENSIVE .


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1. PERSONAL PRONOUNS

SUBJECTIVE

Used as A SUBJECT in a

sentence

1ST I

WE

My friends and I aregymnasts.

Dan is older than I.

We are gymnasts.


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SUBJECTIVE

Used as A SUBJECT

in a sentence

2nd You You have to

attend the

English class.

It is you who

should behave.


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SUBJECTIVE

Used as A SUBJECT

in a sentence

3rd HE

SHE

IT

THEY

He

She

Itbelongs to me.

Theygo to schoolevery day.

is a medical

transcriptionist.


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OBJECTIVEUsed as an OBJECT

in a sentence

1STME

US

The school has

chosen me and my

friends to lead the

camp.

The officer hasasked us leaders to

have a meeting.


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OBJECTIVE

Used as an OBJECT

in a sentence

2nd YOU This adventure haschanged you into a

better person.


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OBJECTIVEUsed as an OBJECT

in a sentence

3rdHIM

HER

IT

THEM

The judge

sentenced him/her

to lifeimprisonment.

Show it to me.

Give them time to

think.


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POSSESSIVEUsed to show

POSSESSION

1ST MINE

OURS

The treasure is

mine.

The decision is

ours.


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POSSESSIVEUsed to show

POSSESSION

3rd HERS

HIS

ITS

THEIRS

Jack decided that

the pail is hers(his).

Have you found its

remnants?

The cameras aretheirs.


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2.

REFLEXIVE

Used to show

POSSESSION

1st

2nd

3rd

myself, ourselves

yourself, yourselves

himself, herself, itself,

themselves

She has givenherselfa break.


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3. INTENSIVE: (used to

emphasize)

myself, ourselves, yourself,

yourselves, himself, herself, itself,

themselves

Imysel fw i ll do th is task .


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4. RELATIVE

who, which, that, what,

whoever, whichever, whatever

The king who is full of wisdom is

Solomon.

The doctor found out that the patient is

sick of cancer.


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Who, whoseand whomrefer to

persons

The manwhowon the pr ize isfrom Man i la.

The personwhomyou met wasthe pr incipal .


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5. INDEFINITE:

Singular: another, anybody,

anyone, somebody, anything, one,

each, either, everyone, everybody,everything, neither, nobody, no

one, someone


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INDEFINITE:Plural: both, several, many,

few

Singular/Plural: some, none,

most, all, any


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6. INTERROGATIVE:

who, whom, whose, what, which

Whatdo we have for lunch?

7. DEMONSTRATIVE:

this, these, that, those

Theseare the documents .


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8. NUMERICAL:

Five of them were interviewed.

The ninth won.


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Ident ify the pronouns used in the fo l low ingsentences. Oppos i te each pronoun , name

the kind .

1. Im so excited! We have two weeksoff! What are you going to do?

2. Where is Amelia? Is she in school?

EXERCISE 3

3. They will not let you and me go with

them.

4 Thi i th b t d ?


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4.This is the best you can do?

5.The principal suspended those students for

two days.

6.Whoever crosses this line first will win therace.

7.Few will be chosen; fewer will finish.

8.You paid yourself a million dollars?

9.Who will help me?

10.Juanita, Carlos, and I have deceived

ourselves into believing in my uncle.


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ANSWERS

1. Im so excited! We have two weeksoff! What are you going to do?

I-personal you-personal

We-personal what-interrogative

2. Where is Amelia? Is she in school?

Where-interrogative

She-personal


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3. They will not let you and me go with

them.

They, you, me, them=personal

4.This is the best you can do?

this=demonstrative you=personal

5. The principal suspended those students

for two days.

those=demonstrative

6 Whoe e c osses this line fi st ill in


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6. Whoever crosses this line first will winthe race.

whoever=relative

this=demonstrative

7. Few will be chosen; fewer will finish.

few, fewer=indefinite

8. You paid yourself a million dollars?you=personal

yourself=reflexive

9 Who will help me?


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9. Who will help me?

who=interrogative

me=personal

10. Juanita, Carlos, and I have deceivedourselves into believing in my uncle.

I=personal

ourselves=reflexive

my=personal, possessive adjective


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PRESENT ILLNESS: This 68-year-oldCaucasian male with a history ofhypertension and congestive heart failurewas apparently in good health, althoughhe had failed to follow up on his officeappointments, and ran out of refills onprobably his Lasix 1 week ago. Thepatient shortly thereafter had some slightprecordial chest pain which resolved.

Identify all the nouns in the sentences below.Give the kind of each.


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PRESENT ILLNESS: This 68-year-oldCaucasian male with a history ofhypertension and congestive heart failurewas apparently in good health, althoughhe had failed to follow up on his officeappointments, and ran out ofrefills onprobably his Lasix 1 week ago. Thepatient shortly thereafter had some slightprecordial chest pain which resolved.


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The precordial chest pain returned again.The patient obtained good relief with nitrosublingual. The patient has also been onCalan and Micro-K, which he hascontinued to take. He has had no chills orfever. No nausea, emesis, or diarrhea. Nounusual color change. He did complain ofbeing somewhat diaphoretic and dizzywith the chest pain.

Identify all the pronouns in the sentencesbelow. Give the kind of each.


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The precordial chest pain returned again.The patient obtained good relief with nitrosublingual. The patient has also been on

Calan and Micro-K, which he hascontinued to take. He has had no chills orfever. No nausea, emesis, or diarrhea. No

unusual color change. He did complain ofbeing somewhat diaphoretic and dizzywith the chest pain.


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1. the history of hypertension and congestiveheart failure of a 68-year-old Caucasian male

Change the following noun phrases usinga possessive noun.

2. the office appointments of the patient

3. the appendectomy, tonsillectomy, andumbilical herniorrhaphy of this male

4. the normal sound of the heart

5. the loud heart murmur of the patient


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Kinds of Nouns

Proper, common, abstract, concrete,countable, uncountable, collective,compound

Kinds of Pronouns

Personal, interrogative, relative,reflexive, indefinite, demonstrative,numerical, intensive


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1 Nouns and Pronouns

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