1 Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan: FACILITY DESIGN Dan Galanis Injury Prevention and Control Program Hawaii Department of Health 1250 Punchbowl St.,

1

Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan:

FACILITY DESIGN

Dan GalanisInjury Prevention and Control Program

Hawaii Department of Health1250 Punchbowl St., Room 214

Honolulu, HI 96813Ph: 586-5943

E-mail: [email protected]

2

Overview of presentation on Facility Design

• Three main areas:– Head-on collisions– Running off the road – Crashes at intersections

• Fatal traffic crashes (FARS data)• Non-fatal traffic crashes (MVAR/DOT crash data)

– Traffic only, i.e. crashes on public roads• Excludes crashes in parking lots, driveways, military facilities,

gated sub-divisions, etc.

– Unintentional in nature• Excludes suicides, deaths of undetermined intent

– Available for fatality data only

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Head-on collisions -- definitions

• Includes only crashes on non-junction sections of roadways– Excludes crashes in intersections or “intersection related”,

“junction area”, “off road”, etc.

• Excludes crashes involving pedestrians or bicyclists

• Includes collisions described as – “head-on”

• 69% of fatal cases, 30% of non-fatal cases– “sideswipe—opposite direction”

• 8% of fatal cases, 36% of non-fatal cases– “angle—opposite direction”

• 22% of fatal cases, 34% of non-fatal cases

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Annual number of fatal and non-fatal head-on* traffic collisions in Hawaii, 2001-2005

(Includes only non-intersection crashes. *“Head-on” includes sideswipe and angle collisions in opposite directions.)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

20 17

13

17 18

509

543 544

594

561

25.6

34.0

18.8

27.4 27.3

11.7 12.4 11.5 13.1 12.1

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

percent

number

Fatal crashes (n=325) 26% head-on/opposite direction

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Non-fatal crashes (n=22,579) 12% head-on/opposite direction

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Characteristics of head-on traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005

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Running off the road -- definitions

• Excludes crashes involving pedestrians or bicyclists

• Includes only crashes on non-junction sections of roadways– Excludes crashes in intersections or “intersection related”, “junction

area”, etc.

• Fatal crashes (FARS) include crashes due to “failure to keep in proper lane”– 64% of those described as ROR, including all 64 from 2004-2005

• Non-fatal crashes includes crashes due to… – “Overturned/ran off roadway” (Harmful Action section)

• non collision: 35% of ROR– “Collision w/ object” (Harmful Action section)—not other vehicle:

• Guardrail (7%), island/raised median (8%), embankment/wall (9%), utility pole (9%), etc.---total: 53% of ROR

– Vehicle collision “Off-Roadway” (Location of Harmful Event section):• 9% of ROR

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Annual number of fatal and non-fatal traffic crashes involving running off the road in Hawaii, 2001-2005

(Includes only non-intersection crashes.)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

40

20 34 33 31

2478 2485

2858 2743

2450

51.3 40

49.3 53.2 47 40.2 40.8 43.2 42.1 39.3

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

percent

number

Fatal crashes (n=325) 49% running off road

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Non-fatal crashes (n=31,647) 41% running off road

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Characteristics of crashes related to running off the road in Hawaii, 2001-2005

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Crashes at intersections -- definitions

• Includes crashes at intersections and those coded as “intersection related” (FARS) and “intersection area” (DOT)– Excludes crashes in driveways, alleys,

entrance/exit ramp, etc

• Priority sequence: pedestrians > bicyclists > motorcyclists > occupants– E.g. motorcyclist hitting a pedestrian pedestrian

crash

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Distribution (number and percent) of fatal and non-fatal traffic crashes in intersections in Hawaii, 2001-2005 

25%

50%

75%

100%

33.3

6.5

24.8

35.3

6.1 4.4 6.1

83.4

ped. (n=51)

Fatal crashes (total=153)

bicy. (10)

mcycle. (38)

occup. (54)

ped. (1,064)

Non-fatal crashes (total=17,346)

bicy. (757)

mcycle. (1,059)

occup. (14,466)

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Annual number of fatal and non-fatal traffic crashes in intersections in Hawaii, 2001-2005 

0

10

20

30

40

8

16

5

10

12

2 1 1

3 3 4

7

5

9

13

8

14 13

12

7

3178

2951 3094

287

2373 22

38

24

34 35

3759

3506 3681

3459

2941

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Fatal crashes (total=153) Non-fatal crashes (17,346)

pedestrian bicyclist motorcyclist/moped occupant total

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Characteristics of vehicle crashes at intersections in Hawaii, 2001-2005

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Characteristics of pedestrian/bicyclist crashes at intersections in Hawaii, 2001-2005

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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, by type of crash and posted speed limit, 2001-2005 

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

21.7

33.6

21.5 19.9

3.2

46.2

33.8

11

4.8 4.1

31

48.3

17.2

3.4

28

34.4

18.8

15.5

3.3

30 to 35

10 to 25

55 +

mph

40 to 50

unk. 30 to 35

10 to 25

55 +

mph

40 to 50

unk. 30 to 35

10 to 25

55 +

mph

40 to 50

unk. 30 to 35

10 to 25

55 +

mph

40 to 50

unk.

vehicle crashes 72% of total

pedestrian 24%

bicyclist 5%

total 611 crashes

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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, by type of crash and traffic way flow, 2001-2005 

20%

40%

60%

80%

12.6 11.9

72.5

3 5.5

15.9

73.8

4.8 3.4

24.1

69

3.4

divide w/

barrier

divide w/o

barrier

un- divided

other/ unk.

vehicle crashes 72% of total

pedestrian 24%

bicyclist 5%

divide w/

barrier

divide w/o

barrier

un- divided

other/ unk.

divide w/

barrier

divide w/o

barrier

un- divided

other/ unk.

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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, by type of crash and roadway function class, 2001-2005 

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

35.9

8

3

33.6

10.5 7.8

1.1

15.9

4.1 0.7

49

19.3

10.3

0.7

24.1

3.4

51.7

13.8

6.9

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vehicle crashes (72%) pedestrian (24%) bicyclist (5%)

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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, by type of crash and relation to roadway junction, 2001-2005 

20%

40%

60%

80%

14.6

6.4

74.4

4.6

10.3

24.8

63.4

1.4

24.1

10.3

65.5

inter- section

inter- section related

non- junction

other/ unk.

inter- section

inter- section related

non- junction

other/ unk.

inter- section

inter- section related

non- junction

vehicle crashes 72% of total

pedestrian 24%

bicyclist 5%