1 INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECOVERY BEST PRACTICES Associate Professor Dr. Sombat Teekasap Honorarium Chairman, Environmental Management Industry Club, Advisory.

11

INDUSTRIAL WASTE INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECOVERY BEST RECOVERY BEST

PRACTICESPRACTICES

Associate Professor Dr. Sombat Teekasap

Honorarium Chairman, Environmental Management Industry Club, Advisory Board Chairman, Renewable Energy Industry Club, and

Vice Chairman, Executive Environment Institute Committee, Federation of Thai Industries,

Dean of Engineering, Eastern Asia University

22

TOPICSTOPICS Development and trends of industrial Development and trends of industrial

waste recovery in Thailandwaste recovery in Thailand Waste recovery infrastructureWaste recovery infrastructure Effective waste recovery systemEffective waste recovery system Technological development of Technological development of

industrial waste recoveryindustrial waste recovery

33

Development and trends of Development and trends of industrial waste recovery in industrial waste recovery in

ThailandThailand

44Solid Foundation for a Sustainable Society

Governmental Intervention

Multi-stakeholder Engagement

Corporate Social Responsibility

MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROLINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL

MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROLINDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL

55

SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT

Economically affordableEconomically affordable

Socially acceptableSocially acceptable

Environmentally effectiveEnvironmentally effective

66

WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGYWASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

ReduceReduce amount of waste amount of waste generated.generated.

Develop Integrated Waste Develop Integrated Waste Management system to handle the Management system to handle the inevitable waste producedinevitable waste produced

- - ReuseReuse

- - RecycleRecycle

77

CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMWASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Integrated Holistic System ApproachIntegrated Holistic System Approach – – waste materials, source of waste, collection methods, treatment methods (recycling, energy recovery, anaerobic digestion, composting, landfill)

Market Oriented – materials and energy must have end use and generate income.

Flexibility Flexibility – appropriate adaptability and constant improvement.

Scale Social AcceptabilitySocial Acceptability

88

COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE VOLUME COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE VOLUME ACCORDING TO AREASACCORDING TO AREAS

AreaArea PopulationPopulation Amount of Amount of Solid WasteSolid Waste

Solid Waste Solid Waste RateRate

MillionMillion t/dt/d %% kg/day/pkg/day/p

1. Bangkok1. Bangkok 5.735.73 9,3179,317 24.124.1 1.631.63

2. Municipalities 2. Municipalities and City of and City of PattayaPattaya

11.7111.71 11,90311,903 30.830.8 1.021.02

3. Others3. Others 44.8744.87 11,42011,420 45.145.1 0.390.39

TotalTotal 62.3162.31 38,64038,640 100100 0.620.62

14.3 million tons/year 14.3 million tons/year

99

COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY SOLID WASTESOLID WASTE

Biological materials (about 46%)Recyclable materials (about 42%)Hazardous materials (about 3%)Others (about 9%)

1010

1. Paper1. Paper 25.06%25.06%

2. Glasses2. Glasses 12.36%12.36%

3. Plastic3. Plastic 24.54%24.54%

4. Iron4. Iron 31.03%31.03%

5. Aluminum5. Aluminum 4.03%4.03%

6. Rubber 6. Rubber 2.98%2.98%

COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL NON-HAZARDOUS WASTENON-HAZARDOUS WASTE

1111

Municipal waste Municipal waste more than 200 more than 200

tons/day tons/day

Municipal waste Municipal waste more than 100 more than 100

tons/day tons/day

Municipal waste Municipal waste more than 50 tons/day more than 50 tons/day

10 10

MunicipalitieMunicipalitiess

30 30

MunicipalitieMunicipalitiess

150 150

MunicipalitiesMunicipalities

AMOUNT CLASSIFICATION OF AMOUNT CLASSIFICATION OF MUNICIPALWASTEMUNICIPALWASTE

1212

HAZARDOUS WASTEHAZARDOUS WASTE

IndustrialIndustrial 1.700 1.700 Mton MtonCommunityCommunity 0.3800.380 Mton MtonHospitalHospital 0.0160.016 Mton Mton

1313

Hazardous Hazardous Waste 1.7 Waste 1.7

million million tons/ yeartons/ year

Non Non Hazardous Hazardous

Waste Waste 5 million 5 million tons/yeartons/year

INDUSTRIAL WASTEINDUSTRIAL WASTE

1414

Waste recovery infrastructureWaste recovery infrastructure

1515

1. Report on volume of industrial hazardous and non hazardous waste required by Ministry of Industry.

2. New law enforcement.

LAW ENFORCEMENTLAW ENFORCEMENT

1616

Factory No. 101Factory No. 101

Factory No. 105Factory No. 105

Factory No. 106Factory No. 106

Waste TreatmentWaste Treatment

Sorting/Secure LandfillSorting/Secure Landfill

RecyclingRecycling

WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANTWASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT

1717

Legal Structure for Resource Recycling Promotion Legal Structure for Resource Recycling Promotion

Basic rules, Liability of central & local governments, business enterprises, residentsPolicy of the national government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Master Plan for Establishing Resource Recycling Society : Fundamental plan for other plans 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Basic Law for Establishing Resource Recycling Society (Framework law) • Establishing sustainable material

cycle in human society • Saving natural resources• Reduction of environmental impact

Solid waste act Law for promotion of efficient resource utilization

Environmental Master Plan　　　　　　　　　　 Natural environmentMobilization 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Material circulation in society

Basic Environmental Law

Establishing general framework

1)Waste reduction

2)Appropriate disposal (including recycle)

3)Regulation for waste treatment facility

4)Regulation for waste disposal companies

5)Regulation standard of waste disposal

Expansion & Reinforcement1)Recycling waste as resources 2)Materials & structure of considering recycle 3)Marks for segregation and recovery 4) Promotion of efficient utilization of by-products

Countermeasure for inappropriate waste disposal

Establishment of waste disposal facility by public sectors

1R 　 　 3R 　

Promotion of recycleAppropriate disposal of waste

Green Purchasing Law (Promotion of procurement of recycled products by governmental initiative)

Regulation according to specific materials

Full enforcement: Aug. 1996

Full enforcement: January 2001

Full enforcement: April 2001

Containers and

Packaging Recycling Law

Collection of containers and packaging by municipalities

Recycling by manufactures of containers and packages

Partly enforcement: April 1997Full enforcement: April 2000

Home Appliance Recycling Law

Waste electric appliances at households are collected by retailers

Recycling by manufactures

Full enforcement: April, 2001

Construction waste Recycling Law

Demolition work order recipients shall

Segregate demolished objects etc

Recycle demolished construction waste

Full enforcement: May, 2002

Food waste Recycling Law

Manufactures, food processing and retailers in food industry shall recycle food waste

Full enforcement: April, 2001

Source: Compiled by Kitakyushu Environment Bureau with Shigen Junkangata shakai hakusho (Resource Recycling Society White Book 2004)

Automobiles Recycling Law

Manufactures, importers, take-over companies shall take over waste cars, recover CFCs, and dismantle and crushing cars

Manufactures shall recycle airbag and shredder dusts and decompose CFCs

Partly enforcement: January 2003Full enforcement: January 2005

Full enforcement: April 2001

Expansion & Reinforcement

Full enforcement: April 2001

1818

PRESENT STRUCTUREPRESENT STRUCTURE

Only few proper sorting plants are running.

Few solid community waste incinerators are still running.

Most of solid waste sent to landfill site.

Some of landfill sites are still under standard.

1919

Effective waste Effective waste recovery systemrecovery system

2020

Develop laws and regulation to promote a total good practice in waste management.

Set up centers for complete solid waste management.

Do intensive public relation for wide spread acceptance of publics in supporting waste management practice.

Support private sectors to run waste management projects.

PRACTICAL ACTIVITIESPRACTICAL ACTIVITIES

2121

TYPICAL PROJECTSTYPICAL PROJECTS

Sorting plants Upgrading recyclable material plantElectronic waste recycling plant Hazardous waste recycle plant Waste exchange program

2222

TYPICAL PROJECTSTYPICAL PROJECTS

Composting plant Bio-liquid and compost earth wormiest

system Individual house composting Bio-gas fermentation plant Other Waste to Energy System

(Gasification, Direct Burning, and etc.)

2323

Technological development Technological development of industrial waste recoveryof industrial waste recovery

2424

Used PET Recycling ProcessUsed PET Recycling Process

SeparateSeparate

CrushCrush

WashWash

PalletizePalletize

A bale of A bale of PET bottlesPET bottles

PalletsPalletsFlakesFlakes

2525

Used Automobile RecyclingUsed Automobile Recycling ProcessProcess

Collect outer parts

① Drainage process

② Collect parts

Outer parts

such as doors,

fenders,

windshields,

lights, and

hoods

Fuel, Oil, LLC

Seat, Carpet,Console, Tire,Battery, Tool,CFCs,Glass

Car body conveyor system

Carrier

Hoist

Deck

Lifter

Nonferrous metal collecting machine Press

Turning Facility

③ Dismantling process

④ Nonferrous metal collecting process

⑤ Cubic press

Engine, Transmission, Fuel tank, Exhaust andother related partsUnderside parts

Heater core, Condenser, Evaporator, Motor, Harness (nonferrous parts) Upholstery (resin and leather), Bumper

Pressed goods

2626

WashingCrusher Funnel

Glass

PanelGlass

Plastic(disposal)

Non-FerrousMetals

Urethane(disposal)

MotorHeat Exchanger

Compressor

Crusher

Remove

CFCsCollection

Remove

Crusher

TV set

Washing Machine

Air Conditioner

Refrigerator

CRT

Case

Case

Case

Funnel Glass

Panel Glass

Compressor

Compressor

Heat Exchanger

CRT Separation

Motor

Presser

CFCS decomposition

Home Appliance Recycling ProcessHome Appliance Recycling Process

CrusherPlastic

Crusher

SteelMagnetic

Separation Steel

Separation

CaF2

(disposal)

Remove

Plastic (PS) PartsPlastic

Crusher

Magnetic Separation

Separation

2727

Office Equipment Recycling ProcessOffice Equipment Recycling Process

Facilities for crushing plastic

Plastic

IC substrate

Glass

Motor

Aluminum

Cable

Frame

Scale

Sep

ara

tion

Dis

man

tlem

en

t

Storage

Rack

Storage space for goods to be shipped

Rack for goods to be

shipped

MetalCrushedgoods

Sorting of goods

Arrival of goodsScale

Measure and ship

Metal detection

Crush

2828

Fluorescent substances

MercuryCol

lect

ion

and

Log

istic

s

Metals

GlassGlass, MetalsClean and Dry

Fluorescent substancesand mercury Separation Recycled fluorescent

tubes production plant

Crush &

Sort

Recycling

Fluorescent Tubes Recycling Fluorescent Tubes Recycling ProcessProcess

Domestic Use