Acknowledgement
This analysis based report is done for the readers of my
previous report 1MW Utility Scale SPV Power Plant, mainly for the
readers from South region of INDIA as they are asking repeatedly
about the probability and feasibility-technical & Financial-of
a SPV power plant in their region. At the same time its not
possible for me to design a report for each and every state from
South India, so I took Chennai city. Also the previous report was
not so detail, was very basic and meant to the readers who want to
get an overview on how a utility scale power plant works. Now, in
this report, I discuss about in depth. From panels selection to CB
sizing all are presented in very detail. Hope, this time you get a
strong knowledge on designing and estimation of 1MW solar PV power
plant. Unlike the previous report, the financial aspect discussed
at the end of the paper. In this paper, the financial assessment
has done in very detail and considering the current scenario of SPV
market including the cost of solar PV modules, inverters cost,
cable, transformer etc. prices and the funding, interest rate..
DisclaimerThe presented data here are NOT TAKEN from any
copyright materials and not showing under my name. The meteo data
collected from NASA website and NREL database which is free over
the internet. Designing of PV system is totally based on the
practical experience of the author.Assumption &
Consideration
Shading consideration: No shading has been considered at the
site during the calculation design. So it is advised that at the
time of execution, please check whether there is any kind of
obstacle in the site which may cause partial/full shading on PV
strings and/or PV array. If the shading occurs, then the estimated
power generation will not match the actual power generated.Load
Factor: It is assumed that the produced power from the PV plant
will be fed to the local utility grid. So, while designing the
system, no unbalanced load considered in 3 phase
configuration.Meteo data: The calculation based on the meteo data
collected from NASA website which is very reliable. Now, based on
the co-ordinates the values have been presented in this report. So,
total design is based on this data. For a different location
(coordinates), the system design will differ. It is advised not to
copy and implement the design without consulting the author or any
certified PV professional because this design estimation is valid
only for a particular site.
w w w . r e n e w p o w e r z o n e . i nPage 8
Site consideration: this design has been done by considering the
PV modules & array will beground-mounted and the site-elevation
angle taken 30 .Cost Estimation: 1MW Solar PV power plant cost
estimation has done considering the current PV market scenario
(Sept-Dec 2013), so after few months the cost may vary according
the market.CAD design & layout: I have not uploaded/attached
the CAD design. If anybody interested in setting up the plant then
only contact at the given e-mail ids to get the design
file.Transmission & wheeling losses: Here, in this report,
while doing the technical assessment, the distance from nearest
substation to the 1MW solar PV power plant taken within 1.5 KM and
so the wheeling losses considered as 3% of total power
transmission. And in the financial assessment, no wheeling charges
have been considered.Design Criteria: While designing &
estimating the technical components & solutions, all the
required/applicable standard design codes have been considered.
Mainly the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Codes,
IS codes from BIS have been considered thoroughly.
Contents1) Introduction42) Project details53) Location
metrological details64) Determination of optimum tilt angle75)
Solar power plant overview86) Module selection & sizing97)
Inverter selection & sizing118) Transformer selection129) Other
protective devices including switch gear details1310) Cable sizing
& selection1411) Civil works details1612) Performance analysis
& simulation1713) Timeline of the project2114) Operation &
maintenance structure of the plant2215) Financial calculation,
estimation of NCF, Payback period2316) Guide on selection of
various components27
PROJECT AT A GLANCE
1. Name of the Company. : 2. Regd. Office. : SRIKAKULAM DIST 3.
Works. : SRIKAKULAM Dist. 4. Line of Activity. : 1 MW SOLAR Power
plant 5. Sector. : Large Scale
6. Constitution. : Private Limited 7. Project Cost & Means
of Finance. : (Rs in Lacs)PROJECT COSTAMOUNT MEANS OF
FINANCEAMOUNT
EPC(, civil works and equipment)709.00 Capital: 80.50
Deposits80.00Bridge loan from Bank(10% on project)80.50
Land and License 8.00Term loan from NRI644.00
TOTAL805.00 TOTAL805.00
8. Promoters Contribution. : 10.00%
9. Debt/Equity. 4:1
10. Installed Capacity.: 1 MW
Brief History of ProjectIntroduction: XXX SOLAR ENERGY PVT LTD
consists of 5 acres of land with a capacity to host over 1
megawatts of solar power plant. The Solar Project is divided into
plots providing necessary infrastructure such as smart power
evacuation facilities, approach and internal roads, water supply
and storage, and office buildings.
The above said project is in the process of setting up a 1 MW
Solar PV project in the prestigious Solar Project at Srikakulam
Dist.
Location:Village
DistrictSrikakulam
StateAndhra Pradesh
Latitude
Longitude
Solar Project plotsxxx
Sailent Features:
Project capacity1 MW
Earmarked Land5 Acres
TechnologyCrystalline Silicon / Thin Film Modules
Solar Irradiation (GHI)5.7 kWh/m2/Day
CUF20%
Performance Ratio80%
Annual Energy Generation1.76 BU
Rating of Photovoltaic Modules250 Watt
No. of Modules required400, 000
Quantity of Water required to wash modules per day80000 Ltrs
Wash Cycle15 days
Size of Invertors500 KW
No of Invertors200
Evacuation11/66 kV Line
Power evacuation upto 500 MW220 kV Substation
Power evacuation beyond 500 MW400 k V Substation
Solar power in India
India'ssolar resourceIndiais densely populated and has high
solarinsolation, an ideal combination for usingsolar power in
India. Moreover, it's other energy resources are relatively scarce.
In the solar energy sector, some large projects have been proposed,
and a 35,000km2(14,000sqmi) area of theThar Deserthas been set
aside for solar power projects, sufficient to generate 700 to
2,100GW.In July 2009, India unveiled aUS$19 billion plan to produce
20 GW of solar power by 2020.Under the plan, the use of
solar-powered equipment and applications would be made compulsory
in all government buildings, as well as hospitals and hotels.[2]In
January 2015, the Indian government significantly expanded its
solar plans, targetingUS$100 billion of investment and 100 GW of
solar capacity by 2022According to a 2011 report by BRIDGE TO INDIA
and GTM Research, India is facing a perfect storm of factors that
will drive solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption at a "furious pace over
the next five years and beyond". The falling prices of PV panels,
mostly from China but also from the U.S., has coincided with the
growing cost of grid power in India. Government support and ample
solar resources have also helped to increase solar adoption, but
perhaps the biggest factor has been need. India, "as a growing
economy with a surging middle class, is now facing a severe
electricity deficit that often runs between 10% and 13% of daily
need".India is planning to install the World's largest Solar Power
Plant with 4,000 MW Capacity nearSambhar LakeinRajasthan. There are
various factors that we need to consider before investing into a
solar power plant. A lot of enthusiasm has been seen among people
about the use of Solar Energy as a substitute of conventional
sources of energy. However, currently, with the power subsidies in
India, solar works economical only in those areas that are using
diesel generators as a primary source of electricity. The entire
payback is made in 23 years. Solar system for petrol pumps is a
leading example of such an application. IOCL is leading the race
for solarization of petrol pumps with aggressive targets. Solar
applications for petrol pumps by RelyOn Solar has been installed in
more than 150 IOCL petrol pumps across India and now other oil
companies are also looking to solarize their ROs. Solar
installations for commercial buildings, where the electricity rates
are higher, are also proving to be a game changer for the owners of
IT companies.On 16 May 2011, Indias first 5 MW of installed
capacity solar power project was registered under the Clean
Development Mechanism. The project is in Sivagangai
Village,Sivagangadistrict,Tamil Nadu. Current statusInstalled solar
PV
YearCumulative Capacity (in MW)
2010161
2011461
20121,205
20132,319
20142,632
20153,744
With about 300 clear, sunny days in a year, India's
theoreticalsolar powerreception, on only its land area, is about
5,000 trillionkilowatt-hours(kWh) per year (or 5EWh/yr).The daily
average solar energy incident over India varies from 4 to 7
kWh/m2with about 1,5002,000 sunshine hours per year (depending upon
location), which is far more than current total energy consumption.
For example, assuming the efficiency of PV modules were as low as
10%, this would still be a thousand times greater than the domestic
electricity demand projected for 2015. The amount of solar energy
produced in India in 2007 was less than 1% of the total energy
demand.The grid-connected solar power as of December 2010 was
merely 10MW Government-funded solar energy in India only accounted
for approximately 6.4MW-yrs of power as of 2005.However, India is
ranked number one in terms of solar energy production per watt
installed, with an insolation of 1,700 to 1,900 kilowatt hours per
kilowatt peak (kWh/KWp).25.1MW was added in 2010 and 468.3MW in
2011.By end March 2015, the installed grid connected solar power
capacity is 3,744MW, and India expects to install an additional
10,000MW by 2017, and a total of 100,000MW by 2022. India's largest
photovoltaic (PV) power plants
Name of PlantDC Peak
Power(MW)GWh/year[18]CapacityfactorNotes
DonBosco,Kurla, Omega Natural Polarity
(ONP)Mumbai-Maharashtra0.1Commissioned December 2014
Charanka Solar Park- Charanka village,Patan district,
Gujarat221Commissioned April 2012
Welspun Solar MP project151 MW Neemuch Solar Plant -
Neemuch,Madhya Pradesh151Commissioned February 2014
Mahagenco 125 MW Solar Project-Maharashtra125Commissioned March
2013
Green Energy Development Corporation Ltd (GEDCOL)
-Odisha50Commissioned 2014
Tata Power Solar Systems Ltd (TPS) - 50 MW NTPC -Rajgarh,Madhya
Pradesh50Commissioned March, 2014
Welspun Energy50MW Rajasthan Solar Project - Phalodhi,
Rajasthan50Commissioned March 2013
Green Energy Development Corporation Ltd (GEDCOL)
-Odisha48Commissioned 2014
Bitta Solar Power Plant(Adani Power) - Bitta,Kutch District,
Gujarat[40Commissioned January 2012
Dhirubhai Ambani Solar Park, Pokhran, Rajasthan40Commissioned in
April 2012
Moser Baer-Patan, Gujarat30Commissioned October 2011
Mithapur Solar Power Plant(Tata Power)
-Mithapur,Gujarat25Commissioned 25 January 2012
Green Energy Development Corporation Ltd (GEDCOL)
-Odisha20Commissioned 2014
Vivaan Solar -Madhya Pradesh15Commissioned 2014
Sunark Solar -Odisha10Commissioned 2011
NTPC Limited-Odisha10Commissioned 2014
Raajratna Energy Holdings - Bolangir Solar Power Project
-Odisha10Commissioned 2011
Azure Power -Sabarkantha, Khadoda village, Gujarat10Commissioned
June 2011, 63 acres, using 36,000 Suntech Power panels.[31]
Green Infra Solar Energy Limited-Rajkot, Gujarat10Commissioned
November 2011
Waa Solar Power Plant (Madhav Power) -Surendranagar,
Gujarat10Commissioned December 2011
Tata Patapur -Odisha9Commissioned 2012
Skygen Infrabuild -Odisha5Commissioned 2011
Konark Kranti Energy -Odisha5Commissioned 2011
Mahindra & MahindraSolar Plant,Jodhpur,Rajasthan5Completed
in January 2012
Sivaganga Photovoltaic Plant, Tamil Nadu5Completed December
2010
Citra and Sepset Power Plants, Katol, Maharashtra4Commissioned
October 2011
Sunark Solar -Odisha3Commissioned 2011
Abacus Holdings -Odisha3Commissioned 2011
Orion Solar -Odisha3Commissioned 2011
Skygen Infrabuild -Odisha3Commissioned 2011
IIT Bombay-Gwal Pahari,Haryana3Commissioned 26 September
2011
ItnalPhotovoltaic Plant,Belgaum, Karnataka3Completed April
2010
KolarPhotovoltaic Plant, Yalesandra, Kolar District,
Karnataka3Completed May 2010
Tata Power-Mulshi,Maharashtra3Commissioned April 2011
Tata Power Solar- Murugan Textiles, Palladam,Tamil Nadu2August
2014
Azure Power - Ahwan Photovoltaic Plant, Punjab[32][43]2December
2009
JamuriaPhotovoltaic Plant, West Bengal2August 2009
TAL Solar Power Plant -Barabanki,Uttar Pradesh2Commissioned
January 2012
Omega Renk Bearings Pvt. Ltd. Solar Plant -Madhya
Pradesh1.5Commissioned 2013
M G M Minerals -Odisha1Commissioned 2010
Raajratna Energy Holdings -Odisha1Commissioned 2011
Tata Power-Odisha1Commissioned 2011
Amruth Solar Power Plant -Kadiri,Andhra Pradesh1Commissioned
March 2012
B&G Solar Pvt Ltd -Mayiladuthurai,Tamil Nadu1India's First
plant Commissioned under JNNSM scheme 10 June 2011
GandhinagarSolar Plant, Gujarat121 January 2011
NDPC Photovoltaic Plant, Delhi12010
Numeric Power Systems, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu1Commissioned
February 2012
RasnaMarketing Services LLP,Ahmedabad, Gujarat1Completed in
December 2011
Solid Solar by Gautam Polymers, Delhi, Haryana, UP, Tamil
Nadu1
Tata Power-Osmanabad, Maharastra1Commissioned 1 August 2011
Urja Global Limited-Jharkhand, Delhi1Commissioned 1 August
2012
Thyagaraj stadiumPlant -Delhi1April 2010
Zynergy, Vannankulam village, Peraiyur, Madurai district, Tamil
Nadu1Commissioned January 2012
Chandraleela Power Energy -Narnaul, Haryana0.8Commissioned 15
January 2012, (EPC by Aryav Green Energy Solutions Pvt. Ltd.)
StateMWp%Ref
Andhra Pradesh127.854.00
Chhattisgarh4.00.30
Delhi2.50.19
Gujarat654.849.90
Haryana7.80.59
Jharkhand4.00.30
Karnataka9.00.69
Madhya Pradesh132.09.15
Maharashtra20.01.38
Odisha13.00.99
Punjab9.00.69
Rajasthan510.2538.89[59]
Tamil Nadu15.01.14
Telangana1.00.08
Uttar Pradesh12.00.91
Uttarakhand5.00.38
West Bengal2.00.15
Total1442.10100[17][60]
Solar power in Andhra PradeshThe installed capacity is 128 MW as
on February 2015. During the year 2014,APTransCohas entered in to
agreements with IPPs to install 619 MW.NTPCalso entered in to
agreement in the year 2015 with APTransCo to install 250 MW plant
(first phase of the 1,000-Mw ultra solar power project) in the
economically backwardAnantapur district. Solar power in
GujaratGujarat has been a leader in solar power generation and
contributes 2/3rd of the 900 MW ofphotovoltaicsin the country.The
State has commissioned Asias biggest solar park at Charanka
village. The park is already generating 2 MW solar power out of its
total planned capacity of 500 MW. The park has been functioning on
a multi-developers and multi-beneficiaries paradigm and has been
awarded for being the most innovative and environment-friendly
project by the CII.With a view to makeGandhinagara solar city, the
State government has launched a roof-top solar power generation
scheme. Under this scheme, the State plans to generate five
megawatt of solar power by putting solar panels on about 50 state
government buildings and on 500 private buildings. The State has
also a plan to emulate this project
inRajkot,Surat,BhavnagarandVadodarain 2012-13.The State plans to
generate solar power by putting solar panels on the Narmada canal
branches. As a part of this scheme, the State has already
commissioned a one megawatt solar plant on a branch of theNarmada
Canalnear Chandrasan area of Anand taluka. This also helps by
stopping 90,000 liter water/year of the Narmada river from
evaporating.Solar power in RajasthanRajasthanis one of the states
of India in the field of solar energy. The total photovoltaic
capacity has passed 500 MW, reaching 510.25 MW at the end of the
2012-13 fiscal year. The district of Jodhpur leads with 42 projects
totalling 293 MW, followed by Jaisalmer and Bikaner. In total there
were 84 projects with installed capacity of 512.9.The French group
AREVA solar is currently engaged in constructing a 250 MW
concentrated solar power (CSP) installation which will become the
largest CSP installation in Asia.A 4,000MW Ultra Mega Green Solar
Power Project (UMPP) is being built nearSambhar Lakein Rajasthan.
Upon Completion, it would be world's largest Solar Power Plant. It
is expected to be built in 4 phases, with the first phase likely to
be commissioned by the end of 2016 with 1,000 MW capacity. The
total cost of each phase of the project is estimated to be70
billion(US$1.1billion) and the entire project is expected to be
completed in 7 years. The present Prime Minister Narendra Modi has
put great emphasis on solar projects and is inviting FDI in this
sector. Solar power in MaharashtraTheShri Sai Baba Sansthan
Trusthas the world's largest solar steam system. It was constructed
at the Shirdi shrine at an estimated cost of Rs.1.33 crore, Rs.58.4
lakh of which was paid as a subsidy by the renewable energy
ministry. The system is used to cook 50,000 meals per day for
pilgrims visiting the shrine, resulting in annual savings of
100,000kg of cooking gas and has been designed to generate steam
for cooking even in the absence of electricity to run the feed
water pump for circulating water in the system. The project to
install and commission the system was completed in seven months and
the system has a design life of 25 years.Osmanabad region in
Maharashtra has been blessed with abundance of sunlight and is
ranked the third best region in India in terms of solar insolation.
A 10 MW solar power plant in Osmanabad, Maharashtra byRelyOn Solar,
generates approximately 18 Lac units per MW which is the highest
generation in Maharashtra by any other solar power plant. This
plant was commissioned in 2013 and the records of one complete year
are available. Solar power in Madhya PradeshThe Welspun Solar MP
project, the largest solar power plant in India set up at a cost of
Rs. 1,100 crore on 305 hectares of land, will supply power at Rs.
8.05 a kWh. The project of a 130MW solar power plant at Bhagwanpur
in Neemuch was launched by Gujarat chief Minister, Narendra
Modi.Ujaas Energy Limited , an Indore based company which is listed
on BSE /NSE . It has installed over 105 MWs in five solar parks
viz. , Rajgarh , Barod, Ichchhawar , Rojhani and Susner , in Madhya
Pradesh . The company is proud to be backed by Mr Amitabh Bachhcan
who holds 1.6% stake according to latest filing. Ujaas is the
pioneer of solar REC Mechanism in India". Apart from companys
innovative PLUG & PLAY Ujaas Park model where it provides an
end to end solution to the investors, the company has also done
substantial solar roof top installations in Chennai, UP,AP,(
Noida,Greater Noida )Delhi/NCR region etc... under the allocation
from SECI-Phase-II and under JNNSM.Ujaas has ranked at No 2 as
Indias Fastest Growing Company by a renowned magazine on Renewable
Energy, Business World .The company has made it onto prestigious
Forbes Asia's 200 Best Under a Billion dollar Companies
list..Vivaan Solar, Gwalior based company started in Aug 2012 owns
45MW of solar park capacity in Madhya Pradesh. The plant is located
in Kadodiya Village, Ujjain district. The company has also stepped
forward in providing rooftop solar solutions for homes and business
users. There is an upcoming 750 MW solar power plant project in
Madhya Pradesh in the district of Rewa which, when completed, will
be the world's largest solar power plant, backing the Desert
Sunlight project in California.ApplicationsRural
electrificationLack of electricity infrastructure is one of the
main hurdles in the development of rural India. India's grid system
is considerably under-developed, with major sections of its
populace still surviving off-grid. As of 2004 there are about
80,000 unelectrified villages in the country. Of these villages,
18,000 could not be electrified through extension of the
conventional grid. A target for electrifying 5,000 such villages
was set for the Tenth National Five Year Plan (20022007). As of
2004, more than 2,700 villages and hamlets had been electrified,
mainly using solar photovoltaic systems.Developments in cheap solar
technology are considered as a potential alternative that allows an
electricity infrastructure consisting of a network of local-grid
clusters with distributed electricity generation.It could allow
bypassing (or at least relieving) the need to install expensive,
lossy, long-distance, centralized power delivery systems and yet
bring cheap electricity to the masses.India currently has around
1.2 million solar home lighting systems and 3.2 million solar
lanterns sold/distributed. Also, India has been ranked the number
one market in Asia for solar off-grid products. Projects currently
planned include 3,000 villages ofOrissa, which will be lighted with
solar power by 2014. Solar lamps and lightingBy 2012, a total of
4,600,000 solar lanterns and 861,654 solar powered home lights had
been installed. These typically replace kerosene lamps and can be
purchased for the cost of a few months worth of kerosene through a
small loan. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is offering a
30% to 40% subsidy for the cost of lanterns, home lights and small
systems up to 210 Wp.20 million solar lamps are expected by 2022.
Agricultural supportSolar PV water pumping systems are used for
irrigation and drinking water. The majority of the pumps are fitted
with a 2003,000watt motor that are powered with 1,800 Wp PV array
which can deliver about 140,000 litres (37,000USgal) of water per
day from a total head of 10 metres (33ft). By 30 September 2006, a
total of 7,068 solar PV water pumping systems had been
installed,and by March 2012, 7,771 had been installed. Solar driers
are used to dry harvests before storage. Solar water
heatersBangalorehas the largest deployment of roof top solar water
heaters in India. These heaters generate an energy equivalent of
200 MW. Bangalore is also the first city in the country to put in
place an incentive mechanism by providing a rebate of50(79US) on
monthly electricity bills for residents using roof-top thermal
systems.These systems are now mandatory for all new
structures.Punehas also recently made installation of solar water
heaters in new buildings mandatory. Challenges and
opportunities
Price history of silicon PV cells since 1977. The great thing
about solar power is that it is a technology and not a fuel. It is
unlimited and the more it is deployed the cheaper it would be.
While the more limited fossil fuels are used, the more expensive
they become.Land is a scarce resource in India and per capita land
availability is low. Dedication of land area for exclusive
installation of solar arrays might have to compete with other
necessities that require land. The amount of land required for
utility-scale solar power plants currently approximately 1km2(250
acres) for every 2060 MW generated could pose a strain on India's
available land resource. The architecture more suitable for most of
India would be a highly distributed set of individual rooftop power
generation systems, all connected via a local grid.However,
erecting such an infrastructure, which does not enjoy the economies
of scale possible in mass, utility-scale, solar panel deployment,
needs the market price of solar technology deployment to
substantially decline, so that it attracts the individual and
average family size household consumer. That might be possible in
the future, because PV is projected to continue its current cost
reductions for the next decades and be able to compete with fossil
fuel.Government can provide subsidies for the production of PV
panels, in which there will be reduction in the market price and
this can lead to more usage of solar power in India. In the past
three years, solar-generation costs here have dropped from
around18(29US) a kWh to about7(11US) a kWh, whereas power from
imported coal and domestically-produced natural gas currently costs
around4.5(7.1US) a kWh and it is increasing with time.Experts
believe that ultra mega solar power plants like the upcoming worlds
largest 4,000 MW UMPP in Rajasthan, would be able to produce power
for around5(7.9US) a kWh. Some noted think-tanksrecommend that
India should adopt a policy of developing solar power as a dominant
component of the renewable energy mix, since being adensely
populated regionin thesunny tropical belt,the subcontinent has the
ideal combination of both highsolar insolation and therefore a big
potentialconsumer basedensity.In one of the analysed
scenarios,India can make renewable resources such as solar the
backbone of its economy by 2050, reining in its long-term carbon
emissions without compromising its economic growth
potential.Government support
Solar Radiation Resource Assessment stations inIndia51 Solar
Radiation Resource Assessment stations have been installed across
India by theMinistry of New and Renewable Energy(MNRE) to monitor
the availability of solar energy. Data is collected and reported to
the Centre for Wind Energy Technology (C-WET), in order to create a
Solar Atlas. The government of India is promoting the use of solar
energy through various strategies. In the latest budget for
2010/11, the government has announced an allocation of 1000 crore
towards theJawaharlal Nehru National Solar Missionand the
establishment of a clean energy fund. It is an increase of 380
crore from the previous budget. This new budget has also encouraged
private solar companies by reducing customs duty on solar panels by
5% and exempting excise duty on solar photovoltaic panels. This is
expected to reduce the cost of a roof-top solar panel installation
by 1520%. The budget also proposed a coal tax ofUS$1 per metric ton
on domestic and imported coal used for power
generation.Additionally, the government has initiated a Renewable
Energy Certificate (REC) scheme, which is designed to drive
investment in low-carbon energy projects.
Timeline of theJawaharlal Nehru National Solar MissionThe
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy provides 70 percent subsidy on
the installation cost of a solar photovoltaic power plant in
North-East states and 30 percentage subsidy on other regions. The
detailed outlay of the National Solar Mission highlights various
targets set by the government to increase solar energy in the
country's energy portfolio.TheMysore City Corporationhas decided to
set up a mega Solar power plant inMysorewith 50% concession from
the Government of India.]The Maharashtra State Power Generation
Company (Mahagenco) has made plans for setting up more power plants
in thestateto take up total generation up to 200MW.]Delhi Metro
Rail Corporationplans to install rooftop solar power plants atAnand
ViharandPragati MaidanMetro stations and its residential complex at
Pushp Vihar.Reeling under an acute power crises, theGovernment of
Tamil Naduhas recently unveiled its new Solar Energy Policy which
aims at increasing the installed solar capacity from the current
approximate of 20 MW to over 3000 MW by 2015. The policy aims at
fixing a 6% solar energy requirement on industries and residential
buildings for which incentives in the form of tax rebates and
current tariff rebates of up to Rs.1 / unit will be applicable to
those who comply with the Solar Energy Policy. The policy also
gives an option to those industries/buildings who do not want to
install rooftop solar photo-voltaic systems to invest in the
government's policy and be given the same incentives as explained
above.StatisticsInstalled PV capacity (in MW)
YearEndTotalCapacityYearlyInstallation
2010161
2011461300
20121,205744
20132,3191,114
March-20142,632313
March-20153,7441112
India is densely populated and has high solar insolation, an
ideal combination for using solar power in India. India is already
a leader in wind power generation. In the solar energy sector, some
large projects have been proposed, and a 35,000 km2 area of the
Thar Desert has been set aside for solar power projects, sufficient
to generate 700 GW to 2,100 GW. Also India's Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy has released the JNNSM Phase 2 Draft Policy, by
which the Government aims to install 10GW of Solar Power and of
this 10 GW target, 4 GW would fall under the central scheme and the
remaining 6 GW under various State specific schemes.The Electricity
Act, 2003, paves way for an innovative approach to solve our
countrys power problems. It has paved the way for a competitive
environment; open access to existing transmission and distribution
network to transmit electricity across regions; de-licensing of
generation, captive power and dedicated transmission lines;
licensing of distribution and supply companies and the
restructuring of State Electricity Boards.The Ministry of Power has
mandated to promote cogeneration and renewable sources for Power
generation under Nodal agencies and hence it will play a major role
in mainstreaming renewable energy sector. The advantage or
renewable resources includes their capacity to produce energy
without producing carbon-based warming and polluting agents into
the atmosphere. The financial cost of its applications is not
always cheap but if the environmental costs of using fossil are
accounted for, renewable energy wins hands-down. There are also
indirect savings on health and its costs as there are no harmful
emissions.In the above backdrop, YOUR COMPANY NAME has decided to
set up a 1/1000 MW/KW Solar Power Plant. This Detailed Project
Report (DPR) brings out all technical details and overall costs
justifying the selection of the project. The total power generation
is envisaged to be 1050KW from Solar Photovoltaic Cell. It is a
very important document that is required for Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) studies, fixation of tariff, finalizing Power
Purchase Agreement (PPA) and also for submission to Financial
Institutions for obtaining project funding. The total project cost
is expected to be RS. 709.00 Lakhs and the average cost of
generation is expected to be Rs. 7.5/kWh (ASSUMED).For this
project, poly-crystalline technology based 3rd generation Solar PV
modules will be used. Along with this, highly efficient,
photon-tested string inverters going to be integrated to the
system. These technologies are the best in the industry. So, Its
clear that our project is not compromising with the quality of the
materials and or the components which obviously led this project to
success.
Client details
CountryIndia
LocationSRIKAKULAM DIST
Contact [email protected]
Contact Personabc
companyABCXYZ
PurposePower generation & distribution to State utility
grid
Site Location/Layout
Solar Irradiation7
6
5Solar Irradiation4
3
2
1
0KWh/m2/day
31Air & earth temperature-monthly30
29
28
27Air temperatureearth temperature26
25
24
23
Optimum Tilt Angles For Solar PV Array Adjusted by Months
JanFebMarAprMayJun
34261301114
JulAugSepOctNovDec
1256192935
Figures shown in degrees from vertical
Winter56 angleSpring/Autumn80 angleSummer104 angle
On the 21st December, the sun will rise 87 east of due south and
set 87 west of due south.On the 21st March/21st September, the sun
will rise 91 east of due south and set 91 west of due south.On the
21st June, the sun will rise 95 east of due south and set 95 west
of due south.
Irradiation Data on different tilt angles (respect to horizontal
surface, KWh/m2/day)
* Here, 120 angle at AM1.5 has been chosen as fixed south faced
model for the project
Solar PV System Design
System Overview
SPV Array Peak Power1082KWp
No. of SPV strings206
Connection of PV modules in each stringSeries
Inverter20KW MPPT based 3 phase string Inverter
Inverter Type/TopologyMPPT & Transformer Less
Total no. of Inverters53
Strings/Inverter4/1
Modular Components
ComponentsSpecificationQuantityMake
Solar PV modulesMax Peak Power=250Wp Voc= 36V ;Vmp= 29V Isc=
9.25A ; Imp= 8.65A4326
Non-Modular Components
ComponentsElectrical SpecificationQuantityMake
Inverters20KW, 3Phase &MPPT;Vmax= 800V53
Transformer1250KVA1
SCADA/Monitoring SystemIntegrated with Remote Monitoring system
web based1
Circuit BreakerInverter to Busbar= 46A 3p; busbar/Panel box to
transformer= 1600A 3p;531
DC Disconnect1000V,20Amps206
Switch GearRated voltage=12KV;Rated main busbar
current(Max)=1250A;SC withstand capacity = 25KA/3s Dynamic
capacity= 50KA1
Distribution PanelNA1
IsolatorVmax= 12KV;Max cont. current=1250A1
CablesDC Side= 10 mm2AC Side=LT: 16mm2 & HT: 185mm2
Solar PV Module Specification & Array Sizing DetailsModel
design parametersR shunt250 ohmR shunt (G=0)2100 ohmR series
model0.29 ohmR series max0.37 ohm R series apparent0.47 ohm
PV Module Behavior at different irradiance level
PV Parameters@ 1000W/m2@800 W/m2@ 400 W/m2
PMPP249.8.2W200.6 W100.00
VOC37.2V36.8 V35.8V
VMPP30.1V30.2 V30.1V
ISC8.87A6.64A3.55A
IMPP8.31A7.10A3.33A
Module efficiency15.54%15.32%15.27%
Temperature co-eff-0.43%/0C-0.43%/0C-0.44%/0C
Solar PV Array Sizing & Connection Details
conditionsAt STC (250C)At Avg. Ambient temp. (280C)
Suggested array Size1100 KWp1100KWp
Actual Solar PV Array Size1082KWp1100KWp
Watt Peak of each SPV module250Wp263Wp
Total nos. of SPV module required43264326
Total nos. of strings206206
Nos. of SPV modules in each string2121
SPV connection in each stringSeriesSeries
String voltage (VMPP)609V630V
String current (ISC / IMPP)8.87A/8.3A9.51A/8.82A
Connection of stringsParallelParallel
Array voltage (VOC / VMPP)780V/635V750V/620V
Array current (ISC / IMPP)1830A/1710A1960A/1816A
w w w . r e n e w p o w e r z o n e . i nPage 10
Detail Solar Inverter Specification & Design Details
Inverter TypeString Inverter (MPPT)
Quantity53
INPUT (DC)
Max. Power23KW
Max absolute Input Voltage1000V
Start Voltage350V
Nominal MPP voltage range490V-800V
Max Input Current per string41.5A
Nos. of Independent MPP inputs/strings per MPP inputs1/6
OUTPUT (AC)
Rated Output Power20000W
Max. Apparent AC Power20000VA
Power Threshold20W
Nominal AC Voltage/range3/N/PE;230/460V
AC Power Frequency/ range50Hz
Max. output current3x29A
Power factor at rated power1
Feed-In phases/connection phases3/3
Efficiency
Max. Efficiency98.7%
Protection Details
DC DisconnectAvailable
DC Surge ArresterAvailable
Protection ClassI (as per IEC 62103)
Total harmonic distortion