1 Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd. Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd. Breakthroughs in Energy Breakthroughs in Energy Storage Technology – Storage Technology – Lithium Iron Phosphorous Oxide Lithium Iron Phosphorous Oxide Battery Cathode Material Battery Cathode Material
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1 Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd. Breakthroughs in Energy Storage Technology – Lithium Iron Phosphorous Oxide Battery Cathode Material.
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Formosa Energy & Material Technology Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.Co., Ltd.
Breakthroughs in Energy Breakthroughs in Energy Storage Technology –Storage Technology –
Lithium Iron Phosphorous OxideLithium Iron Phosphorous OxideBattery Cathode MaterialBattery Cathode Material
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Operating Revenue (US$) : US$ : 67.1 Billion (2008) Employees : 94,268 Worldwide Affiliates > 50 ( Taiwan, China, USA etc. )( Taiwan, China, USA etc. )
Overview of Formosa Plastics Group
Major Business : Petrochemicals (Gasoline, Oil etc. ) Plastic Raw Materials (PVC,PE, ABS etc. ) Fibers & Textiles ( Polyester, Nylon, Rayon etc.) Electronic Materials (Battery Battery Material,Material,LED,CCL, PCB, DRAM, and Silicon wafer)
• The VisionThe Vision The clean and green energy source providerThe clean and green energy source provider
• The MissionThe Mission
A world leader in supplying Li-iron based A world leader in supplying Li-iron based materials possessing high quality with high materials possessing high quality with high volume for high power and bulk energy storage volume for high power and bulk energy storage applicationsapplications
The Vision And The Mission
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Technology Evolutions & Milestones
Advanced nickel based electrode material patent awarded by USPTO in 2000
Success in the development of new generation polymer battery without the use of conventional separator in 2001, patent rights worldwide applied
Novel anode material developed successfully in 2002
Success in the development of SFCM material in 2005
Major supplier of cobalt based cathode material to EONE-MoLi in 2004 (18650 batteries)
Material development
Started from 1994
Success in the mass production of lithium manganese series, lithium nickel cobalt series, and mixed oxide cathode materials in 2003.
Success in the mass production of SFCM, in 2006
Heavy duty power system successfully developed in 2007. Example: for fork lift and vehicle starter
Mass production of affordable bulk energy storage system for family and industrial applications.
2009
Over 20 journal publications and 10 patents were published in the area of advanced materials and batteries
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Why Lithium Iron Why Lithium Iron System?System?
Characteristics of lithium iron batteries:1. High weight energy density:
— 100Wh/kg, much better than lead acid ~40Wh/kg2. High rate capability
— Up to 30C for surge, 3~5C for continuous use3. Cyclability
— Minimum 2000 cycles with 70% capacity remaining— Potential to 5000 cycles
4. Safety consideration— The best in lithium iron batteries, compatible with lead acids
5. Environmental consideration— No toxic component and is RoHS compatible — Waste reduction eventually owing to prolonged cycle life
6. Price consideration— Expected to be comparable with lead acids
7. Availability— Materials required are the most abundant elements in the world
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Performance of Supreme Ferrous Cathode Material (SFCM )Capacity
Test conditions:
• Three electrode test cell
• C/10 charge/discharge
• Lithium reference
• 14~16mg/cm2
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
4.2
4.4
0 50 100 150
Volta
ge (
V)
Capacity (mAh/g)
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Features of SFCM1. High in materials consistency 130±3 mAh/g2. Excellent in high rate capability: continuous >10C durable3. High in solid content: 55wt% or more 4. High in active material (>95wt%):
- No additional carbon black needed, - Binder less than 5 wt%
5. High in rolling density: Normally > 2.2g/cm36. Excellent slurry characteristics: Free flowing
at high solid content (55 wt%)7. Production efficient:
- Allows fast coater speed owing to less solvent content- Excellent adherence to the substrate (No further treatment for substrates required )- Water based binder/solvent system allowed
-- As a result, high yield, high performance batteries can be obtained at low cost !
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Conventional LiFePO4 Formosa’s SFCM
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General formula: LiFePO4 General formula: Li Fe(1-x)MxP(1-x)O2(2-x)
This material does not obey the LiFePO4
stoichiometry (proved by chemical analysis as (Fe+M): P ≠1:1)
2 Olivine structure Defective olivine structure plus the allowance of impurities
3 No creation of defective structure Creation of defective structure by means of oxidizing atmosphere as well as the incorporation of “stoichiometric compounds”. This is totally different from any prior art starting with the stoichiometric ratio of Li: M: P = 1:1:1 (Simple cation substitution)
4 Defect type: None Defect type: Anion defects
5 Structure and property relationship not clear (Structure--- > not necessary excellent property; Structure --- > not easy processing protocols or high processing difficulties such as inert atmosphere)
Structure and property relationship is obvious (Defective structure --- > good electronic conductivity --- > not sensitive to carbon content --- > as a result, low processing requirements)
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Current Status of SFCMCurrent Status of SFCM
• Materials patent has been applied worldwide including US and Japan
• Supreme Ferrous Cathode Material (SFCM)— Current Production 480 Tons / Year
• A New plant will deliver 4800 Tons / Year in 2009
(World #1 Manufacturer and Supplier)
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Example I. Full Cell Test (18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)
18650
Conventional standard for lap tops
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Example I. Full Cell Test (18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)
18650 Cell with LiFe Cathode
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LiFe
Example I. Full Cell Test (18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)
18650 Cell with LiFe Cathode
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Example II. Full Cell Test (40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)
22.78o 2.11 42.5 190 305 + 190 + 270 =765Failure during test130kg Reduced in Load
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Final Product DemonstrationFinal Product Demonstration(Family Use Appliances)(Family Use Appliances)
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ConclusionsConclusions• SFCM based batteries will replace lead-acid, nickel cadmium,
nickel metal hydride batteries, and become the main stream of high power, large scale power batteries
• Formosa has the production capability of 480 tons/year (currently the world #1 materials provider). The new plant will extend the production to 4800 tons/year in 2009
• Formosa has been successful in the development of heavy duty or high power systems for applications such as UPC, vehicle starting, fork lift, E-motorcycle. All applications shown have been either commercialized or in the process of field testswith potential customers
• The concept of “localized” and “miniaturized” energy saving system should be promoted and advocated in the future for resolving the energy and environment problems simultaneously
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ContactContact WindowWindow
• Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.