-
BIOL 333 Introduction to Medical MicrobiologyInstructor:Anthony
SiameOffice:NEU 105Lectures: MTWR (8:30-11;30 am) NWB 114Labs:MTWR
(12:30 & 3:15 pm), NEU 114Office Hrs:MW (11:30 am - 12:30
pm)Email:[email protected] your [email protected] email
address
-
Course SyllabusSyllabus/Notes posted on MyCourses PowerPoints
slides & PDF notesGo to MyBiol333Follow the linksRequired
BooksText: Microbiology: An Introduction, 12th Ed. 2015. Tortora,
G. J., Funke, B. R., and Chase, C. R. PEARSON EDUCATION, INC.
Study Guide: Microbiology: An Introduction, 11th Ed. 2013.
Funke, B. R. THE BENJAMIN/CUMMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY. (Study Guide
optional but highly recommended)Manual: Introduction to Laboratory
Microbiology: Theory, Techniques, & Experiments. 2014. TRINITY
WESTERN UNIVERSITY
-
COMPONENTS OF FINAL GRADE
Laboratory attendance*, punctuality*, & lab quizzes and
assignments* (Fail course if you miss 2 labs)15% Final laboratory
examination (May 14th) (Need to pass the lab)25%In-class
assignments10%Mid-term examination (May 6th)(Note the
Change)20%Final examination (May 15th)30%Total 100%
-
Grading
A+90 -100%B+77 - 79%C+67 - 69% D+57 - 59%A85 - 89%B73 - 76%C63 -
66%D53 - 56%A-80 - 84%B-70 - 72% C-60 - 62%D-50 - 52%FBelow 50%
-
Housekeeping Items and ExpectationYou will get your lab manual
during the first lab (on Monday)A student needs 50% in the lab
component in order to pass the courseIn accordance with FNAS lab
policy, a student who misses one lab period, without an acceptable
reason, loses credit for that labA student who misses two lab
periods without acceptable reasons fails the lab component and the
course
-
Proper Biology Department Lab Attire
Lab coats are required to be worn at all times in the lab (not
in the hall, outside, or under a jacket), since you are working on
BSL1 organisms in the lab. There may be some lab coats in NEU114
(first come-first serve basis), but it would be best for you to
have your own lab coat.
Legs should be completely covered with pants or a long skirt (no
skin should be showing below your lab coat). Appropriate footwear
would involve the entire foot being covered by your shoes (flip
flops, crocs and ballet flats are not acceptable). Failure to wear
proper attire will result in you not being allowed to enter the lab
until the issue is corrected to the satisfaction of your
instructor
-
Introduction to Medical MicrobiologyChapter 1
-
Describe examples of infectious diseasesUnderstand that
infectious diseases are caused by distinct groups of
microbesHistory of MicrobiologyDescribe the major subject areas of
this courseObjectives
-
Results from invasion of part of the body by a
microorganismMicrobes that cause infections and are described
as:infectious (infections)infectious agents pathogenspathogenic
microorganisms Infection
-
Types of Microorganism
-
Types of Infectious AgentsSeveral types: prions (proteins that
cause infections, e.g. mad cows)Viruses (influenza, HIV/AIDS,
H1N1)Bacteria (strep throat, travellers diahherea) Fungi (yeast
infection, ringworms)Algae (toxins/paralyzing shellfish
poisoning)protozoa (malaria, African sleeping sickness)helminths
(worms) (tapeworms, roundworms)arthropods (ticks, fleas, insects)
(vectors-transmit some of these m/os, lyme disease, plague,
scabies)
-
Primarily a study of :viruses, bacteria, fungi, &
protozoaBut includes helminths (worms) and arthropods (ticks,
mites, insects)Not microbes but important as vectors and can
transmit pathogensMedical Microbiology
-
Subdivisions in Medical MicrobiologyDivision depending on
microorganism: Bacteriology (study of bacteria) Virology (study of
viruses) Mycology (study of fungi) Parasitology (study of
parasites: protozoans, worms, insects)
-
Brief History Note the contributions of the following:
-
Observing MicroorganismsIn 1665, Robert Hooke observed the
boxlike opening in slices of plants (cells)Cell theory all living
things are composed of cellsIn 1674, Anton van Leeuwenhoek observed
m/os (bacteria and protozoa) with magnifying lensesHookes drawing
and microscope http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hooke
-
The Debate Over Spontaneous Generation Pasteurs Experiment
Disproving the Theory of Spontaneous Generation(1) Pasteur first
poured beef broth into a flask. (2) Next he heated the neck of the
flask and bent it. (3) M/os did not appear in the cooled solution
even after long periods. What are aseptic techniques, and how did
Pasteur contribute to their development?Methods to block the access
of airborne microorganisms to nutrient environments. Pasteur
demonstrated that heat can destroy microbial life.
-
Golden Age of Microbiology
Fermentation and pasteurization Pasteur showed that yeasts were
responsible for fermentation in making wine or beerSpoilage could
occurred when m/os convert alcohol to acetic acid (vinegar). One
way to prevent spoilage is to heat the wine or beer just enough to
kill certain m/os (pasteurization)The germ theory of disease m/os
can cause diseasesVaccination Edward Jenner showed that mild
disease cowpox gave immunity to smallpox in 1798
-
Modern Developments in Microbiology (2013 -)
-
Modern Chemotherapy Dreams of a Magic BulletThe treatment of
disease by chemical substances Two types: synthetic drugs &
antibioticsPaul Ehrlich introduced an arsenic-containing chemicals
called salvarsan to treat syphilisDiscovery of antibiotic by
Alexander Fleming in 1940
Around the fungus, there was no bacteria
-
Major Subject Areas to be ConsideredClinical microbiology:
Biology of medically important microorganismsChemotherapy and
Microbial Physiology: Control of microorganismsMicrobial
Pathogenesis & Host defense: Virulence factors &
host-pathogen interactionMicrobial Ecology: Microbiota &
biofilmBiotechnology: Practical applications of microbiology
(biotechnology) Immunity, Immunology & Vaccinology: Host
Immunization, allergies, immunodeficiencies, and autoimmune
diseases Epidemiology & public health microbiology: Movement of
diseases in populations, emerging infectious diseases, Case studies
of common infectious diseases
-
Three Approaches to the Study of Infectious DiseasesOrganismal
approach: Focus on type of organismBacterial diseases Viral
diseases Mycoses Parasites- diseases caused by protozoa and
helminths
-
ApproachesBody systems approach: Focus on body parts
infectedSkin infections Cardiovascular system infectionsRespiratory
tract infections (pneumonia)Digestive system infections (cholera,
diarhhea) Urinary and reproductive tract infections (urithritis,
urititis)
-
ApproachesEcological approach: Focus on how persons become
infected or route of infectionFoodborne and waterborne diseases
(food poisoning, hamburger disease?)Skin and wound infections
Sexually-transmitted diseases (HIV/Aids, Ghonnorea, syphillis,
warts,) Nosocomial infections (acquire from
hospitalization)Arthropod-borne diseases
-
Clinical or Diagnostic MicrobiologyClinical (associating
signs/symptoms with pathogen/disease)Association between pathogen
and disease Diagnostic (BIOL333 lab focus) Identification of
medically important microorganisms in the laboratory Culturing,
biochemical tests, microscopy, staining, etc.
-
True or False?Most of the microbes have been identified FMost
microbes are potentially harmful to humans or animals FWhen we are
healthy, our bodies do not contain any microbes FViruses are living
microbes T/FIf all microbes were eliminated, humans could not
survive on earth T
-
The Trick of an Enteric bacteria, Edwardsiella tardaHow Bacteria
Cause Diseases in Animals & Humans
-
Q&AAdvertisements tell you that bacteria and viruses are all
over your home and that you need to buy antibacterial cleaning
products. Should you? Explain.
Strep throat for *a)BacteriaB andc) fungid) volvox-
algaee)viruses*Emphasis is on the m/os causing the infections*Not
just looking at the m/os, but also the infected body. **Many more
yet to be chracterized. Approx. 5000 identified, million to go?Many
dont cause trouble, they just break down plant and animal
materialOur body harbors 100s of thousands on the surface and
billions on the inside. Part of being healthy is having a number of
healthy microbes.Depends, living in host, not living
outsideFermentation, breakdown of plant and animal materials,
degradation of material, some produce important vitamins, some help
with the immune system, outcompeting the pathogens*