1 ICT infrastructure in SUDAN a small step Towards a great project (e-Government) e-Government and IP Symposium for the Arab Region UAE - Dubai 22-25 November.

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ICT infrastructure in SUDANICT infrastructure in SUDAN

a small step Towards a great project (e-a small step Towards a great project (e-Government)Government)

e-Government and IP Symposium for the Arab Regione-Government and IP Symposium for the Arab Region

UAE - DubaiUAE - Dubai

22-25 November 200422-25 November 2004

Presented by:

ASIM ABDELWAHAB ABDORABO

Manager, IP NETWORK

SUDATEL

e-Government and IP Symposium for the Arab Region Dubai-UAE 22-25 Nov 2004

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Presentation structure:

PART 1

e-Government concept, opportunities and success factors

PART 2

e–government status in SUDAN ( Highlights)

PART 3

Figures & Facts about ICT Infrastructure in SUDAN


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PART 1

e-Government concept , opportunities and success factors


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WHAT is e-GOVERNMENT ?

e-Government means different things for different people. Some simply define it as digital governmental information or a way of engaging in digital

transactions with customers. For others e-Government simply consists of the creation of a web site where information about political and governmental

issues is presented.

These narrow ways of defining and conceptualizing e-Government restrict the range of opportunities it offers. One of the reasons why many e-Government initiatives fail is related to the narrow definition and poor understanding of the

e-Government concept, processes and functions.

e-Government is a multidimensional and complex concept, which requires a broad definition and understanding, in order to be able to design and

implement a successful strategy.


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e-GOVERNMENT DEFINITION

e-Government is the government owned or operated systems of information and communication technologies that transform relations with citizens, the private sector and/or other government agencies so as to promote citizens’ empowerment, improve service delivery, strengthen accountability, increase transparency, or improve government efficiency.

Traditionally, the interaction between a citizen or business and a government agency took place in a government office. With emerging information and communication technologies it is possible to locate service centers closer to the clients. Such centers may consist of an unattended kiosk in the government agency, a service kiosk located close to the client, or the use of a personal computer in the home or office.

Analogous to e-commerce, which allows businesses to transact with each other more efficiently (B2B) and brings customers closer to businesses (B2C), e-government aims to make the interaction between government and citizens (G2C), government and business enterprises (G2B), and inter-agency relationships (G2G) more friendly, convenient, transparent, and inexpensive.


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OPPORTUNITIES OF e-GOVERNMENT

Benefits assured by using the applications of e-Government in developing countries are the same as those in developed countries.

Cost reduction and efficiency gains. Quality of service delivery to businesses and customers. Transparency, anticorruption, accountability. Increase the capacity of government. Network and community creation. Improve the quality of decision making. Promote use of ICT in other sectors of the society.

Note:- The digital divide between richer countries and developing ones is large withhigh-income economies having 416 personal computers per 1,000 people andlow-income economies only 6 per 1,000 (World Bank, 2003).


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CHALLENGES FOR A SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF e-GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES

ICT infrastructure (e-readiness, computer literacy, telecommunication infrastructure ).

Policy issues (legislation)

Human capital development and life long learning (skills, capabilities, education, learning, Training)

Change management (culture, resistance to change)

Partnership and collaboration (public/private partnership, community and network creation)

Strategy (clear vision, mission)

Leadership role (awareness,motivate, involve, influence, support)


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PLANING AND MANAGEING e-GOVERNMENT PROJECTS• establishing e-government teams within government.• ensure the project management team has sufficient authority.• develop a work plan to implement the priority e-government projects.

The work plan should focus on the following key elements:1. Content Development: including development of applications, open

standards, local language interfaces, user guides and e-learning materials.

2. Competency Building: human resources and training programs must be implemented at all levels.

3. Connectivity: local networks and Internet connections must be applied across the relevant agencies or enterprises.

4. Cyber laws: to provide a legal framework that supports the objectives of e-government policies and projects.

5. Citizen Interfaces: a proper mix of delivery channels is needed to ensure that e-government is accessible and affordable for users.

6. Capital: e-government business plans must identify revenue streams like user charges, subscriptions or budgets that will help achieve financial equilibrium


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e-GOVERNMENT READINESS Readiness for e-Government is not only a governmental issue

Readiness starts with political will

Readiness also rests on information policy

Other key factors for readiness:

Telecommunications Infrastructure

Current connectivity and ICT usage by Government

Human capacity within Government

Existing and expected budgetary resources

e-Business climate

Officials’ readiness to change


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PART 2

e–government status in SUDAN(Highlights)


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ABOUT SUDAN

AREA…………………………..……. 2,505,800 sq km ( 967,490 sq mi) slightly more than one-quarter the size of the United States

POPULATION………………………. 33,000,000 (est.)

STATES…………………………….…26

NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES……..9


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Selected e-Initiatives in SUDAN

Governmental sector

Ministry of Council of Ministers Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Information and Communication National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC) Regulatory Body in SUDAN National Information Center (NIC)

Private sector Sudatel EBS


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Highlights on e–government in SUDAN

Sudan is still at the beginning of the road in the field of the computerization of various systems. Hence, it is inevitable to divide the

strategy of access to the e-government into phases.

Stages of the e–government in SUDANIn view of the degree of interaction between the citizens and the governmental

bodies which provide the services, the strategy could be divided into four phases,

obtainment of information on the services, unilateral interaction on the part of the beneficiary;

bilateral interaction between the citizen and the service provider

and in the last stage a complete interaction will take place.


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Brief description for each phase

Phase 1 : obtaining information on the service

This is the first step toward the e- government. In this step the provider of the service provides information on the available services. This information includes in the minimum, a detailing of the documents to be provided by the one who request and apply for the service, as follows:-

The fees to be paid by the service applicant

The steps to be followed by the service applicant and the procedural

sequence.

The address of the service provider and the method to obtain the

necessary forms.

Phase 2 : the federal interaction

It is a stage subsequent to the first stage, in which the service applicant manage to obtain the forms form the service provider site, yet, it is not possible for him to fill these forms on the network, however, he must print it.


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Brief description for each phase ……(continued)

Phase 3 : the bilateral interaction

In this phase the service applicant is able to request the service electronically, and filling the forms on the website. He expect to obtain the final result through the website. Also, the service applicant might be able to pay the required fees through the network.

Phase 4 : complete interaction

In this phase, the service provider is able to follow-up the cases from the beginning and to obtain additional information from other bodies whether it is governmental or others, and the one who request the service will be able to know the position of the interaction which he requested. The interaction continues between the different authorities until the application is finally decided upon negatively or positively.


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e- government Executive steps

Supporting information centers in federal ministries and in the States with computer systems and completion of building of local networks inside these units.

Establishment of specialized data- bases as an infrastructures to provide electronic services.

Linking local networks into a broad National network.

Training of employees in the ministries and in the states

Establishment of the governmental services website on the network

Establishment of communication centers, in cooperation with the private sector in the urban towns and the rural areas.


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PART 3Figures & Facts about the

Telecommunication Infrastructure in SUDAN


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ICT INFRASTRUCTURE IN SUDANFIXED TELEPHONE

Telephone Network capacity 1,738,600 line

Switches capacity 1,306,436 port

Number of subscriber 936,756

Teledensity 3.33 % ( SUDAN population 33 M) 0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

2,000,000

2001 2002 2003

Network capacity PSTN Ports # 0f Subscribers


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DATA NETWORKS

The 1st Data Switched was introduced in 1997.

Technologies X.25, Frame Relay, ISDN and ATM.

IP backbone planned to be implemented in Q2- 2005.

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32

0 0 0

35

0 0 0

38

4 4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2001 2002 2003

X25 sites FR sites ATM sites DSL sites


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DATA COMMUNICATION CUSTOMERS

27 governmental and commercial Banks (the network consists of 256 branches (Total # of branches > 500) .

Most of the Universities and the ministries are connected to their branches through a WAN.

65

250

188

324

256

385

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2001 2002 2003

Banks branches Others


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INTERNET BW (Mbps)

First INTERNET presence in SUDAN was in 1996

INTERNET Earth Station max capacity STM-1 up & down link

STM-1 via submarine cable PORTSUDAN – JEDDAH will be introduced Q4- 2004

STM-1 via Fiber cable SUDAN – EGYPT will be introduced Q3- 2005

4 1214 24

39

92

180

215

0

50

100

150

200

250

2001 2002 2003 2004

Up Link Down Link


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# of ISPs in SUDAN

No. of main ISPs is 20 ( 2004)

They are mainly providing Dialup service (Analog and ISDN).

The Internet service is nearly available in the main cities ( more than 75 % coverage)

Others using national calls or VSAT stations to access the Internet.

net café > 1000

10

15

20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2002 2003 2004

# of ISPs


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INTERNET Dial up Users

The Internet subscription is FREE since Oct 2002

Call charge is 3 SD / min = 1.15 cent / min

Traffic generated from the Internet usage is more than 35 M minute / month

30,00050,000

80,000

160,000

120,000

200,000

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

2001 2002 2003

Subscribers Users


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BROADBAND INTERNET (DSL & BBW)

DSL service introduced in 2003

Expected to grow very fast because of its unique features and the highly demand from the customers

Only few Broadband Wireless

stations covering remote areas ( out of the network reach)

500

2800

10000

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

2003 2004 2005

# of DSL Ports


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**

*

*

نياال*شرم

الضعينعديلة

بابنوسة الفولة

أبوكوعأبوزبد

الدبيبات

ELEL OBIEDOBIED

الرهد

روابة أمكوستي

نةكنا

KHARTOUMKHARTOUM

الكاملين الحصاحيصا

مدني

المناقلعبدالله الحاج

الحداد ود

سنجة

كرمة

أرقوبرقيق

الحفيرDONGOLADONGOLA

القولد

الدبة

مرويتنقاسي

القريركورتي

ودموسىمسعود

PORTSUDANPORTSUDAN

سلوم

جبيتمسمارهيا

درديبالروجل

عطبرة

الحديقة

المحميةالدامرالعكدبانقا

الجيلي شنديالمصفاة

ارسن نوماير

فضار

الق

دوكة

الشوكالقربة خشم

KASSALAKASSALA

سنكات

تندلتي

رحالمق

الفاوفداسي

الباقير

نياال

EL FASHEREL FASHERالجنينة

زالنجي

الدويم

الغابة

سواكن

كريمة

المجلد

الرنك

Optical Fiber Network WADI HALFAWADI HALFA

To CHADTo CHAD

To ETHIOPIATo ETHIOPIA

To EGYPTTo EGYPT

ToTo SAUDI ARABIASAUDI ARABIA

Total Fiber Length > Total Fiber Length > 65006500 Km . Km .

STM-16 & STM-64 rings SDH TechnologySTM-16 & STM-64 rings SDH Technology

Digital Microwave Links connecting rural Digital Microwave Links connecting rural

areas to the O.F Backbone .areas to the O.F Backbone .

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Existing coveragePlanned

Mobile CoverageIn SUDAN

Number of Mobile Subscribers is 724,000 (2003) The second operator will start operation in Q1- 2005


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ICT indicators in the Arab region


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17.2

7065

50

21

8 12

50

0102030405060708090

100

Fixed Mobile

World

Arab

Africa

Asia

Europe

N. Am.

Latin Am.

Tele-density (per 100 inhabitant) (2002)

Source :ICT in the ARAB world , Dr. Ibrahim Alkadi http://www.ituarabic.org


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59.7

7.51

17.1

2.4

0

25

50

75O

thers

Alg

eria

All A

rab

Palestin

e

Om

an

Eg

ypt

Lib

ya

Syria

Tu

nisia

Jord

an

Sau

di A

r

.Wo

rld

Leb

ano

n

Ku

wait

Bah

rain

Qatar

UA

E

Devlp

'd

Telephones per 100 Inhabitants (2002)



30

1.512

21

63

87

0102030405060708090100

Other

Egypt

Palestine

Mauritania

Tunisia

All A

rab

World

Om

an

Morocco

Jordan

Lebanon

Saudi A

r

.Qatar

Bahrain

Devlp'd

Kuw

ait

UA

E


Mobile subscribers per 100 inhabitants (Feb. 2004)


31

41

37

10

2.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

Oth

er

All

Ara

b

Moro

cco

Egyp

t

Pale

stin

e

Sau

di

Ar

Jord

an

Tu

nis

ia

Om

an

Worl

d

Ku

wait

Leban

on

Qata

r

Bah

rain

UA

E

Devl

p'd

INTERNET users per 100 inhabitants (2003)



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References & sources:-

The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, http://www.ejisdc.org

Roadmap for e-government in the Developing World www.pacificcouncil.org

SUDATEL annual report 2003 , www.sudatel.net

National Information Center ( SUDAN) www.nicsudan.gov.sd

World Bank web site www.worldbank.org

ICT in the ARAB world , Dr. Ibrahim Alkadi http://www.ituarabic.org


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THANK YOU

ASIM ABDELWAHAB ABDORABO

Manager, IP Network

SUDAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY

Tel : + 249 – 1-83 798503Fax : + 249 – 1-83 798504Mobile : + 249 – 9-123 04247

e-mail : [email protected]

www.sudatel.net

1 ICT infrastructure in SUDAN a small step Towards a great project (e-Government) e-Government and IP Symposium for the Arab Region UAE - Dubai 22-25 November.

Documents

egovernment concept

conceptualizing egovernment

egovernment initiatives

government agency

government office

government efficiency

government agencies

government benefits