1 IKI10230 Pengantar Organisasi Komputer Bab 7: Control Unit 28 Mei 2003 Bobby Nazief ([email protected]) Qonita Shahab ([email protected]) bahan kuliah: http://www.cs.ui.ac.id/kuliah/iki10230/ Sumber : 1. Hamacher. Computer Organization, ed-5. 2. Materi kuliah CS152/1997, UCB.
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1 IKI10230 Pengantar Organisasi Komputer Bab 7: Control Unit 28 Mei 2003 Bobby Nazief ([email protected]) Qonita Shahab ([email protected]) bahan kuliah:
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1. PCout, MARin, Read, Clear Y, Set carry-in to ALU, Add, Zin
2. Zout, PCin, WMFC
3. MDRout, IRin
4. R3out, MARin, Read
5. R1out, Yin, WMFC
6. MDRout, Add, Zin
7. Zout, R1in, End
ControlInstruction
Datapath
IR
Con
ditio
ns
ControlSignalsPCout
MARin ADD
Riin
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Organisasi Unit Pengendali
Decoder/Encoder
Control StepCounter
Clock
IR
StatusFlags
ConditionCodes
CLK
Control Signals
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Pemisahan Decoder & Encoder
Encoder
Control StepCounter
Clock
IR
StatusFlags
ConditionCodes
InstructionDecoder
Step Decoder
LDI
CLK
T1 T2 Tn
Control Signals
LD
INSn
Run End
Reset
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Contoh Struktur Encoder untuk sinyal Zin
° Fungsi Logika:
Zin = T1 + T6 ADD + T5 BR + …
° Zin akan terjadi pada:
• T1: untuk setiap instruksi (instruksi berikut: PC+1)
• T5: untuk instruksi ADD
• T6: untuk instruksi BR
ADD BR
T5T6
T1
Zin
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Interaksi Memori [Control,Datapath]
DataOut
Clk
5
Rw Ra Rb
Registers
Rd
AL
U
Clk
Data In
DataAddress
IdealData
Memory
Instruction
InstructionAddress
IdealInstruction
Memory
Clk
PC
5Rs
5Rt
32
323232
A
B
Nex
t A
dd
ress
Control
Datapath
Control Signals Conditions
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Pengendalian Eksekusi Instruksi:
Microprogrammed Control
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Microprogramming
° Control is the hard part of processor design° Datapath is fairly regular and well-organized
° Memory is highly regular
° Control is irregular and global
Microprogramming:
-- A Particular Strategy for Implementing the Control Unit of a processor by "programming" at the level of register transfer operations
Microarchitecture:
-- Logical structure and functional capabilities of the hardware as seen by the microprogrammer
Historical Note:
IBM 360 Series first to distinguish between architecture & organizationSame instruction set across wide range of implementations, each with different cost/performance
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Microinstructions STEP CONTROL SIGNALS
1. PCout, MARin, Read, Clear Y, Carry-in to ALU, Add, Zin
e.g., Fetch Calc Operand Addr Fetch Operand(s) Calculate Save Answer(s)
one of these ismapped into oneof these
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Control: Hardware vs. Microprogrammed
° Control may be designed using one of several initial representations. The choice of sequence control, and how logic is represented, can then be determined independently; the control can then be implemented with one of several methods using a structured logic technique.
Initial Representation Finite State Diagram Microprogram
Sequencing Control Explicit Next State Microprogram counter Function + Dispatch ROMs