1 Internal Displacement Internal Displacement A Global A Global Environmenal Health Environmenal Health Challenge Challenge Reference: Reference: Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007 Developments in 2007 (98 pages) (98 pages) www.internal-displacement.org/ www.internal-displacement.org/
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Internal DisplacementInternal DisplacementA Global A Global
Environmenal Health Environmenal Health ChallengeChallenge
Reference: Reference:
Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007 in 2007
UN DefinitionUN Definition““Persons or groups of persons who Persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid result of or in order to avoid the the effects of armed conflict, effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized situations of generalized violence, violations of human violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made rights or natural or human-made disastersdisasters, and who have not crossed , and who have not crossed an internationally recognised State an internationally recognised State border.”border.”
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Comparison:Comparison:The Refugee and IDP The Refugee and IDP
RefugeesRefugees Have crossed an Have crossed an
international international border;border;
Have lost the Have lost the protection of their protection of their own country;own country;
Have a special Have a special status under status under international law.international law.
IDPsIDPs Are displaced within Are displaced within
their own country;their own country; Causes of flight: Causes of flight:
violence, war, human violence, war, human rights violations, rights violations, disasters;disasters;
Country still in charge of Country still in charge of their protection;their protection;
Do not have a special Do not have a special status under status under international law but international law but should enjoy same should enjoy same rights as other citizensrights as other citizens..
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Issues of ConcernIssues of Concern 26 million Internally Displaced Persons 26 million Internally Displaced Persons
(IDPs) seeking shelter after being forced (IDPs) seeking shelter after being forced from their homes.from their homes.
9.3 million in 10 countries whose 9.3 million in 10 countries whose governments are indifferent or hostile to governments are indifferent or hostile to their protection needstheir protection needs
2.7 million IDPs in Europe2.7 million IDPs in Europe A great many denied physical security and A great many denied physical security and
integrity, basic necessities of life, integrity, basic necessities of life, economic, social and cultural needs and economic, social and cultural needs and living under environmental conditions living under environmental conditions destructive to human healthdestructive to human health
From iDMC 2008 Report: Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends From iDMC 2008 Report: Internal Displacement: Global Overview of Trends and Developments in 2007and Developments in 2007
Sources: UNHCR website for refugee figures and NRC/Global Sources: UNHCR website for refugee figures and NRC/Global IDP Project for IDP figuresIDP Project for IDP figures
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20072007
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Internal Displacement Overview for Internal Displacement Overview for 20072007
Conflict-related IDPs Conflict-related IDPs Worldwide Worldwide 26 Million26 Million
Most affected continent – Most affected continent – Africa Africa 12.7m in 19 countries 12.7m in 19 countries
IDPs in Europe IDPs in Europe 2.7 million in 10 countries2.7 million in 10 countries
IDPs faced with governments IDPs faced with governments indifferent or hostile to their indifferent or hostile to their protection needs – protection needs –
9.3 million in at least 10 9.3 million in at least 10 countries countries
Source: Norwegian Refugee Council Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre
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European RegionEuropean Region
1010
Conflict Related IDPs in Europe
Total: 2,691,390
Armenia 11,000
Azerbaijan 690,000
Bosnia and Herzegovina 132,000
Croatia 3,200
Cyprus 210,000
Georgia1 233,000
Macedonia 790
Russian Federation2 89,000
Serbia 247,000
Turkey
1,075,000
Internal Displacement in Europe in 2007
1111
KosovoKosovo
1212
Conflict-related IDPs Conflict-related IDPs December 2007December 2007 Countries affected – Countries affected – at least 52at least 52
1010 Countries where most IDPs Countries where most IDPs were exposed to serious threats to security & were exposed to serious threats to security &
integrity integrity faced obstacles to access the basic necessities of faced obstacles to access the basic necessities of
life life
2121 Countries with Govs or occupation forces Countries with Govs or occupation forces involved in deliberately displacing peopleinvolved in deliberately displacing people
IDPs IDPs without any significant humanitarian assistance without any significant humanitarian assistance
from their governments - from their governments - 11.3million in at least 13 11.3million in at least 13 countriescountries
faced with governments indifferent or hostile to faced with governments indifferent or hostile to their protection needs- their protection needs- 9.3 million in at least 10 9.3 million in at least 10 countriescountries
United Nations World Summit 2005
State Sovereignty Duties &
Responsibilities to Protect its own People
World Community International
Responsibility to Protect
against state-sponsored or state tolerated atrocities
Denial of EH Conditions Supportive of Life
- Crime Against Humanity -
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Human Right Council (HRC)Human Right Council (HRC)
ExpertsExperts Thematic Special ProceduresThematic Special Procedures Provide Advice & Research to CouncilProvide Advice & Research to Council Establish Interaction with Establish Interaction with
States, National HR Institutions, NGOs States, National HR Institutions, NGOs
Confidential Complaint ProcedureConfidential Complaint ProcedureGross and reliably-attested Gross and reliably-attested
violationsviolations
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Internal DisplacementInternal Displacement
Deng PrinciplesDeng Principles
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International Court of JusticeInternational Court of Justice Primary Judicial Organ of Primary Judicial Organ of
UNUN
Established 1945; Established 1945;
Began Work 1946Began Work 1946
War Crimes; War Crimes;
Illegal State Interference; Illegal State Interference;
Ethnic CleansingEthnic Cleansing
International Criminal CourtInternational Criminal Court
Began Operating 2002Began Operating 2002
Most Serious Crimes under Most Serious Crimes under
International LawInternational Law
War Crimes & GenocideWar Crimes & Genocide
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Environmental Health Environmental Health SustainabilitySustainability
Develop pattern of Develop pattern of human relationships human relationships informed by -informed by - pattern disclosed in naturepattern disclosed in nature