1 JASMIN Activation Experiments (T-972/993/994) Yoshimi Kasugai on behalf of JASMIN Activation team JASMIN Activation team Y. Kasugai, K. Oishi, H. Matsumura, H. Yashima, N. Matsuda, H. Iwase, A. Toyoda,
Jan 11, 2016
1
JASMIN Activation Experiments (T-972/993/994)
Yoshimi Kasugai on behalf of JASMIN Activation team
JASMIN Activation teamY. Kasugai, K. Oishi, H. Matsumura, H. Yashima,
N. Matsuda, H. Iwase, A. Toyoda,
2
Introduction – What’s JASMIN• Shielding experiments under a collaborative project
of JASMIN started on 2007 using high-energy proton accelerator at Fermilab.– JASMIN: Japanese and American Study on Muon
Interaction and Neutron Detection
• The experiments are carrying out at – Pbar, NuMI and FTBF.
• JASIM has two experimental groups:– Counter Team Dec., 6’ s Talk by Sanami– Activation Team
• Results of the Activation team will be presented now.
3
Motivation and Experiment• Analysis of secondary particles (neutrons and muons) on in-shield
behavior for high-energy proton accelerators (Ep> 100 GeV)
=> Validation of high-energy particle transportation codes
=> Discovery of a macroscopic principle of particle behavior
=> Radiation safety• Chemical behavior of radioactive products
• Pbar– Neutron flux distribution and the attenuation in steel and concreted shield
– Analysis of air gas and cooling water in the radiation environment.
• NuMI– Muon-induced nuclide production
– Muon attenuation in rock
• Fermilab Test Beam Facility (FTBF):– Elemental study on the radioactivity production and the chemical behavior
4
Pbar
5
Shielding Experiment at PbarShielding Experiment at PbarMulti-foil Activation Method Position: In-steel & Shield surface Foils: In, Al, Nb, Bi => Coverage of Neutrons between1
MeV and 100 MeV
6
Comparison of neutron spectra between Comparison of neutron spectra between Expr. and Calc.Expr. and Calc.
10-12
10-11
10-10
10-9
10-8
10-7
10-6
1 10 100 1000
Neu
tron
Flu
x [/c
m2/le
thar
gy/p
roto
n]
Neutron Energy [MeV]
CC02
FP03
FP04
FP05
AG(=90o)
Expr.
Calc.
• The neutron attenuation length for iron shield was obtained: 150±5 g/cm2.• The shapes of neutron spectra by PHITS calculation was not so bad in comparison with
the experiments.• The experimental data of neutron attenuation in concrete shield are required for further
analysis. The experiments will be carried out in this series.
In Steel
On Steel
On Concrete
Target
OuterThe neutron spectra along the line from the inner to outer.
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Measurement of Radioactive Aerosol in High-energy Proton Target Station at Fermilab.
Target room120 GeVproton
target
Existing gas-sampling system
Impactor
flow meter
Pump
Concrete shielding
Iron shielding
Sampling from target room using Impactor (2/15, 10:20- 3h sampling)
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After sampling using Impactor ・・・ -ray spectrometry of
radioactive aerosols collected on aluminum foil which are equipped in each stage (10 stages in total) of the impactor
Be-7, Na-24, Sc-46, Sc-47, V-48, Cr-51, Mn-52, Mn-54, Co-56, Co-57, Co-58, Ni-57, Au-196, Au-198 from target room
10-7 10-6 10-50
1
2
3
4[103]
Particle diameter (dp, m)
(N0/
dlnd
p)
7Be aerosol fitted
GMD 1.6μ m GSD 2.3
Be-753.3 d
The experimental data indicate that:→ Particle size distribution of radionuclides show “aerosol growth” in the accelerator target room→We can estimate the velocity of particle growth using half-life of each nuclide.
9
NuMI
10
Nuclear reactions in NuMI beam line
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 8010-3
10-2
10-1
100
101
102
Ave
rage
of
(Yie
ld a
t Alc
ove-
X)/
(Yie
ld a
t Alc
ove-
2)
Depth (m)
Alcove-1
Alcove-2
Alcove-3
Alcove-420 30 40 50 60
10-37
10-36
10-35
10-34
10-33
10-32
Product mass number
Mas
s yi
elds
(1/
atom
/pro
ton)
Cu
Alcove-1Exp.MARS(Total)
Varia
tion
of a
ctivi
ty
High!
Theoretical
Experimental
20 30 40 50 6010-38
10-37
10-36
10-35
10-34
10-33
Product mass number
Mas
s yi
elds
(1/
atom
/pro
ton)
Cu
Alcove-2Exp.MARS(Total)
Muon Attenuation
Nuclide Production
Large gaps are seen in Alcove-1.
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Measurement of the Original Beam
190 sets of samples were place on the front surface of the Hadron absorber.
12
We found two large peaks at the absorber
系列1
系列2
系列3
系列4
系列5
系列6
系列7
系列8
系列9
0.000
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
123456789
Flash report@AA-Au-196
14.000 -16.000
12.000 -14.000
10.000 -12.000
8.000 -10.000
6.000 -8.000
4.000 -6.000
2.000 -4.000
0.000 -2.000
40 cm
What are these large peaks???120 cm
Distribution of Au-196 activity
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FTBF
14
120GeV p
monitor foil(Al)irradiation samples
SEM
Nuclide Production induced by 120 GeV-protons
Cross Section data of nuclide production for 120-GeV proton bombardment
15
Radiocolloid formation study by proton irradiation
020406080100
0 20 40 60 80 100Be-7
Na-24
Mg-28
S-38
Cl-39
K-42
K-43
Sc-44m
Sc-46
Sc-47
Cr-48
Mn-52
Mn-56
Fe-52
Co-55
Co-56
Co-58
Ni-57
Cu-61
Colloid rate [%]
Ion rate [%]
Ion rate from filtrate activity
Colloid rate from filter activity
No Data
No DataNo Data
No DataNo Data
Be-7
Na-24
Mg-28
S-38
Cl-39
K-42
K-43
Sc-44m
Sc-46
Sc-47
Cr-48
Mn-52
Mn-56
Fe-52
Co-55
Co-56
Co-58
Ni-57
Cu-61
No Data
No Data
No DataNo Data
Irradiation to Cu
Cu
Fe
Be-7 Ion-to-Colloid ratios for each radioactive products were measured.
Important data for handling the cooling water in the radiation environment from the radiation-safety point of view
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SummarySummary• Experimental data on neutron behavior have been
obtained in the view points of attenuation of steel shield.– Experiments on concrete-attenuation will be done in this series.
• Experimental data of muon attenuation and muon-induced nuclide production data has been obtained.– Still remains the spitted beam issue at the Hadron-absorber
surface. => Now we are investigating.• Chemical behaviors of radionuclide produced in air gas
and cooling water has been investigated.
• Thanks to• Fermilab T972/T993/T994 members, N.Mokhov, A.Leveling,
D. Boehnlein, K.Vaziri• Pbar / NuMI / Rad. safety stuffs• FTBF members, A.Soha, E.Ramberg, R.Coleman, D.Jensen