1 IS/PAL0005 TADAO TAKAHASHI ISOC/BRAZIL INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES: THE LANDSCAPE IN LATIN AMERICA.

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IS/PAL0005

TADAO TAKAHASHITADAO TAKAHASHIISOC/BRAZILISOC/BRAZIL

INFORMATION SOCIETY INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES:INITIATIVES:

THE LANDSCAPE IN THE LANDSCAPE IN LATIN AMERICALATIN AMERICA

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FOCUS OF THIS CONTRIBUTIONFOCUS OF THIS CONTRIBUTION

REFLECTIONS ON THE AD HOC WORKING GROUP REFLECTIONS ON THE AD HOC WORKING GROUP PROPOSAL (AS CONVEYED IN MS. SCOTT’S REVISED PROPOSAL (AS CONVEYED IN MS. SCOTT’S REVISED DRAFT) FROM THE STANDPOINT OF A DEVELOPING DRAFT) FROM THE STANDPOINT OF A DEVELOPING COUNTRY (IN LATIN AMERICA)COUNTRY (IN LATIN AMERICA)

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GLOBAL INFOSTRUCTURE PROGRAMME GLOBAL INFOSTRUCTURE PROGRAMME (GIP)(GIP)

OBJECTIVES:- Facing the ethical, legal and socio-cultural challenges of the Information Society

- Encouraging access to public domain information through digitization, organization and preservation

- Supporting training, continuing education and life-long learning

- Promoting the use of standards and best practices

- Promoting International Networking

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I. TECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCEI. TECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCE

II. THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATIONII. THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATION

III. COMMENTS ON THE AD-HOC WG PROPOSALIII. COMMENTS ON THE AD-HOC WG PROPOSAL

IV. FINAL REMARKSIV. FINAL REMARKS

APPENDIXAPPENDIX

I. Information Society Initiatives: the EvolutionI. Information Society Initiatives: the Evolution

II. Governance IssuesII. Governance Issues

CONTENTSCONTENTS

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I.I. TECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCETECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCE

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCE

COMMON TECHNOLOGICAL BASE

THREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE

IT HAS EVOLVED IN SUCH A WAY THAT - Computing, - Communications, and - Contents

SHARE THE SAME TECHNOLOGICAL BASE.

Information Technology ConvergenceInformation Technology Convergence

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Information Technology Convergence (cont.)Information Technology Convergence (cont.)


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COMMON TECHNOLOGICAL BASECOMMON TECHNOLOGICAL BASE

DIGITAL MEDIA For storage, processing, transmission

BASIC PROTOCOLS TCP/IP (Networking HTTP (Navigation)

ADRESSING/IDENTIFICATION OF OBJECTS E-Address: [email protected] URL: www.sony.com

MEDIA FORMATS: JPEG/MPEG, MP3, etc.


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THREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK FOR THREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK FOR NETWORK-BASED SYSTEMSNETWORK-BASED SYSTEMS

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THREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORKTHREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK

APPLICATIONS LEVEL - Myriad of Initiatives - Dependent upon area of application

GENERIC SERVICES - Integrated set of several tools/standards - Easy and widely available

CONNECTIVITY - Integration of wholesale facilities - Usually deployed as national initiatives - High cost of operation


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THREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK (cont.)THREE-LEVEL FRAMEWORK (cont.)

A FRAMEWORK FOR DISCUSSION A FRAMEWORK FOR DISCUSSION

OF IT POLICIESOF IT POLICIES

The three-level framework suggests a general framework for the discussion of IT policies, programs, projects, etc., conveniently separating issues, actors, facets, etc.


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II. The Latin American SituationII. The Latin American Situation

II. THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATIONII. THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATION

THE INTERNET

TELECOMMUNICATIONS

INFORMATION

GOVERNMENT

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II.II. THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATION (cont.)THE LATIN AMERICAN SITUATION (cont.)

Best Approximation to IS-like Initiatives;

Origins: ACADEMIC - though not from R&D;

- strong role even today;

Main thrust today is for COMMERCIAL purposes;

Diffusion still restricted to METROPOLITAN AREAS.

THE INTERNETTHE INTERNET

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Buenos Aires Declaration (Gore, ITU Conference, 1994) on GII principles;

Largely privatized;

Strong impact on Voice Services;

Little concern for National IS Strategies.

TELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS

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Libraries, archives, etc. little affected by IS Initiatives or even Internet;

Education of Information professionals mostly obsolete with respect to new technologies;

Services in Science & Technology such as STN virtually unknown.

INFORMATIONINFORMATION

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Only recently paying attention to Internet (and mainly for legal perspective);

Strategic Vision towards IS exception more than rule;

Absent from global governance fora.

GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

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APPENDIXAPPENDIX



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I. INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES: THE I. INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES: THE EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

1. The Natural Evolution:1. The Natural Evolution:


2020


I. INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES: THE EVOLUTION (I. INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES: THE EVOLUTION (cont.)cont.)

US : Strong Infrastructure initiative pullingApplications.

EUROPEAN : Pilot Applications initiative pulling UNION Infrastructure.

DEVELOPING : Mix of strategies with less than clear WORLD goals.

2. How it has happened2. How it has happened

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US : R&D INDUSTRY SERVICES

EUROPEAN : SERVICES INDUSTRY R&D UNION

DEVELOPING : Little (if any) role for R&D. WORLD

3. The Role of R&D3. The Role of R&D


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US : No explicit concern (as Internet is US-Centric).

EUROPEAN : Explicit concern and policy. UNION

DEVELOPING : Concern but short of Policies. WORLD

4. The Impact on Culture4. The Impact on Culture


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5. Current Issues (for All)5. Current Issues (for All)

Legislation - Contents; - Privacy; - Security;

E-Commerce - Payment; - Taxing; - Supply Chains;


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II. GOVERNANCE ISSUESII. GOVERNANCE ISSUES

NEW ORGANIZATION (ICANN) CREATED IN OCT’98 TO MANAGE CRITICAL ASPECTS:

CHANGES IN INTERNET GOVERNANCECHANGES IN INTERNET GOVERNANCE

IP addresses;

Domain names;

Protocols;

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ICANN IS TOTALLY NEW ANIMAL

International in Scope;

Private (though managing Public Resources);

Governments in Advisory Position only;

Regional Representation;

Direct Voting for Directors (of At-large Membership).

II.II. GOVERNANCE ISSUESGOVERNANCE ISSUESCHANGES IN INTERNET GOVERNANCE (CHANGES IN INTERNET GOVERNANCE (cont.)cont.)

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THE FUTURE OF ICANN

ICANN still an EXPERIMENT;

Developing countries will have to learn to operate in new PARADIGM;

International organizations will have to find ways to interact with ICANN.

CHANGES IN INTERNET GOVERNANCE (CHANGES IN INTERNET GOVERNANCE (cont.)cont.)


II.II. GOVERNANCE ISSUESGOVERNANCE ISSUES

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Connectivity Aspects:

- National Telecom Authority

- ITU

Generic Services:

- IETF - W3C

- ISO

Applications:

- Case-by-case,

Envolving: - Legislation (Government)

- Self-regulation (Private Sector)

REGULATORY ACTIONSREGULATORY ACTIONS


II.II. GOVERNANCE ISSUESGOVERNANCE ISSUES

1 IS/PAL0005 TADAO TAKAHASHI ISOC/BRAZIL INFORMATION SOCIETY INITIATIVES: THE LANDSCAPE IN LATIN AMERICA.

Documents

level framework slide

latin america slide

internet slide

telecommunications slide

latin american situation

international networking

public domain information

general framework