1 File Download · Web viewDecember 1. B antiserum agglutinate-----its type B 2. Function of Fumerase----- hydration reaction converting fumarate to malate (fumerase is an isoenzyme)3.

December

1. B antiserum agglutinate----- its typeB

2. Function of Fumerase----- hydration reaction converting fumarate to malate

(fumerase is an isoenzyme)

3. Face formation------1, 2

4. Telomerase function telomere-------(end of chromosome) protect chromosome from

degradation, regulate telomerase activity at chromosome end, essential for

chromosome stability

5. Palate formation-----first palate: two medial nasal processes and the frontonasal

process within the embryo / secondary : maxillary process

6. Bacteria in excremente---- E. coli, bacterioides

7. Question About skin infection (what fungi produce it) -----staph aureus

8. A lot of question about permanent dental anatomy--- fungi dermatophytes

(trichophytons, epidermophytons and microsporium)

9. Question about q fever, typhus ---- Q fever (coxiella burnetti) Typhus (rickettis

typhys)

10.A lot of questions about DB-2---

11.Lupus question------ autoimmune disease, discoid is skin, butterfly rash,

erythematous rash, Raynaud phenomenon, multi organ damage, kidney failure and

death! Anti sm, anti DNA, ANA antibodies, collagen vascular disease, type 3

hypersensitivity. Treatment is corticosteroid

12.Where is found phagocytes in TMJ (synovial membrane, fluid, articular surface

etc)

13.A. vertebrales – foramen magnum

14.Where are sinusoids—liver, bone marrow capillary Sinusoids are found in the

liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone

marrow and the spleen

15.Warfarin function--- anticoagulant, increase PT and INR (similar to coumadin and

dicoumorol)

16.Amelogenesis imperfecta (what vitamin deficiency) ------A and D

17.Sickle cell anemia (about Oxygen transport question) ------ agglutination and deoxygenation X linked recessive, hemolytic, missense (valine replace glutamic in 6) chrom 11

18.What muscle fiber change length (H , I,….)

19.Adrenal hormones – what cell produce what----- chromaffin cell

20.Question about TMJ ligament function-------stablize the disc,discal lig prevent

posterior inferior movement , temperomand or capsular

21.Facial nerve cut questions-------- ipsilateral loss of expression

22.A lot of question about relation of caste length relation and articular eminence

23.A lot of q about movement (cusp relation in medio-latero protrusion)

24.Stroke is produced? ----lenticulostriate of middle cerebral

25.Heart in which mediastinum? -------middle mediastinum

26.Klinefelter’s syndrome -47, XXY; heterochromatin males, undeveloped genitals,

hypogonadism , atrophic testes, tall statrue. Gynecomastia, female pubic hair

distribution, low IQ

27.Ducts in kidney (striated, intercalated…)

28.Testlet - Cambodian , actinomycosois

Testlets: Beach lady, RPD abutment guy, Snake bite, Rosacea 6 month pregnant, guy

whos father passed away has a BP of 160/90, they had one testlet, which had 8

questions and only 1 was relating to the testlet.

1. Chlamydospore is seen in?---- histoplasmosis and candida albican

2. Know which one is for Norepinephrine? B

A. Preganglionic sympathetic

B. Postganglionic sympathetic

C. Preganglaionic parasympa

D. Postganglionic para… (THIS is in FA)

3. The secondary Cementum has all Except? A

a. Blood cementum is avascular

b. Cellular

c. I forgot. But I put blood?

4. Cellular immunity is for: choice was intracellular parasite

5. Hepatocytes is from? Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

6. Blood flow from the Arteries to Veins, comparing the blood flow from the AORTA

A. SAME

B. Higher

C. Lower

D. Unrelate

7. Which one is an intracellular organism: choice was: histoplasmosis, chlamydia,

ricketssia/ Mycobact.tuberculosis is facltative intra8. Know what secretes Bicarbonate-----epithelial cells lining pancrease (intercalated

ducts of cetroacinar cells)

9. There was something about Adenylate Cyclase-----protein enzyme located on

inner surface of plasma membrane (Activates ATP to cAMP)

10. Something about Contents of PDL----- ■ Fibroblasts: Most common cell of the PDL.■ Cementoblasts and cementoclasts.

■ Osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

■ Macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils.

■ Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.

■ Ground substance: Proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins,

and water (70%).

11. Root formation occurs in which stage---APPOSITIONAL cervical loop-> hertwig

root sheath

12. Brachial arches, know difference between ARCH, CLEFT, POUCH

13. Also know the week of foration of strucutres. Go to page 242 in First AID!

Developmental biology. They will ask you to select 3 or 4

14. Choline deficiency will cause----chorline deficiency causes abnormal fat

metabolism and can lead to fatty liver disease and hepatic cirrhosis

15. Check Fates of pyruvate page 281 in First AID. Know the reaction, product and

the FUNCTION. Sometimes they will say, Oxidation reaction and choices will be?

Amino acid, gluconeogenesis, anageobic glycolysis, fatty acid.

16. Check page 311 of First Aid. The parasympathetic and sympathetic, on the NOTE.

17. Know action potential, Refractory period, absolute refractory period. IT IS NOT

the SAME choices. They are sentences and sound similar. Understand the

meaning.

18. Macrophages function:-----antigen for T cells

A. Produce il-2

B. Produce immunoglobin

C. Antigen for T cell

D. I forgot the other

19. Know Transformation, transduction, Conugation transformation-- bacteria takes

up extracellular DNA; transduction --- donor DNA packed into virus

(bacteriophage) infecting bateri; conjugation---- plasmid DNA transfer

20. What is the process from amino acid to the ribosomes ? ------translation ( tRNA)

21. Action of pili : attachment and adherence

22. Clostridium is: Gram positive, Rods, anaerobic, Spore (GRAS)

23. Dextrans polymers of: Glucose

24. Lipopolysaccharide: are seen in GRAM Negative

25. What uses Arthropods: Ricketssia (tick and lice)

26. I forgot the question but I was inhibits something:

Choices: (inhibit NT release—B; inhibit gaba or lycine—B; inhibit ACH---C)

a. Clostridum perifringens

b. Clostridium tetani

c. Butlulinum

d. Gas gangrene

27. Age of Calcificaiton of Premolar-- 2 years start / 5-7 yrs end

28. Cresence shaped central groove seen in-----Mandibular 2nd pm

29. PPD skin test there were 4 questions but all had different choices regarding the

PPD skin test----  PPD skin test elicits type IV hypersensitivy rxn, ppd positive indicates current TB infection, past exposure or BCG vaccinated... Rifampicin is used to treat TB

and it inhibits RNA synthesis by DNA-dependent RNA-Polymerase option: One was

RNA synthesis, other was DNA-dependent RNA Polymerase

30. During Uticaria you will see what? Choice was T Cell and Macrophages Urticaria should be either IgE, mast cells, basophils, histamine, angioedema for acute... but

I’m guessing there can be T cells in chronic urticari

31. Allosteric of Glycolysis: Choices: ( if allosteric inhibitor---ATP and citrulline)

a. ATP

b. AMP (and ADP, fructose 1,6 2 P)

c. cAMP

d. epinephrine

32. what is NOT associated with N. Meningitis ? Exotoxin (enterovirus)

33. Measles and mumps are: Paramyxovirus

34. Fluorocil is a Suicide of Thymidylate synthetase

35. What will increase bleeding: I put Aspirin

36. Sulfonamides block dihydrofolate and : Purine and pyramidine synthesis. Choices

were:

a. Purine only

b. Pyramdidine only

c. Both

d. None

37. Patient is treated for whooping cough, type of vaccine:

a. Artificial active

b. Artificial passive

c. Natural active

d. Natural passive

38. Which one is for Folic acid? Sulfonamides INHIBIT FOLIC ACID SYNTHESIS BY paba

and blocks both purin enadn pyrimidine ysnthesis

39. Something about bohr effect but not from any of the files

40. Serous demilunes are seen in: Sublingual gland

41. Innervation of the submandibular gland: Facial n.

42. What is the Epithelium of the Conducting zones of the Respiratory:

pseudostratified ciliated columnar

43. 5 questions about Carotid body and Carotid sinus know innervation and also if it

decreases or increases. Really understand it.

Carotid body and carotid sinus are innervated by Cn IX; baroreceptor; detect the

blood pressure

44. What is NOT in neural crest cells: Enamel (ectoderm)

45. Lower motor neuron

Choices:

A. Ventral horn

B. Dorsal

C. Rubrospinal

D. Intermedial horn

46. Epithelial lining is due to: After surgery

47. Hepatocytes from:

a. Mesoderm

b. Extoderm

c. Endoderm

48. Terminal branches for External carotid A.: Superficial Temporal A. and Maxillary

A.

49. Which branch cannot be seen in the carotid triangle: superficial temporal a.

50. VAGUS innervates:

a. Ascending colon

b. Descending colon

c. Rectum

d. Anus

51. A few questions on Glucagon and Insulin. Understand their function and purpose.

52. What is a Hapten (read about hapten, choices were very similar to each other) Antigenic determinant, can’t activate Th cells, needs carrier protein

53. Where will you find Phosphoenol pyruvate: Liver and sometimes kideny

54. Cholesterol synthesis: HMG CoA reductase

55. They have 6 questions about rate limiting, but they don’t say rate limiting, they

will say the process, or part of the process, I got cholesterol synthesis =,

glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, glycogenolysis

56. Vital capacity: TV+IRV+ERV

57. Glucose is sequestered by: Hexokinase

58. What is unique about phosphorylationg of glucose: I put Glucokinase ( maybe question about phosphorylation in liver = glucokinase

59. Spinal cord has: Simple reflex

60. Understand Respiratory alkalosis and acidosis. They will ask about PH and CO2

and what happens during emphysema or asthma

61. After metabolic acidosis patient will have: Hyperkalemia

62. Not Absorbed in the Jejenum? I forgot what I put

Absorbed in jejunum: folate acid, sugar fructose, aminao acids, small peptide and

glucose

Choices: Water, Fatty acid, ….

63. What carries iron in the blood? Transferrin

64. Substrate of thrombin? Fibrinogen

65. Hypotinic solution? Hemolysis

66. N-Glycosylation: choice was Endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosome. I

put endoplasmic reticulum

67. Hapten: all the choices sounded the same, something about carrying something

68. Amino acid for Tertirary struvure of a protein-----cystein

69. What holds protein in the lipid bilayer> Hydrophobic reaction

70. Important role in detecting the starting codon: SIGMA

71. Sensation of Umami: Glutamate

72. Ketogenic amino acid? Leucine and Lysine Apoptosis: hormone depdnednt

physiologic involution

73. Most common Deficiency: Iron deficiency anemia

74. T- cell receptor is similar to: FAB (antigen binding site)

75. Delayed hypersensitivity: T cells and macrophages

76. Patient witih Contact dermatitis or Uticaria: Macrophages present Anitgen which

activate T cell. ( I got lucky I picked this choice) its in First Aid

77. Type 1 hypersensitibty: IgE

78. Which one is used to phagocytize bacteria: Gamma Fc Receptor + C3B

79. Which mineral is needed for collagen: Vitamin C

80. What is NOT in periosteum? Osteocytes

81. During osteogensis which cell will undergo the Most Mitosis

a. Osteoclast

b. Osteoblast

c. Osteocyte

d. Osteoprogenitor osteoblast (osteogenic cells are cells that differentiate into

osteoblasts)

82. What is housed in howships lacuna? Osteoclast

83. Healing woven bone? 1-3 weeks

84. Line the surface of bony tissue? Endosteum

Endosteum—for inner surface; periosteum---outer surface

85. Innervation of the Thumb? Median N.

86. Which one does NOT contribute to the posterior wall of axilla

a. Serratus anterior

b. Subscapularis

c. Teres major

d. Latissiumus dorsi

e. Humerus

87. Innervation of the circumduction of the arm and which muscle? Axillary nerve

and Deltoid muscle

88. Esophagus begins at the:

a. Sternal angle

b. Cricoid cartilage (answer) AT C6

89. What is Not Anterior to the Abdominal aorta?

a. Liver

b. Colon

c. Right kidney

90. Which one is for FINE touch?

a. Merkel

b. Meissners

c. Pacinian

d. Krause

91. Which is found in the Anterior 2/3 of tongue?

a. Circumvallate

b. Filliform

c. Fungiform

I put Fungiform

92. Which nerve is damaged if the Tongue deviates to the RIGHT: the Right

hypoglossal n.

93. What protrudes the hyoid? Geniohyoid

94. What muscles constrict to produce sound?

a. Lateral and transverse cricoarytenoids

95. Which one is not found at the pyriform Recess? Recurrent laryngeal n.

96. Something regarding Steroid hormones which one is NOT true?

97. Needle insterted too far posteriorly patient has facial paralysis? Injection into the

Partoid gland.

98. Which one is NOT a function of the spleen? Produce plasma cells

99. Which one causes Esophageal Varices?

a. Hypertension

b. Portal hypertension

c. Renal failure

d. …

I put portal hypertension

100. most frequent form of Variscositits/varicose veins? Superfial Vein in the legs

101. treatment for Asthma: Beta agonist

102. What happens during pregnancy: decreased FSH and LH ( human chorionic gonadotrophin steps in during pregnancy)

103. If you cut the stalk but don’t cut hypophyseal…. Answer is Vasopressin (ADH)

100% sure

104. What is not in Seminefrous tubules? Leydig cell (adjacent to seminefrous

tubule)

105. Histones are synthesized in the? S- phase

106. What connets the atrium in the fetus? Foramen ovale

107. Ligamentum teres on the liver is? Umbilical vein

108. Crista terminalis is seen in the: Right atrium Anomalous development of

External acoustic meatus? Problem with 1stpharyngeal cleft

109. Meckels cartilage which week? (6 weeks?) I didn’t know I forgot what I put.

110. Know the weeks of development of the facial structures and what forms the

structure LOL

111. Inferior parathyroid is from the? 3rd arch? 3 pouch

112. Thymus gland is from the? 3rd pouch

113. Origin of the Pons and Cerebellum?

Choices: exactly:

a. Telencephalon

b. Mesencephalon (NOT Metencephalon)

c. Rhomebencephalon

d. Diencephalon

114. Most indicative of cancer?

a. Anaplasia

b. Dysplasia

c. Aplasia

d. Metaplasia

I put Anaplasia

115. Incrased serum acid phosphatase? Prostate carcinoma

116. Soemthign about Leukemia.

117. Patient has 1200 wbc, 98% lymphoctuye : Agranulocytosis

118. ABSENCE of THYMIC SHADOW? DI George IF ASKS ABSENCE OF HTYMIC

SHADOW AND LMPH NODES ITS SCID

119. You ind person with Cystic fibrosis: Increased Chloride and Sodiwhat is NOT

autosomal dominant? Gardneres syndrome (is autosomal dominant )

120. Myasthenia gravis affects:

a. Thymus

b. Adrenal medulla

c. Thyroid

d. Kidney

e. Liver

121. Describe Diabetes type 1? Autoimmune

122. A GI Carcinoma is a: villous adenoma

123. Swollen lymph nodes in the Supraclavicular region? Gastric cancer

124. Adenosine deaminase deficiency: SCID

125. What will cause a pulmonary embolism? I put Thrombosis dvt

126. What inervates the HARD palate ? Greater palatine nerve

127. Innervation of lung? Vagus and T2-T4

128. Which one is likely to cause Cervical cancer? I put papilloma virus

(there was no HPV 16 and 18 choice for me)

129. What will retrude mandible? Posterior fibers of temporalis

130. Sphenomandibular Origin and Insertion? They ask for both

131. The attachment in the Oral Mucosa is from the:

a. Reduced enamel epithelium

b. Junctional epithelium

c. Stratum intermeidum

d. I forgot other choices. I put junctional

132. Secretion of saliva?

Choices

a. IgE

b. IgG

c. IgA

d. Secretory IgA

133. Nitorgen sources in UREA? They asked this question twice with different choices

each time. Arginine(ammonia?) and aspartate. Then Carbamoyl phosphate and

asparate

134. Shrinks the nucleus? Pyknosis

135. Centric relation----- ligament guided

136. Sensory for the anterior 2/3 of tongue? Mandibular N. (LINGUAL NERVE)

137. Patient had severe clenching which muscle? Masseter

138. Origin of the PDL? Dental Sac (alveolar bone, cementum )

139. Antibiotic resistance in bcateria can be transferred by?

The choice was different than what we usually see. I put using a F-plasmid.

Because it had to do with conjugation

140. Alveolar crest is 1-2mm below CEJ

141. Which one is NOT in organelle? Lipid droplet

142. During a Panoramic which one is blocking the Condyle? I put zygomatic?

Choices were:

a. Zygomatic

b. Maxillary tuberosisty

c. Others choicies didn’t make sense

143. The PCR for polymerase chain reaction, you must choose EXCEPT. Choices were

very odd. (denaturation, annealing and extension )

a. Denaturation and annealing

b. Dna polymerase

c. Extension

d. I forgot

e. I forgot

I ended up choosing the one that had nothing to do with it, it turned out to be obvious

after I took a few breaths. And just relaxed for awhile.

144. Which will not happen in diabetic patient? Splenomegaly.

145. N-glycosylation? Endoplasmic reticulum (ROUGHT ER)

146. Motion in small intestines? segmentatin

147. Which is NOT an Autoimmune disease? Erythroblastosis fetalis (ABO

compatibility)

148. Eight Molar Urea Breaks?

a. Disulfide bonds

b. Hydrophobic bonds

c. Peptide bonds

I put Disulfide

149. Spinal tap is performed on the: L3 and L4

150. Bowmans capsule is lined by: podocytes

151. Patient with Congestion is secondary to?

a. Cor pulonale

b. Right ventricular hypertrophy

c. Hypertension

d. Left ventricular hypertrophy

152. Breast cancer sign except? It was the calcimotry

153. Rheumatoid arthritis will affect? Synovia

154. Something about Cardiac muscle: choices were Influx calcium, release of

calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum.

155. Found on the Angle of the mandible? Actiomyces

156.

For Dental anatomy:

1. Pulp chambers Shapes

2. Proximal outlines for teeth

3. Facial outlines

4. When viewed from the FRONTAL PLANE, the Mandibular first molar is?

a. Medial

b. Lingual

c. Buccal

d. Distal

(mine did not say Anterior, it said FRONTAL)

5. Occlusion. Most of it were cusps will go where? So make sure to understand

that. They will say ML cusp of tooth #19, during a Right Lateral

movement/left lateral movement. Will occlude

Choices will be something like: A. tooth # 13, #14, #4, #6, they will also

confuse you by saying the Left lateral 1s maxillary molar will occlude where?

And then will give you tooth numbers. I highly recommend watching the

Occlusion videos: Draw eruption chart, draw, picket fence

6. Know the months and weeks. Paltal fusion, closure of the skull, mandible,

condyle forms: palatal 12 weeks, TMJ 12 weeks and completion 14 weeks

7. Quite a few TMJ. Know origin and insertion of the ligaments.

8. Basic morphology(Watch 300 DA facts, I watched it before I went to sleep,

then watched while cooking breakfast, that guys voice was stuck in my head

when seeing the questions)

9. There were quetiosn about Group function not recognized in the RQs

10. Also there were questions about Non-working interference not from RQs as

well.

11. Tallest Cusp on the Mandibular First Molar—Mandibular ML (MB is the

largest)

12. Know grooves of H type, Y type, mand 2nd premolar

13. Know grooves of maxillary first molar, where they pass. What they touch.

Lingual developmental groove join distal oblique groove, goes between mesial

lingual and distolingual cusp and travels cervically. Transverse groove of the

oblique ridge, it crosses the oblique ridge. Fifth cusp groove. Between the fifth

cusp and the mesiolingual cusp

1. Buccal groove 2. Central groove 3. Distal oblique groove 4 transverse

groove of the oblique ridge 5. Lingual groove

1-Most likely anterior tooth with 2 root canals? -------lower LATERAL 2- how we can see the mesial surface of mandibular canine?----- straight, parelle to long axis, mesial surface of crown 3-maxillary canine has how many lingual fossa?----24- between 1 mx pm and 2nd mx pm what it is the most difference in crown? 1 mx pm—mesial cusp ridge is longer than distal cusp ridge, cusp is offset to the distal, 5-the crown of temporary teeth are difference from permanent teeth in what? MD wider, shorter Incisal gingival dimension, 6- the lingual cusp of 1st mx premolar is? Mesial tilt7-premolar with almost same high of cups?  Maxillary 2 nd premolar (ovoid and symmetrical)8-eruption of temporary maxillar teeth? abdce9-most common tooth to be trifurcated? Max 1 premolar10-how many roots and canal will you find in first mandibular molar? 2 root 3 or 4 canals 11-how many roots and canal will you find in maxillary molar?  3 roots 3 or 4 canals 12- if the maxillary 1st molar has another extra canal where is found? MB 13-which one is the cusp more little in mandibular fisrt molar? -----distal cusp 14- how many pulp horns gonna have the temporaly first molar? 415-which one is the tallest cusp in primary first mandibular molar? ----- ML 16-a what tooth replace 2nd maxillary premolar? ------ primary 2 molar replaced by permanent 2 pm 17- the distal contact of mx lateral incisor is where?----- middle third 18- high contour of maxillary molar is located where?------- facial is cervical third and lingual is middle third 19-the tooth with major inclination faciolingualy is?-------- maxillary Central

incisor 20- MB root of 1st maxillary molar is innervated by? ------ MSA21- anterior tooth least likely to have divided canal?----- max central incisor

RQS Katrina Dezkun on 12/12/20171-Superior orbital fissure form? lesser and greater wings of sphenoid bone2-Secretin produced by? S cell of deduonum3-Zona fasciculata - what hormone? cortisol from Adrenal Cortex 4-Anterior part of the curve of Spee? (options: concave, straight, flat, convex)5-Fracture of temporal and parietal bone - what artery injured? middle meningeal artery6-Gonadotropic hormone action?. Prolonged activation of GnRH receptors by GnRH leads to desensitization and consequently to suppressed gonadotrophin secretion. This is the primary mechanism of action of agonistic GnRH analogues.7-Posterior part palatine innervation? maxillary nerve through ptrygoplataine ganglion via greater and lesser palatine8-Anesthesia for max.2 molar? PSA9-What lingual cusp is smallest? mandibular 1st premolar10-A function of 1-st mand. premolar like what another tooth? Lingual cusp of mand 1 pm works like canine11-How many roots has PRIMARY 1-st maxillary molar? 3 roots12-Glucagon and epinephrin what do? Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis 13-What are telomeres? Telomeres are the caps at the end of each strand of DNA that protect our chromosomes, like the plastic tips at the end of shoelaces.14-Rheumatism – (inflammation of joint )what is heart injury? heart valve damage; mitral valve 15-Tooth with three cusps? mandibular second premolar16-What is the shortest root in maxillary 1-st molar? DB root17-ADH is absent what gonna be? Diabites inspidues18-Injection cause face paralysis - what happened? injection in parotid gland 19-Pain from a half of lower lip and oral mucosa at this side –

20-what nerve translate the pain? mental nerve21-What nerve taste fibers carry lingual nerve? chorda tympani22-Circulatory blood flow vs lungs blood flow?  Same Pulmonary circulation moves blood between the heart and the lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood then flows back to the heart.23-Paralysis below zygoma - what neurons? UMN (contralateral side of lower face)What innervated vagus? (options: transverse, descending, ascending colon) ascending colon and 2/3 transverse colon 24-Lung innervation? Receives afferent and efferent (parasympathetic preganglionic) fibers from the vagus nerve, joined by branches (sympathetic postganglionic fibers) from the sympathetic trunk and cardiac plexus.; para by vagus, sympathetic by T2-T425-Three visceral branches of abdominal aorta? anterior visceral branches (coeliac, SMA, IMA), 3 paired lateral visceral branches (suprarenal, renal, gonadal), 5 paired lateral abdominal wall branches (inferior phrenic and four lumbar), and 3 terminal branches (two common iliacs and the median sacral).26-Relation of aortic rigidity and pressure? Aortic compliance----- more rigidity more pressure and less compliance27-Collateral ligaments? medial and lateral pole of discal ligaments28-What ligament*(muscle) inserts to coronoid process? latereral ligament(temporalis)29-Hepatitis C - what is in the biopsy? ------ 30-Outer membrane of hepatitis B?----- outer membrane : host cell membrane/surface antigen embedded in envelop are glycoproteins; inner membrane is core antigen 31-Left canine guides during lateral moving - where is LEFT condyle l(movement position)? Translation…. Left condyle is working side so it will go downward, forward and laterally 32-What ligaments keep condyle in this position?33-stretch reflex?The stretch reflex (myotatic reflex) is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscle. It is a monosynaptic reflex which provides automatic regulation of skeletal muscle length. When a muscle

lengthens, the muscle spindle is stretched and its nerve activity increases.34-Pupillary reflex?The pupillary light reflex (PLR) or photopupillary reflex is a reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil, in response to the intensity (luminance) of light that falls on the retinal ganglion cells of the retina in the back of the eye, thereby assisting in adaptation to various levels of lightness/darkness.35-Where are macrophages in TMJ ( synovial membrane, synovial capsule??)36-Pain from TMJ? Sensory innervation of the temporomandibular joint is derived from the auriculotemporal and masseteric branches of V3 or mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve37-What layer is not found in keratinized epithelium? stratum lucidium38-What virus is not latent from: HPV, Papillomavirus, Herpes Zoster, Rhinovirus? Rhinovirus39-After brain thrombosis what is the evidence occurs in the brain? stoke or cerebralvascular accident(CVA)40-Falx cerebri is the part of what?a small sickle shaped fold of dura mater, projecting forwards into the posterior cerebellar notch as well as projecting into the vallecula of the cerebellum between the two cerebellar hemispheres41Balance - what part of brain? cerebullum42-At the ten week fetus - what is absent? TMJ43-Maxillary sinus perforation? an oral-antral fistula—a continuous opening between the sinus and the mouth. Oral-antral fistulas can result in sinus infections as well as fluid drainage from the mouth to the nose.44-Mesial, distal concavity - what teeth? maxillary first molar Mesial and distal surfaces have concavities extending from the furcation toward the cervical line from proximal aspect BUT if they ask about many teeth are mandibular premolars and maxillary second preomlars

Maram Najmeldin Zine RQs 1. Fibrinogen and prothrombin synthesis where?

LIVER2. Peptic ulcer with chronic bleeding develop to? A. Hypovolemic shock B.

Iron deficiency anemia 3. Indication for peptic ulcers? blood in stool 4. Antibiotic use

to S. mutans work in all futures expected???my Answer was

lipopolyschraide(gram(-).But not sure if am Right or not 5. Lot of questions about

Immunity(it was hard) 6. Insert in hyoglossus muscle? 7. 3 sequels of penicillin

Action?? The option was A 8. lot lot lot lot questions in parimary tooth And PM (as

compared between 1 and 2 , lower and upper) plz read very well because it was very

difficult part in my exam 9. Some Q about waxed up post teeth???I can't remember Q

and Answer 10.Long latent phase hormones 11.Long action hormones 12.Gamma

fiber 13.Velocity =load 14.Systemic fungi 15.Proximal aspect of Mandibular 1st and

2nd premolars =rhomboidal 16.lingual aspect of Maxillary 1st and 2nd premolars (tip

of cusp) A. Both mesially B. Both distally C. First mesially and second distally D.

First distally and second mesially (this question repeated in 3 different ways)

17.Causes of metastatic calcification? Increase ca 18.Parotid gland and pancreas

=serous 19.Common type of lung cancer in USA?? SSC (Adenocarcinoma not in

option) 20.Not indication for breast cancer = breast feeding? 21.Drug for viruses how

it's work? Testlets: 1. Osteosarcoma? 2. Osteoporosis? Microscopic features of

osteoporosis-2Q

Mane Galarraga’s RQs 1) Action of the pili in microorganism’s pathogenecity. 2)

Dextrans for polymers 3) Lipid A with polysaccharide cores in which organism? 4)

Riketsia provazeki: thymus 5) Myasthenia Gravis: thymoma 6) Clostridium all except

7) Clostridium tetani: inhibitory neurotransmitter 8) Paramyxo rubella + measles 9)

Hepatic failure due to (common cause) 10) MOA: fluorouracil 11) MOA: rifampicin

12) Intracellular element of glucagon 13) In which organ more squamous epithelial

metaplasia seen? 14) Substrate of thrombin 15) Haptens? 16) Amino acid associated

with Umami. Glutamate 17) Apoptosis 18) Hydroxylation of proline? Vit C 19) What

is not in periosteum? 20) Difficult to move thumb due to which nerve? Median N 21)

Esophagus begins where? C6 OR CRICO CART 22) Meisseiner’s corpuscle

responsible for? Fine touch 23) Granulas stained keratohyalin 24) IgA: Saliva 25)

Muscles that produce voice. 26) Alcoholic: Mallory bodies 27) Most frequent form of

varicosities. Sup. Vein leg 28) Secreting endometrium: Luteal phase 29) Which is not

found in seminiferous tubules? 30) Ligamentum teres = umbilical vein 31) Inferior

parathyroid = 3rd pouch 32) Origin of pons and medulla = Rhombencephalon 33) A

man of 40 years with increased level of acid phosphatase: prostatic cancer 34) How

do you diagnose cystic fibrosis: Cl and Na 35) Tay sachs disease 36) Most common

cause of infract brain 37) Diabetes insipidus? 38) GI cancer = villous adenoma 39)

Most common type of anemia: iron 40) Type of necrosis? 41) Crypts of Lieberkuhn

where are? 42) Movement of small intestine for mixing food(or something like that I

can’t remember) 43) What is not absorbed in Jejunum? 44) Where are centroacinar

cells? 45) Which is innervated by vagus nerve? 46) How start cardiac muscle

contraction? 47) Which hormone is not a glycoprotein? 48) Where is safe lumbar

puncture? 49) Which method is better to combine with heat sterilization? 50) How is

the process for DNA finger printing? 51) 4 years old boy with fracture teeth, how

much you want to complete RCT? 52) How are crowns of primary teeth compares

with permanent? 53) Primary maxillary 1st molar and mandibular 1st molar?

Prominent cervical ridge. 54) Which posterior teeth is most likely to be missing? 55)

In a Y shaped premolar how is the order of the cusps from larger to smaller? 56)

Patient with stains on PM, canines and 2nd molars but anterior teeth were spared,

when was received tetracycline? 57) Purulent discharge after extraction, which

microorganism? 58) Where are phagocytes in TMJ? 59) On articulator, altering

horizontal condylar guidance affect all except? 60) When swallowing teeth should be?

61) Space between teeth in rest position? 62) Which muscles depress mandible?

(Name all) 63) Which muscle retrude mandible? 64) Which PDL fibers are more

abundant? 65) How to manage a patient with TB that is taking Rifampicin for 6

months but he is till +ve, he needs dental treatment, what do you do? HOSPITAL

ISOLATION 66) In an Inferior Alveolar Nerve block facial paralysis due to? 67) First

case Tangy 68) Second case Tangy 69) Like 4 case more that I can’t remember 70)

Case 7 Tangy 71) Case 6 weeks pregnant lady from Tangy 72) Case # 25 from Tangy

73) Case # 29 from Tangy

Yulieth RQs1. What kind of epithelium have trachea? Ciliated Pseudostratif

epithelium2. Bronchi and bronchiole obstruction with mucus…copd?3. Sjogren disease from what organ? Liver ,kidney, pituitary (group

said mostly kidney,,,?)

4. Subclavian lymphatic node as cancer manifestation of? Breast cancer , larynx cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer

5. Intracellular bacteria with spore ( bacteria with spore is clostridium and bacilli) group says anthrax bacilli

6. Third molar extractions the said which sides and we most put the teeth number

7. Megaloblastic anemia (b12, folate def)8. Liver failure mostly due to cirrhosis9. Alzheimer’s disease cause – dementia, above 50y, neurofibrillary

tangles, plaque10.Primary teeth eruption sequence. abdce11.Sulfonamide MOA acts on both pyrimidine and purine, blocks

PABA12.Glucagon transporter… glut 2? 13.Athlete’s foot from which fungus tinea pedis14.After ultrasonic cleaning? Bacteremia , septicemia and they give

other 2 options id go with bacteremia15.Safe way to sterilize burs.. GROUP SAYS DRY HEAT?16.Class III cross bite contact which teeth17.Nutrition of TMJ, synovial fluid18.Periodontal disease- IgG19.Component of TMJ involved in transitional movements, upper

translation lower rotaion20.Two contact parts of condyle anterpsuperior21.Lingual nerve is located? Medial anterior to the inferior alveolar

nevr , lateral posterior22.Which nerve for posterior taste buds, cn923.Prevents excessive protrusion , stylomandibular24.Chickenpox converts in HZV

Testlets:1) Cambodian girl2) Trigeminal neuralgia3) Parkinson

4) Hypertension

Sally Esam’s RQS 1. Embryonic origin of hepatocyte (endoderm) and PDL( from the

dental sac) 2. Bronchi and bronchiole obstruction with mucus 3. Cellular cementum

contents 4. Umbilical vein after birth it is ligamentum teres 5. Intracellular bacteria

with spore anthrax 6. C. tetani which structure not within it 7. A woman with 98%

lymphocytes 8. A baby with no thymus which disease, it should be di George, if they

said lack of thymic shadown and no lymph nodes then go with scid 9. Adenosine

deaminase deficiency, SCID 10.Fluorouracil MOA, SUICIDE INHIBITOR OF

THYMDILATE SYNTHETASE 11.Sulfonamide MOA 12.Glucagon transporter

13.Glycolysis activator 14.Nitrous oxide activity 15.GFR determined by what

INULIN16.Oxidative decarboxylation enzyme PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE

17.Influenza and N. meningitidis antigenic activity BOTH CAPULATED

18.Facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion different thing , FACILITATED

EXHIBITS SATURATION KINETICS19.Varicosities which vein , SUPERFICAL

VEINS Testlets: 1) Cambodian girl 2) Pregnant woman with bleeding gum 3) Snake

bite boy 4) A dead woman with leiomyoma 5) A man with hypertension 6) Father

died from heart condition

Nbde Preparation’s RQs

1) Organism with peptide capsule -- ANTHRAX

2) Dextran linkage ALPHS 1,6 WITH SOME ALPHA 1,3

3) Types of agar used for fungi SUBOUARAD HOWEVER U SPELL IT

4) Arteries of stroke MIDDLE MEN ARTERY , LENTICULATE ARTERY

5) Aflatixin produced by ASPERGILLUS, FOUND IN PEANUTS

6) MOA of Viagra( please read everything about this since options are tricky)

INHIBITS PDE5, PDE5 IS AN ENZYME WHICH BREAKS DOWN CGMP, WE

NEED CGMP WE DON’T WANT IT TO BE BROKEN DOWN( GTPS BECOMES

GMP AND CAUSES LESS CA TO ENTER SO RELAXES AND MORE BLOOD

FLOW) IF ITSBROKEN DOWN, LESS BLOOD FLOW. SO VIAGRA BLOCKS

THE ENZYME THAT BREAKS THE GMP DOWN WHIH=ICH IS PDE5

nitric oxide stimulates guanlyl cyclase to convert gtp tp cgmp, which then decreases

ca stores so relaxtion

7) Latent virus POLIO AND RHINO

8) Cellular immunity is important for ..?

9) Anti -A and anti-B agglutinates with BLOOD TYPE AB

10) Organism not present in plague

11) Bonds between glycoproteins GLYCOSIDIC

12) Questions about the maxillary first molar roots and orifices

13) Some dental anatomy questions about picket fence but not many just 4-5

thankfully

14) Bacillary dysentery , SHIGELLA AND ECOLI BU MOSTLY SHIGELLA

15) Common between pancreas and salivary glands (they did not have intercalated in

options and as far as I can remember the only logical answer was “serous” so I picket

that

16) Decrease in insulin will cause MORE GLUCOSE IN BLOOD?

17) Vital capacity is equal to TV +IRV+ERV

18) What is not true about glucokinase and hexokinase ans was( same km)

19) IL-1 produced by ACTIVATED MACRO ALONG WITH TNF

20) Epithelium of trachea PSEUDP STATF CILIATES COLUMNAR

21) Epithelium of salivary gland STRATFIES COLUMNAR

22) If patient has diabetes what 3 things to be controlled TTAL CALORIES, CARBS,

PROTEIN

23) Charge of glutamic acid =+1

24) Most superior part of larynx EPIGLOTTIS

25) Triglycerides carried by CHYLOMICRONS

26) PAH is for RENAL PLASMA FLOW

27) Main movement for small intestine SEGENTATIO

28) Which muscles will depress/opening of the mandible INFRAHYOIDS AND

SUPREHYOIDS

29) Nutrition for TMJ provided from SYNOVIAL FLUID

30) What will eject milk EJECT WILL BE OXYTOCIN PRODUCE IS PROLACTIN

31) Periodontal disease will show elevated levels of IGG

32) DEJ formed at which stage BELL

33) Parkinsons affects which area SUBSTANTIA NIGRA IN MIDBRAIN

34) Boundaries of carotid triangle SCM, POS BELLY OF DIGAST OMOHYOID

35) Sympathetic stimulation causes saliva to be MUCOS

36) DNA synthesis occurs in which phase S PHASE

37) Some questions about acidosis and alkalosis

38) Features of breast cancer BARCA1 BARCA2, INCREASES WITH EARLY

MENARCHE, GENETIC FACTORS, PEU DEORANGE,

39) Characteristic of benign cancer WELL DIFFERENTIATED, CAPSULATED,

NO METASIATSIS.

40) Tertiary structure stabilized by CYSTEINE

41) Aminoglycosides MOA 30S

42) Best method for DNA transfer CONJUGATOION

43) Infection from maxillary molars spreads to I say maxillary sinus group says

infratemporal fossa

44) Infection from maxillary sinus spreads to ethlmoids

45) Mandibular premolar has function similar to man canine

46) TMJ of a 3 year old fibro

47) Ligament attached to lingula sphenomandibular

48) Xenograft – from pig to human

49) Replacing aorta of dog by rigid tube will cause increase syst and dec ciastole

50) Parkinson’s and Alzimers have in common dementia

51) Which foramens are in sphenoid rotandum ovale and spinosum

52) Anterior of wrist has which nerve in the midline

53) To approach the submandibular gland we have to cut through mucus membrane

54) Not essential for life adrenal med

55) External acoustic meatus is formed by 1st cleft

56) What passes between superior and middle constrictor of pharnx stlopharyngeus

and cn 9

57) Excessive ACTH will cause cushing

58) Which will not show positive TB test, positive it means infected, past or bcg

vaccinated not leprae

59) All structure pass between hyoglossus and mylohyoid except lingual artery which

passes medial or deep to hyoglossus

60) In class 3 crossbite while retruding the max lateral will contact max lateral and

canine?

61) Which disease spreads from person to person

62) Increasing the condylar guidance will cause higher post cusps

63) Saliva and tears have in common I think lysozyme? Secretory iga?

64) Derivatives of ectoderm

65) Questions about hepatitis c

66) Restriction endonucleases, used in dna fingerprinting? Not sure?

67) What passes through parotid except FEAR facial nerve excternal carotid,

auriculotemporal and retromand pass, facical artery doesnt

68) Common for all gram negative bacteria LPS

69) Scarlet fever caused by ERTHYROGENIC TOXIN ALSO KNOWN AS

PYOGENINC EXOTOXIN

70) Inactivated vaccine DPT

71) Receptor for insulin TYROSINE KINASE

72) Action of protein kinase

73) Patient has increase in acid phosphatase and PSA PROSTATE CANCER

74) All in ectoderm except

75) Not present in jugular foramen JUG FORAMEN CARRIES 9, 10, 11, IJV

76) Most common lung cancer ADENOCACINOMAAAAAA

77) Questions about herpes zoster TWO TYPES HSV1, MOSTLY ON FACE,

CAUSES GINGIVOSTAOMATITIS, RECCURENT ENCEPHALITIS,HERPES

LABIALIS KERATOCONJUCTIVITIS, HSV2 AFFECTS GENEITALS,

NEONATAL ENCEPHALITIS. ASEPTOC MENINGITIS. HERPES GENITALIS

78) Mottled teeth present in

79) MOA of flouracil BLA BLA ABOVE MENTIONED

80) Cytochrome p450

81) What is not required in clotting CA NEEDED

82) Sharp pain fibers A DELTA

83) Some questions of mutually protected occlusion

84) Substrate for dextran SUCROSE

85) Which tooth has greatest axial inclination MAX CENTRAL

86) Major artery supplying the palate GREATER PALATINE

87) Question about hepatic portal drainage SO SINUSOIDS TO CENTRAL VEIN

TO IVC

88) Reticular cells are present in

89) Sharp shooting pain occurs in ( trigeminal neuralgia)

90) Questions about CENTRIC RELATION MOST ANTERIOR SUPERIOR

91) Vitamin with nuclear receptor VIT D

92) Neurotransmitter for dental pain SUBSTANC P

93) Some questions about COPD AND ASTHMA BOTH HAVE INCREASE

COMPLIANCE, BOTH OBSTRUCTVE DISORDERS, HIGH CO2 SO ACIDOSIS

94) Peptic ulcer TWO TYPES GASTRIC AND DUODENAL

DUODENAL MOSTLY DUE TO HY PYLORI AND GASTRIC DUE TO

ELDERLY MEN

95) Latent virus in saliva CMV AND EBV

96) Kopliks spots seen where MEASLES OR RUBEOLA

97) Urticaria is which type of sensitivity TYPE 1

98) What is not in cavernous sinus CN3,4,6,V1,V2

99) Which nerve supplies the third arch 9

100) Blood brain barrier has TIGHT JUNCTIONS

Aabbyy Aabbyy’s RQs (THERE IS A FILE ON THE GROUP SHARED BY

HALIDE THAT HAS ANSWERS) 1. Black urine 2. Epithelial lining of trachea 3.

Foramen of vertibral artry 4. GFR for what 5. Sequence of lower primary teeth 6. GI

bleeding cause? 7. Receptor of salt 8. Nucleic acid analogues? 9. Dental pain travel to

brain by?? Which lobe? Right or left 10.Ketogenic amino acid 11.Cyst lining by?

12.Lower buccal vestibule innervated by?? 13. Increase osteogenesis and

chondrogenisis is it A. Somatomedian B. Somatostatin C. Somatotrobin 14.Iron don't

needs in clot? 15.Muscle called second heart? 16.Branches of abdominal aorta please

read the question well he said choose 3 that's mean choose a.b.and c for example i

didn't do it 17. Target of PTH 18.Reta pegs from which embryo layer 19.TORCH

syndrome 20.What is the charge of glutamic acid in PH 1 21. How many pulp horn in

mandibular first molar new eruption 22.Tetracycline stain in premolar and canine ?

Age 23.Rifampin inhibit? DNA poymerase RNA polymerase Folic acid Nucleic acid

24.Reason for clicking in tmj 25.Preganglionic of otic ganglion 26.Activated of

phosphoenol pyruvate 27.Primary expsure of hsv 28.Thyroid hormone synthesis from

which amino acid 29.Different between papillary and reticular layer 30.Which pass

between middle and anterior scalen muscle 31.Disease can't breakdown of

sphingolibid 32. Main component of blasma membrane not phospholipids 33.Which

bond link monomeric units of nucluic acid? Carbonic bond Hydrogen bond

Phosphodister bond 34.What release il 1 and tnf 35.Different between asler node and

Janeway bond 36.White rami 37.Allostric inhibitor 38.Palatal salivary gland where?

And mucus or serious 39.Main or major of hormone for inhibit blood pressure

Angiotensin 1 Angiotensin 2 Renin Aldosterone 40.Coumadin in lab which increase

Bleeding time Pt Ptt 41.Gas gangarene organism has what kind of enzyme 42.Action

of Viagra Increase blood flow Smooth muscle relaxers Vasoconstriction Hypotension

43.Telomeres function 44.Reticular epithelial cells found in? 45.What is not found in

piriform recess 46.Portal vein carry blood from? Which organ 47.Hydrogen or

nitrogen i don't remember enter to krep cycle by? I don't remember tge quesion very

well 48.Read very well digastric muscle function it was really tricky question

49.Muscle insert into pterygoid hamulus and what innervated? 50.6 quesions about

ethics i couldn't remember 51.Infratrochlear branch from? 52.Foramen between atrial

heart in fetus ? 53.Reat very well cotact point i got a lot of questions but i couldn't

remember 54. Primary teeth erupt facially and? 55.Mandebular nerve which foramen

56.plasma osmolarity and related of adh ? 57.Fungi of reticuloepitlial tissue?

58.Howships lacuna 59.Myasthenia gravis defect where? 60.Ketonuria? 61.Vital

capacity 62.CAMP is? 63.Tertiary amino acid 64.Conn syndrome increase which

hormone? I did aldosterone 65.Median to hyoglossus

Jose Ramon RQs

1. My testlets were- the cambodian girl ( PPD except leprae, she doesn't understand so we call and interpreter)-the boy with the snake bite-the lady who was stabbed in the kidney, and was alcoholic- the guy with diabetes 1 who start doing workout

-case of guy with asthma(498, 499 and 500 Qs of S. joshi file)- the 6 weeks pregnant girl

2. Increase vertical overlap-higher cusp

3. DNA printing a) western b) north and three more restriction enzymesThe southern test wasn't an options

4. Time of root is complete( permanent max lat inc)a) in 5 years after eruptb) 11 years old( I choose this one)c) 3 years after mand lateral incisor eruptsd) 2 years after erupt

5. Protrusiona) inf head of lat pterigoid (pick this one)b) sup head of lat pterigoid stabilized disc

6. Free space, rest position, distancea) 0-1 mm (I picked this one) b) 2-4 mm ( it's this one)c) 5 mm

7. Visceral cavities cover bya) meso b) endo c) ectoI don't know

8. Branches of ECA- superficial temporal y maxillar

9. Innervation of the thumb- median

10.What innervates the middle of the upper lip?a) buccal b) Buccal of facialc) Infraorbital ( my choice)

11.Cells of PDL come from- dental sac

12.Too much clenching------- masseter13.Hydroxylation of prolyne------- Vit C14.Thrombin ------ fibrinogen15.Cholesterol metabolism---- HMG CoA reductase

16.Flouracil--- suicide, inhibitor of thymidylate synthase17.Latent virus except----- rhino18.Vital capacity--- IRV+ ERV+ TV19.Ephitelium of Bronchiole ( don't remember the options) there are

two bronchiol types. Terminal and Respiratory terminal has simple columnar and respiratory is simple cuboidalCLARA CELLS ARE NONCILIATED EPITHELIAL CELLS FOUND IN SMALL BRONCIOLES THAT SECRETE GAG

20.Main movement of small intestine--- segmentation21.Muscles depress mand--- suprahyod and infrahyoid both open

mouth22.Periodontal disease ---- Ig G23.Elevate larynx should be suprayhyoids

a) sternohyod b) omohyod c) sternothyroid and 2 more24.What is related with GI cancer

a) Villous adenoma ( I choose this one)b) duodenal ulcersc) internal hemorrhoids

25.Burning sensation pt wearing lower RPDenture- mental nerve

26.Sharpest incisal edge----- mand central inc MI27.Mamelons 18 years old--- maloclussion28. Aminoglycosides---- inhibit 30s29.TMJ 3 years old---- fibrocartilague30.TMJ newborn---- hyaline cartilage31.External acoustic meatus

a) 1st pharyngeal pouchb) 1st pharyngeal cleft -- I picked this

32.Hepatocellular carcinoma---- cirrhosis33.Increased PSA and acid phos---- prostate cancer34.Required for clotting--- Ca+35.Differences mand and max canines36.Space btween proximal contacts ----- col

37.Bowman---- podocytes VISCERAL, BUT PARIETAL ARE SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

38.Acid metab and acid resp----- Hyperkalemia39.Max 1st molar innervation---- PSA and MSA( MB)40. Smallest cusp max molars---- DL41.Mand 1st molar 5 pulp horn when erupts42.Differences bone and cartilague BONE APPOSITIONAL AND

CARTILAGE IS BOTH INTERSTITIAL AND PPOSITONALno blood vassels in cartilague wasn't an option

43.Sensory innervation to sub mandibular gland -- LINGUAL44.Levels of LSH, FSH, HCG, estrogen and progesterone before and

after pregnancy INCREASE HCG AND DECRASE LH AND FSH AFTE PREG

45.Cutting the infundibular stalk question46.Difference between transport using a carrier and passive one47. A grown cell and tissue start decreasing in a primitive form and

become more disorganizeda) Metaplasia b) Dysplasia c) Hypertrophy d) Hypoplasia

48. Peg shape ---- max lateral49.Mechanoreceptors on PDL varying in ---- threshold50. Fluorosis affect? select three options

-cartilage - PDL - enamel - dentin - long bones51. Y pattern--- mand 2nd PM52. Nitrogen sources in urea--- carbomyl and asparte53.Dental plaque other than bacterial acid enzyme--- NONBACTERIAL

COMP OF PLAQUE -food debris54. Permanent mand 1st molar erupts distal to primary mand 2nd

molar55. Mesial contact max canine----J56.Most common anemia----- iron deficience57.Primary mand and max 1st molar in common

prominent cervical line was the only thing that made sense to me58.Inclination of mand molars from a FRONTAL view

I picked lingual inclination-- AGREE

59.Beginning of calcification of premolarsa) 1 year b) 4 years c) 2 years ( this one)

60.Clicking sound of TMJa) articular eminence b) disc c) enlargment of ligamentnot sure hereI THIINK BECAUSE OF DISC DISPLACEMENT WITH REDCUTION

61.Pt with symptoms of increased calcification- Hyperparathyroidism

62.Heat sensitive instruments---- 2% ethylene oxide63.Abnormal relation btween crown and root--- dislaceration64.One bud two teeth--- gemination65.Glucose is secuestred by which enzyme---- hexoKuinase66.Anterior cerebral artery supplies---- MEDIAL PORTION OF frontal

and parietal lobes67.Not a function of capsule in bacteria

a) attach and penetrate b) protect bacteria c) mobilitysomething like that

68.Major component of PDL---- collagen TYPE 169.Inferior parathyroid from----3er pharyngeal pouch70.Iron is carried----- transferrrin71.Carotid body---- low O272.Carotid sinus---- lowERS pressure73.What not happen in diabetic pt--- splenomegaly74.Predominant cell in acute inflamation--- neutrophil75.Pt. with tetanus after thyroid surgery-- parathyroid was damaged76.Graves disease-- TSH decreased T3 and T4 increased77.Lateral shift of spine--- scoliosis78.Function of pilli---- attachment79.Cystic fibrosis--- Na and Cl increased80.Preganglionic nerve for otic ganglio-- lesser petrosal nerve81.Substance used to measure GFR--- Inulin82.What is not an autoinmune disease--- erythroblastosis fetaliS TYPE

2 HYPERSENSITVITY83.What protude hyod-- geniohyod

84.Which muscle retrude the mandibule- horizontal(posterior) fibers of temporalis

85.Parasympathetic stimulation of salivary gland- thin and serous saliva

86.Norepinephrine stored at thea)- pre para nerve endingsb)- post para nerve endc)- pre symp nerve endd)- post symp nerve end

87.Crescent shape------ mand 2nd PM88.Where can perform spinal tap---- L3-L489.Atherosclerosis ---- tunica intima of large arteries90.Found on mutation and cause improper metabolism

- oncogene91.What is not anterior to the aorta--- right kidney92.Which enzyme is specific for the liver(hepatocytes)

- glucokinase93.Sulfur granules---- actinomycetes94.Space between teeth with age----- larger95.I don’t remember the Q. is the one the answer is Fb

Very very very very important . ALMOST ASKED IN EVRY EXAM

HOW MANY GROOVES AND FISSURES IN 1) PRIMARY MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR2) PRIMARY MAXILLARY SECOND MOLAR3) PRIMARY MANDIBULAR FIRSY MOLAR4) PRIMARU MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLAR

PLEASE NAME THEM !!!

Hello recent RQSN CONFUSING ONES TOOPLZ LETS SOLVE

1. In which organ more squamous epithelial metaplasia seen?Bronchus or esophagusWhat is the answer, esophagus sees columnar metaplasia

2.Patient with stains on PM, canines and 2nd molars but anterior teeth were �spared, when was received tetracycline?A) 2yearsB) above 6 years3.3.Acetylcholenetrase inhibitor( treatmet for mysathenia gravis ) affect on heart beat and heart rate ? decreases heart rate as more ach available

4. Purulent discharge aftr extraction. Which microorganism ?A)staphylococcusB) actinomyces

5.effect of calctonin on serum phosphateA)increaseB) decrese FA PAGE 435C) no effect dental decks says no effectso choose what you like lol

6.2.On articulator altering horizontal guidance affect what? No idea

7. Which extrinsic muscle retract the tongueA) genioglossusB) hyoglossusC) styloglossus

1- My testlets were- the cambodian girl ( PPD except leprae, she doesn't understand so we call and interpreter)-the boy with the snake bite-the lady who was stabbed in the kidney, and was alcoholic- the guy with diabetes 1 who start doing workout-case of guy with asthma(498, 499 and 500 Qs of S. joshi file)- the 6 weeks pregnant girl

2- Increase vertical overlap-higher cusp

3- DNA printing a) western b) north and three moreThe southern test wasn't an options..group says restriction endonuclease

3- time of root is complete( permanent max lat inc)a) in 5 years after eruptb) 11 years old( I choose this one)c) 3 years after mand lateral incisor eruptsd) 2 years after erupt

4- Protrusiona) inf head of lat pterigoid (pick this one)b) sup head of lat pterigoid

5- Free space, rest position, distancea) 0-1 mm (I picked this one) b) 2-4 mm ( it's this one)c) 5 mm

6- Visceral cavities cover bya) meso b) endo c) ectoI don't know

7- Branches of ECA- superficial temporal y maxillar

8- Innervation of the thumb- median

9- What innervates the middle of the upper lip?a) buccal b) Buccal of facialc) Infraorbital ( my choice)

10- cells of PDL come from- dental sac

11- too much clenching------- masseter

12- hydroxilation of prolyne------- Vit C

13- thrombin------ fibrinogen

14- cholesterol metabolism---- HMG CoA reductase

15-Flouracil--- suicide, inhibitor of thymidylate synthase

16- latent virus except----- rhino

17- vital capacity--- IRV+ ERV+ TV

18- Ephitelium of Bronchiole ( don't remember the options)terminal is ciliated simple columnarrespiratory is ciliates simple cuboidal

19- Main movement of small intestine--- segmentation

20- Muscles depress mand--- suprahyod

21- Periodontal disease ---- Ig G

22- elevate larynxa) sternohyod b) omohyod c) sternothyroid and 2 more.. ,maybe thyrohyoid?

23-What is related with GI cancera) Villous adenoma ( I choose this one)b) duodenal ulcersc) internal hemorroids

24- burning sensation pt wearing lower RPDenture- mental nerve

25- sharpest incisal edge----- mand central inc

26- mamelons 18 years old--- maloclussion

27- Aminoglycosides---- inhibit 30s

28- TMJ 3 years old---- fibrocartilague

29- TMJ newborn---- hyaline cartilague

30- external acoustic meatusa) 1st pharingeal pouchb) 1st pharingeal cleft -- I picked this

31- hepatocellular carcinoma---- cirrhosis

32- Increased PSA and acid phos---- prostate cancer

33- required for clotting--- Ca+

34- differences mand and max canines

35- space btween proximal contacts ----- col

36- Bowman---- podocytes

37- acid metab and acid resp----- Hyperkalemia

38- max 1st molar innervation---- PSA and MSA( MB)

39- smallest cusp max molars---- DL

40- mand 1st molar 5 pulp horn when erupts

41- differences bone and cartilague.. bone appositional only while cartilage by both appositional and intertsitialno blood vassels in cartilague wasn't an option

42- sensorial innervation to sub mandibular gland – lingualI JUST REALISED THESE QUESTIONS ARE REPEATED ABOVE

43- levels of LSH, FSH, HCG, estrogen and progesterone before and after pregnancy

44- cutting the infundibulum stalk question

45- difference btween transport using a carrier and passive one

46- A grown cell and tissue start decreasing in a primitive form and become more disorganizeda) metaplasia b) displasia c) hypertrophia d) hypoplasia

47- peg shape ---- max lateral

48- mecano receptors on PDL varying in ---- threshold

49- flourosis affect? select three options-cartilague - PDL - enamel - dentin - long bones

50- Y pattern--- mand 2nd PM

51- nitrogen sources in urea--- carbomyl and asparte

52-dental plaque other than bacterial acid enzime--- food debris

53- permanent mand 1st molar erupts distal to primary mand 2nd molar

54- mesial contact max canine----J

55- most common anemia----- iron deficience

56- primary mand and max 1st molar in commonprominent cervical line was the only thing that made sense to me

57- inclination of mand molars from a FRONTAL viewI picked lingual inclination

58- begining of calcification of premolarsa) 1 year b) 4 years c) 2 years ( this one)

59- clicking sound of TMJa) articular eminence b) disc c) enlargment of ligamentnot sure here

60- Pt with symptoms of increased calcification- Hyperparathyroidism

61- heat sensitive instruments---- 2% ethylene oxide

62- abnormal relation btween crown and root--- dislaceration

63- one bud two teeth--- gemination

64- glucose is secuestred by which enzyme---- hexoquinase

65- anterior cerebral artery supplies---- frontal and parietal lobes

66- not a function of capsule in bacteriaa) attach and penetrate b) protect bacteria c) mobilitysomething like that

67- major component of PDL---- collagen

68- inferior parathyroid from----3er pharyngeal pouch

69- iron is carried----- transferrrin

70- carotid body---- low O2

71-- carotid sinus---- low pressure

73- what not happen in diabetic pt--- splenomegaly

74- predominant cell in acute inflamation--- neutrophil

75- pt with tetanus after thyroid surgery-- parathyroid was damaged

76- gravis disease-- TSH decreased T3 and T4 increased

77- lateral shift of spine--- scoliosis

78- function of pilli---- attachment

79- cystuc fibrosis--- Na and Cl increased

80- preganglionic nerve for otic ganglio-- lesser petrosal nerve

81- substance used to measure GFR--- Inulin

82- What is not an autoinmune disease--- erythroblastosis fetalis

83- what protude hyod-- geniohyod

84- which muscle retrude the mandibule- horizontal(posterior) fibers of temporalis

85- parasympathetic stimulation of salivary gland- thin and serous saliva

86- norepinephrine stored at thea)- pre para nerve endingsb)- post para nerve endc)- pre symp nerve endd)- post symp nerve end

87- crescent shape------ mand 2nd PM

where can perform spinal tap---- L3-L4

88- atherosclerosis---- tunica intima of large arteries

89-found on mutation and cause improper metabolism- oncogene

90- what is not anterior to the aorta--- right kidney

91- which enzyme is specific for the liver(hepatocytes)- glucokinase

92- sulfur granules---- actinomycetes

93- space btween teeth with age----- larger

1. Hepatic failure due to :

2. Macrophages function: does phagocytosis and antigen represtng cell, secretes il1 and tnf allpha

3. Infundibular stalk cut which hormone ceased…. ADH AND PROLACTIN4. What would not elevate Larynx? INFRAHYOIDS EXCEPT STERNOTHYROID5. Mamelon in 17 year old result of? MALOCCLUSION6. All is used to identify a dead body except? 7. What would you expect in a Graves disease?  Elevates t3,t3 low tsh, exopthalmus8. Spinal cord is the only organ needed in? spinal reflex?9. Squamous epithelium metaplasia, seen where?  bronchi10. Hyoid body is from ?  2 and 3 arch FA SAYS MOSTLY 311. N for urea cycle ( they ask me this twice) ammonia and aspartate12. Cancer in genital of woman produced by which virus  HUMAN PAPILOMA VIRUS, HPV 16 AND 1813. PDL from where---- dental sac(follicle)14. Which is not from neural crest 15. Organ for sympathetic 16. Lung innervation—Parasympathetic: vagus nerve; Sympathetic: T2-T417 lower neuron motor : ventral18 RA first signs : Pain and tenderness is the first sign followed by stiffness, swelling19 congestive passive lung due to : passive congestion is passive hyperamia which is because of increase blood due to dilation of small vessels/ chronic left heart failure I KNOW ITS DUE TO LEFT SIDED HEART FAILURERIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE CAUSES HEPATIC CONGESTIONPassive hyperemia (congestion), also termed stasis, is a consequence of an impaired venous drainage (heart failure, compression or obstruction of veins),

followed by dilatation of venules and capillaries. Etiology of passive congestion of the lung : chronic left heart (ventricular) failure20. Thumb finger innervated by:--median nerve 25 macrophages in TMJ—synovial membrane26. Some question about during fasting where do you get ... liver glycogen Muscle glycogen ??27. Fungus that doesn’t cause damage primary in mucosa or skin-- systemic fungus? ???? I don’t know28. Piknosis – shrinkage of cell 29. RBC in hypotonic solution—swell and hymolysis30. Growth of bone in scar----- Metaplasia dystrophic calcificationcalcium ion level in serum is normal31. Fluoracil ---thymidilate synthase32. Sulffonamide---- inhibit folic acid synthesis by competing with PABA33. 8 molar urea—disulphide bond ? I DON’T KNOW THIS HAS BEEN DISCUSSED 100 TIMES ILL GO WITH HYDROPHOBIC34. Iron transport—transferrin 35. Adenosine deaminase deficiency?-- SCID 36. Cause of varices esophagus---portal hypertension 37. Tertiary structure of protein—cysteine 38. Col –depression between lingual and facial interdental papilla 39. 1st cells to appear in acute infection? Neutrophil 40. how to measure nitrous oxide inhalation? RSV 41. epithelial lining from ventral to dorsal surface of tongue due to?==surgery42. which movement is least affected when you alter horizontal condylar guidance?  INTERCNDYLAR DISTANCE?43. Lumbar puncture?  L3 L444. centroacinar cells? Cells in exocrine Pancrease and produce HCO345. disease of destruction bronchi and bronchiole with mucus?  Chronic bronchitis and asthma?46. Adenosine nucleoside crosses mitochondria how? ATP/ADP translocase47. What makes Cerebellum + pons? Rhombencephalon consist of myelencephalon and metencephalon 48. found blood in one of nasal fossa? epitaxis

49 Very prominent triangular ridge? Mand 1 st premolar 50. Crescent shape central developmental groove? Mand 2nd premolar (U type)

SADAF KAMAKR RQs dec/2017

1. most numerouse papillae in anterior 2/3 of tongue? Filiform

a.filiporm b.fungiform c.circumvalate

2.know exactly about fluorosis, which different part of body. bind to what structure?

mechanism of action? 3 to 4 questions

A developmental disturbance of dental enamel; caused by excessive exposure to high

concentration of fluoride; teeth become rough with brown/ yellow patches on their

surface.

3.combodien girl testlet

4. pregnant woman with roseace testlet

5. increased pressure in cerebrospinal fluid in brain? Hernia

a.pertusion b.percussion c.hernia d.hematoma

6.infection of tooth #3 in buccal vestibule where to go? Submandibular space

a.submandibule space b.parapharengeal space c.submasseteric space 

“ In our study, the most commonly involved fascial

space spread of odontogenic infections extended in buccal

spaces followed by submandibular, masticator, parapharyngeal,

and sublingual spaces. This is in agreement with previous

studies.”

7.testlet about young boy dead because of snakebites on fore arm . which bone is

involve. estimate the old according to teeth. and so on 

-what kind of immunity for new born immune to whopping caugh? NATURAL PASSIVE

8.bacteria cause superficial skin infection? Staphylococcus aureus

9.testlet about edentolous patient complaining of burning in buccal vestibule , which

nurve and what type of epitheium and so on 

10. testlet about patient with high blood pressure need to extract tooth # 15 and 16 ,

complication . consideration ,

11. first cell in infection ( 3 times in different way ask this one) neutrophils (Inflammation and infection )12.active phosphoenol pirovate carboxykinase? BRAIN LIVER (enzyme involved in gluconeogenesis) I DISAGREE GLUCONEOGENESIS OCCURS IN LIVER AND TO SOME EXTENT THE KIDNEYa.muscle b.brain c.liver 13.protein associated with cross bridge cycline in smooth muscle…? CALMODULIN?14. y carboxy glutamate in blood clothing.. VIT K?15. tooth with crescent shape central fossa—mandibular 2 premolar (U shape)16. which grooves form the y figure in second premolar (2CENTRAL AND 1 lingual groove )17. cusps size from biggest to smallest in y shape second premolar? (B>ML>DL)18. SCID which enzyme deficiency?---- adenosine deamineases 19.difference between central and lateral incisors in mandible? Central is symmetrical, lateral Incisor tilt to distal; and lateral is bigger, has a round edge in DF 20.difference between maxillary and mandibular canine? Maxillary canine: well formed cingulum, pronounced labial ridge, marginal ridge, lingual fossa, the greatest length overall and greatest root length; mandibular canine has the greatest crown length

21.where can you find most osmolarity in renal system? Descending loop of henle

a.ascending loop of henle b.pct c.dct

22. vagus innervation? Ascending colon and 2/3 transverse colon

a,acsending b.rectus c.descending

23. autosomal dominant disease? Gardner’s syndrome

24.posterior to abdominal aorta? right kidney was one of the optoins

25. tertiary structure ... ? cystein

26.2 question about supporting cusp and guiding cusp

27.the most anterior superior condyle position? CR 

28.WHICH TOOTH HAS MOST PROMINENT transvere ridge? Mand first premolar

29.cusp participate in transverse and oblique ridge? Ml of maxillary

30. tallest cusp of primary mandibular first molar? ML

31. tooth crown similar to premolar , root similar to molar? Maxillary first molar PRIMARY

32.root usually has 2 canal ? mesial of mandibular molar

33.midroot cross section of mandibular central incisor?--- ovoid

34.please know about canine protection in laterotrusive and mediotrusive movement , 3 or

4 questions ask which part (mesial or distal) of maxillary canine had contact with which part

( masial or distal) of mandibular canine

35 non bacterial component of dental plaque? a,dextran b.food debris b?

36.visceral layer of glomerular? podocyte

37.epithelium of conductive respiratory ? psuedostratifed ciliated columnar (Alveoli

respiratory conductive—simple cuboidal )

38. thymoma related to which disease? Gravis myasthenia

39.safe to tap spinal? L3 L4

41. testlet about ecchymosis around superior orbital area ... which bone damaged? which

artery ? what is counterpart bone?

42. which lobe is in middle cranial fossa? Temporal lobe frontal angles of parietal bones/

sphenoid bone, foromen ovale, spinosum and rotodum; optic chiasma, optic canal, sella

tucica and hypophyseal fossa (houses pituitary gland), superior orbital fissure, foramen

lacerum

43. which is not in posterior part of axilla? Posterior part of axilla—scapularis, teres major,

latissimus dorsi; anterior border---- pectoralis major and minor; medial border---serratus

anterior and thoracic wall; lateral border--- intertubecular sulcus

44. which lobes by anterior cerebral artery? Frontal and parietal lobe MEDIAL ASPECT

45.presympathetic of otic ganglion? TO THE PAROTID GLAND

46. innervation of submandibular gland? LINGUAL

47. innervation of lung? vagus and sympathetic t2-t4

48.start of esophagus? C6 at cricoid cartilage

49.first permanent mandible erupt where? distal to second primary mandible

50.mesial contact of mandibular canine? Incisal

51.which one erupt last? 5 tooth number including maxillary canine

52.when second premolar erupt? prior to exfoliation of primary second molar 

53. know about exact time of root complation and eruption , many tricky options

54.hapten? needs carrier molecule to n=intitae an immune response

55.what happen for teeth contact by aged? Increase interproximal contact

56.faciolingual tissue between teeth below contact? col

57.pitting edema----- Hypoalbuminia

58.tooth MD lingually is wider than buccaly? MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR

59.mechanism of action of rifam? BLOCK DNA DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE

60. mother is 6 weeks pregnant , what is in embryo that she doesnt have? how many

weeks wait for treatment? SHE MUST WAIT 6 MORE WEEKS, IT IS SAFE TO TREAT

PREGANNT WOMEN IN SECOND TRIMESTER

Arteriosum

You should wait until 2 trimester

why you ask her for good oral higiene? PREGNANACY INDUCED GINGIVITIS

1. Muscle that supinates from radioulnar joints-----biceps brachii, supranator muscle 2. Muscles of mastication----masseter, temporalis. Medial and lateral 3. Nucleus of cN and their function-----

4. Mesencephalic nucleus-------Mesencephalic nucleus? Propioceptive (spinocerebellar

tract )

5. DM6. LICHEN planus7. Grinspan syndrome8. Mallory weis syndrome9. Thrombophebleitis10. Lhf11. Urea cycle12. Lactate formation13. Enzymes of glycolysis and Krebs cycle14. Malnutrition15. Mesiodens

16. Fusion and gemination17. Gardner syndrome18. Forchcheimer spots19. Vit deficiencies20. Nephritic syndrome21. Suttons disease22. TB drugs and side effects23. Course of ECA and branches24. Course of vagus25. Muscles of mastication26. Pharyngeal pouches27. Mandibular molar occlusion Angles classfication28. Curve of spee29. Canine30. Anaplasia and atrophy differences31. Stroke32. LMN33. AML34. Hypothyroidism35. Alzheimers pathophysiology36. Multiple sclerosis37. Mi38. Amyloidoisis39. MSUD40. DM41. Amelogenesis imperfecta42. Hmgcoa reducatse inhibitors43. Xerostomia44. Depression hormone45. Partuition hormones46. Gonadotrophins47. Fumarase48. Fatty acids49. Sickle cell anemia, herpangina

50. Proteinuria51. Nikolsky sign52. Tzanck cells53. Psammoma bodies, typhus54. Micturtion phases55. Phases of degluttition56. Cerebellum function57. Crista galli, antibiotic overdose58. Sagittal sinuse59. Ventricles of brain60. Pulmonary infarct and hypertension61. Juvenile diabetes62. Resting potential63. Window period of aids and hep b64. Hep c65. DPT vaccine66. Lymphoma67. Pulmonary congestion68. Regional odontodysplasia69. Buergers disease70. Substance P71. Secrerions of adrenal gland72. Epinephrine and norepinephrine73. Mediastinum74. Carotid triangle75. Rocky mountain fever76. Cylindroma77. Liver enzymes78. Celiac disease79. Phases of deglutition80. Acetylcholine81. Statins82. Warfarins83. Huntingtons disease

84. Ejection of milk is controlled by what85. PDA86. Pink puffer87. Sphingomyelins88. Astrocytes89. Schwann cell fn90. Mitosis

17 DECEMBER

1- Most likely anterior tooth with 2 root canals? 2 ROOT CANALS IS MAND LATERAL, BIFURCATED ROOT IS MAN CANINE2- how we can see the mesial surface of mandibular canine? STRAIGHT OR PARALLEL3-maxillary canine has how many lingual fossa? 24- between 1 mx pm and 2nd mx pm what it is the most difference in crown? THE CUSP RIDGE?MAX FIRST MB?DB WHILE MAX 2 PREMOL DB>MB5-the crown of temporary teeth are difference from permanent teeth in what? MORE CONSTRICTED, BELL SHAPED, NO VISIBLE ROOT TRUNL, WHITER IN COLOR, THE CERVICAL ENAMEL RODS ARE DIRECTED OCCLUSALY6- the lingual cusp of 1st mx premolar is? LOCATED MESIALLY?7-premolar with almost same high of cups? MAX SECOND PREM8-eruption of temporary maxillar teeth?..?9-most common tooth to be trifurcated? MAX FIRST PREM10-how many roots and canal will you find in first mandibular molar? 2 ROOTS, 3 CANALS11-how many roots and canal will you find in maxillary molar? 3 ROOTS, 4 CANALS12- if the maxillary 1st molar has another extra canal where is found? MB ROOT13-which one is the cusp more little in mandibular fisrt molar? DISTAL14- how many pulp horns gonna have the temporaly first molar?  4 15-which one is the tallest cusp in primary first mandibular molar? ML

16-a what tooth is replaced by 2nd maxillary premolar?  SECOND PRIMARY MOLAR17- the distal contact of mx lateral incisor is where? IJ JM JM18- high contour of maxillary molar is located where? FACIAL IS CERVICAL THIRD, LINGUAL IS MIDDLE THIRD19-the tooth with major inclination faciolingualy is? MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISR20- MB root of 1st maxillary molar is innervated by?  MSA21- anterior tooth least likely to have divided canal? MAX CENTRAL

12.27

157. Know which one is for Norepinephrine?

E.Preganglionic sympathetic

F.Postganglionic sympathetic

G. Preganglaionic parasympa

H. Postganglionic para… (THIS is in FA)

158. Preganglionic parasympathetic nerves that dilate pupil have their cell bodies in

which nucleus Preganglionic cell bodies in mediolateral horn of T1

159. Where is nucleus(cell bodie) of the nerve that constrict pupil edinger ?

160. The secondary Cementum has all Except?

d. Blood vessels

e. Cellular

161. What you going to see in a patient if he doesn’t have anterior

pituitary

a. Cushing syndrome

b. …

c. ….

162. Stricktly ketogenic amino acids

a. Leucine (I picked this one, there was no Lysine)

163. Question about what process/limiting enzyme/allosteric activator

pairing is correct

Glycolisis/pfk/amp

164. You have to know all pyruvate fates, all the processes that it goes

through(phosphorylation, oxidation, deamination), limiting enzymes very

well because they way they ask you have to know how it works not just

the names, because it’s going to be impossible to answer if you don’t

understand the process

165. Superior part of Curve of Spee?(I guess maxillary part of the curve)

a. Convex

b. Concave

c. Etc

166. Healing woven bone? 1-3 weeks (this question was separate and in

the testlet)

167. Which one does NOT contribute to the posterior wall of axilla

f. Serratus anterior

g. Subscapularis

h. Teres major

168. You can see everything in derma except: MERKEL CELLS

a. Meissners

b. Sebaceous gland

c. Etc

169. What nerve in circumvilate pupilae CN9

170. Something about causes of Esophageal Varices ?(If I remember

correctly they asked everything except this causes it) there was no portal

hypertension MALLORY WEIS SYNDROME?

171. What happens during pregnancy: increase hcg,decrease fsh and lh

172. What produce hcg? PLACENTA?

173. What is not in Seminefrous tubules? Leydig cell

174. Inferior parathyroid is from the? 3 pouch

175. Arteries supplying parathyroid GLAND? SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR

THYROID ARTERUES

176. Patient had clenching which muscle? posterior fibers of

temporalis( there was no Masseter)

177. N-glycosylation? Endoplasmic reticulum

178. Bowmans capsule is lined by: podocytes

179. There was a question about Patient with Congestion, not about cor

pulmonale.

180. 2,3-bpg is up curve to the right why?

a. Decreased affinity for O2

b. Dec affin for CO2

c. Etc.

181. Rheumatoid arthritis will affect? Synovia

182. Know all the differences between cardiac, smooth and skeletal

muscles

183. hemophilia A caused by ?

A and von willbrand - factor 8

184. Which cells touch the basement memb of seminiferous tubules?

Spermatogonium

185. tuberculum carabelli on primary molar? What tooth and where

exactly on that tooth ON MESIOLINGUAL CUSP, PRIMARY MAX SEC

186. increased overbite effect on cusp height of posterior teeth?

It MAY make them high?

They MUST be higher? That’s exactly how the asked, there were

other choices but I don’t remember

187. primary molar in mesiodistal compare to premolars

1 mm more

2-4 mm more

1 mm less

2-4 mm less

188. Tip of the tongue? Deep lingual

189. Medial to hyoglosus muscle? Submundibular duct, lingual artery,

lingual nerve etc

1. (Case Study) Exam of cadaver: Female. LEFT backstab at L1-L2, adjacent

to vertebrae, 12 cm deep. Has Malory-Weiss tear on her esophagus and

multiple mass on her uterus.

a. What is the cause of the Malory-Weiss tear? Alcoholism (Mallory-Weiss tear = bleeding from tears at esophagus/stomach

jxn)

b. What is the multiple mass on her uterus? Leiomyoma (benign

neoplasm of uterus)

c. Which organ is most likely damaged/hit Kidney

2. (Case Study) Patient has Myasthenia Gravis

-Mechanism: autoimmune disease, antibodies against post-synaptic NMJ Ach receptor ALSO KNOW THAT’S NICOTINIC RECEPTORSa. Causes decreased acetylcholine receptors

b. How to medicates treat/help overcome symptoms: acetylcholinesterase inhibitor helps increase amount of available acetylcholine

c. Patient refuse treatment & can only afford to do a prophy, what do

you do? Present him with all options & refer him to specialty as needed.

3. (Case Study) Patient with Grave’s disease

-Mechanism against Graves’ Disease: binding Ig antibodies to TSH receptor in the thyroid (mimic TSH) stimulate production of

thryroxin

a. Graves’s disease causes/lab test show? High T3/T4, low TSH (on a graph)

b. What are the symptoms of Graves’ disease? Exophthalmos (bulging eyes)

4. (Case Study) HIV patient had an ulcer near tooth #15 that is very sore.

a. Biopsy was done on ulcer & it was undifferentiated something,

what is it most likely? Kaposi Sarcoma (?) NO I AM SURE

ITS HERPES, HERPES CAUSES ULCERS ON PALATE IN

PATIENTS WITH AIDS. SEARCH IT UP

b. Which injection would u give? PSA

c. Opportunistic infections associated & not associated with AIDS.

CANDIDA, PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII. ASPERGILOSES

d. How to treat patient ideally? Limit/control infection (?)

5.Question about which teeth will give you problem when you putting a band and what surface (Max 1 pm, Max 1 ml)

6.What's unique about rabies vaccine I chose that people get it after they got exposed to a disease

7. In a testlet girl needed rct done, I think she had some problem with tonsillitisWhen you put a rubber dam and in the middle of procedure you hear a quite whistling noise on inhale what is it?Problem with upper respiratory tract – I THINK SO, ASTHMATIC PATIENTS USUALLY WHEEZEHole in rubber dam(I chose this but I don't know if it's correct)

8.Primate space on max and mandible between which teeth UPPER MESIAL TO PRIMARY CANINE AND LOWER DISTAL TO PRIMARY CANINE

9.What nerve to block if pt needs to give a speech after procedure on mn anterior tooth, INCISIVE NERVE BLOCK

What is the cause of scarlet fever rash? ERYTHROGENIC TOXIN, OR PYOGEGIN EXOTOXINmuscle doesn't elevate layranx.. thyrohyoidSecondary lysosome?--------1 st lysosome+ pinosome or phagosomesecondary lysosome n. A lysosome formed by the combination of a primary lysosome and a phagosome or pinosome and in which lysis takes place through the activity of hydrolytic enzymes.Is not in cortison ? ..?External acoustic meutus defect where?--------1 st brachial cleft1first branches pouch,1st branches cleft,2 brachial pouch,2 branches cleftimmovable joint in fetus it is ?hylein cartilage, elastic cartilage,

fibrocartalage,....distoinsacial angle of Lower central Incisor attach in class I? Distal margin of upper ci, or distal fossa of upper ci,....During mediotrusive movement the cusp of upper canine location?distal to lower canine ,medial to lower canine,....Epth.cover unerpted tooth.??? REDUCED ENAEL EPITHELIUMShape of plup of Lowe central incisor, ovoidCambodian girlsHematoma in supra orbital what is the bone fracture,artery .Dna finger print,but no south ,no southernwest???Snake bite testlet._____________________________________

KM NBDE1 Questions

⁃ V3 pterygopalatine or maxillary fissure ?

⁃ tallest lingual cusp man 1 mol.. ML

⁃ Dysentery shigella AND ECOLI BUST MOSTLY SHIGELLA

⁃ Anthrax polypeptide capsule

⁃ What do gram neg have? LPS

⁃ Restriction endonuclease on dna or rna ..

⁃ Most bacteria info by conjugation

⁃ What connects two diencephalons ? Cerebral aqueduct/ lateral ventricle/

third ventricle / fourth ventricle / foramen of magendie

⁃ Killed vaccine? polio Salk

⁃ Lower half of left side face is paralysed. Lesion from left cerebral

hemisphere/ contralateral/ facial canal/ below sstylomastoid foramen ipsilateral or

contrayeral?

⁃ M gravis affects - myoneural junctions/ motor/ sensory neurons?

⁃ Pt with brown white mottling n flecks - fluroosis

⁃ Pt with dimple pits in molars cervical middle third and on anteriors in Invcis

third - tetrayclcyine by mother before birth/ scarlet fever at age 2? FLUOROSIS????

⁃ How many canals in max 1 molar normally? 4

⁃ Proximal outline of max central TRIANGULAR

⁃ Proximal of max premolars TRAPEZOIDAL

⁃ Premolars lingual cusps both to mesial T

⁃ Cusps connecting oblique ridge ML AND DB

⁃ Cusps connecting transverse ridge ML AND MB

⁃ Attachment of tempromandobular ligament NECK OF CONDYLE

⁃ Attachment of sphenomandivilar ligament LINGULA

⁃ Which canine has longer distal or mesial cusp PRIM MAX CANINE?

MB>DB

⁃ Disinfecting heat sensitive materials - ethylene oxide

⁃ Disinfecting materials without corrosion - dry heat

⁃ Pt with penicillin allergy- type 1 IgG? Type 2 IgG and IgM? Type 3 IgG

type 4 cell mediated? Ther was no type 1 IgE! I picked the first option

"Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction that occurs one to three weeks

after exposure to drugs including penicillin. It is not a true drug allergy, because

allergies are type I hypersensitivity reactions, but repeated exposure to the offending

agent can result in an anaphylactic reaction.”

⁃ Nerve anterior wrist - median

⁃ Lateroescursive and medioexcursive movements

⁃ Interaction of tongue - taste and sensory to each part

⁃ Answ cervicalis imnervates? Infrahyoids

⁃ Athletes foot? Tricophyton

⁃ Systemic mycoses? Crypto histo

⁃ What’s unique about them? They travel from an exogenous source

____________________________________________________________________

1-Sympathetic system does all of the following EXCEPT - CONSTRICT THE PUPIL2-Adrenal medulla not necessary for survive3-Carotid triangle formed by? SUPERIOR BELLY OF OMOHYOID, POST BELLY DIGASTRIC AND STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID4-Glycolisis…rate limit PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE5-Prostate cancer-INCREASE SERUM PHOSPHATASE6-What provides sensory to the upper lip? INFRAORBITAL7-3 years old TMJ…fibrocartilage?8-Several questions about pulp horns9-A lot of questions on primary teeth

10-What happens to the pulp as you age? LESS CELLULAR AND MORE FIBROUS11-Anterior wrist innervation12- Fumarase links TCA to urea cycle13-Phagocyte found in- synovial membrane 14-What is the direct source of nutrition to the tmj articular surfaces? SYNOVIAL FLUID15-Where you see wear facets? Lingual of maxillary? Facial of mandibular?16-Atrophy occurs with? Pressure, disuse17-Patient has pain tooth # 3 and needs a root canalWhere infection would goes? MAXILLARY SINUSWhat nerve sense pain in that tooth? POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ALVEOLARWhat is the neurotransmitter for pulp pain? Acetylcholine, Substance P18-What is not in Parotid? Facial artery19- Which part of in kidney uses the most ATP? PCT20-Eject milk? OXYTOCIN21-What Parkinson and Alzheimer has in common? DIMENTIA22-Replace dog aorta with a rigid tube…what is going to happen with systolic? Diastolic? Pulse rate? INCREASE SYSYOLE, DECREASE DIASTOLE, INCREASE PULSE PRESSURE23-Demilune of mucous in sublingual gland consist of?  Serous cap24-Achalasia where? LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER25-Girl is 17 years old, she is taking birth control…she asked the dentist to don’t tell her parents… if the dentist don’t tell he is doing? 26-Person with diarrhea has metabolic acidosis27-PPD test is positive for all except? Leprae test28-An excess of adrenal cortex hormones leads to what disease? CUSHING SYNDROME29-Excess ACTH leads to? Weight gain 30-3ry structure of proteins. Cysteine 31-Patient with trismus 32-Atmospheric pressure 250 mmhg and po2 is what? 50mmhg33-One question about a patient with chronic stomach pain…also has infection in his tooth …

Dentist prescribed antibiotic for his tooth infection. After a week patient is better and his stomach also is without pain…This happened because the pain in patient’s stomach was, because the tooth infection or the antibiotic had a large spectrum and also killed the bacteria in patient stomach…34- Which of the following muscles is NOT an infrahyoid muscle?35-Papilla of the tongue don't have taste? Filliform36-Tracheostomy? Decreases dead space37-What cause supination between ulna and redial? Biceps brachii38-Facial paralysis after anesthesia? Entered the parotid gland space39- Proprioception of trigeminal to which nucleus? Mesencephalic40-Cells of PDL comes from? Dental sac �41- Muscle contraction cause shortening of? H and I band42- Herpangina? coxsackie virus43- What enzyme bacteria used to produce caries? Glucosyltranferase44- Which virus not latent? Polio & Rhino45-From where the vertebral artery go to skull? Foramen Magnum50-Para follicular cells produce? Calcitonin51-Have afferent and efferent vessels? Lymph node52-What ligament attach to disc? discal ligament53-What accessory ligament prevent mandible from during protrusions? Stylomandibular �54-A girl from Africa had TB, what would not be a cause of a positive TB test? Leprosy55-Paralysis of the face muscle below zygoma? UMN Damage56-How much the occlusal table form over all? 50-60 % of occlusal surface is occlusal table�57- Pulmonary and aorta alike in which? Amount of blood flowing is same58- Why hapten cannot elicit the formation of antibodies by themselves? Small, it needs carrier59- Where dose the submandibular canal open? Sublingual caruncle in floor of mouth60- Which of the following state embeded in endometrium? Blastocyst61- Bowman- podocytes62- Found in salivary glands and pancreas? Intercalated ducts

63- Virus that cause chicken pox also cause? Shingles or herpes zoster64- Patient with diabetes 1AUTOIMMUNE65-Leukoplakia what type of epithelium? parakeratinised66- Decrease water permeability in distal tubule? DECREASE ADH67-Colloid-filled follicle? Thyroid68-Blood brain barrier is efficient because? Not fenestrated69-Mx 1 molar root not innervated by superior posterior nerve? MB70- Separate diencephalon? 3rd ventricle71- Steepness of the condyle? Taller posterior cusps72- How increasing anterior overbite will affect the height of posterior cusps? Make them taller/higher73- Granular cells in ovaries analogous with which in testes? Sertoli74- Trifurcated premolar? MX 1 PM75- How many pulp horns in MD 1 molar? 576-Patient has paralysis in facial muscles due to cerebrovascular injury which artery is involved? Middle cerebral77- Chlamydial infection to conjunctiva and pharynx? Trachoma78- Supra-clavicular lymph node metastasis from which cancer? Stomach79- Posterior tongue papillae innervated by? CN980-Does not pass from jugular foramen? Hypoglossal81-External auditory meatus? 1st cleft82- DEJ forms at? Bell stage83- Protect against occlusal forces? Oblique fibers84- Not an effect of Viagra? Increase bp85- Lining of stomach? Simple columnar epithelium86-Autosomal dominant 50? 25% in offspring

87- Infection in the posterior wall of maxillary sinus will spread to? Ethmoidal88-Weil–Felix test? Rocky Mountain spotted fever89- Produce secretin? S cells of duodenum90-Premolar with cusps closest in size? MX 2 PM91-Y pattern of MD 2 pm formed by? Lingual and central grooves92- Warfarin tested by? PT AND INR93- Gingival disease? IgG

94- Substrate of dextran formation? Sucrose95-Hyperventilation? CAUSES RSIRATORY ALKALOSIS96-Suicide inhibitor? FLUORURACIL97-Penicillin resistance? B-lactamase98- Nissl bodies? RER IN NEURONS99- Urticaria in penicillin allergy which type of hypersensitivity? Type 1100- Long-onset long effect? Estrogen101- Relation of lingual nerve to inferior mandibular nerve? Anterior medial102-Primary teeth have? Lighter color103- Protrusion? Lateral pterygoid104-Group A strep? Scarlet fever105- Inactive vaccine? Salk (Killed) �106-Between atria? Fossa ovalis�107-Crepitus of TMJ? Osteoarthritis108- Triglycerides transported to liver by? Chylomicron109- Sensory to lower lip? Mental nerve �110- Vital capacity? Tidal + reserve inspired + reserve expired volume111- Myoglobin? Great affinity to bind O2112- Sensory to ant 2/3 of tongue? Chorda tympani via lingual113-Heat sensitive object sterilized with? 2% ethylene oxide 114-Bacteriemia. Definition115-Myastemia Gravis? Tymoma116- A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with anaplastic thyroid cancer and underwent aggressive surgery to remove most of the thyroid. Unfortunately, the surgeon also excised the parathyroid glands. Which of the following could result from the excision of the parathyroid glands?(1) Strengthening of muscles (2) Weakening of bones (3) Muscle cramping..

JANUARY

1. Xenograft- from different species 2. Trachea – pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium3. Resp acidosis seen in - diarrhoea, vomiting, hyperventilation, morphine

overdose4. Initially seen in metabolic acidosis- diarrhoea, hyperkalemia, vomiting, hypokalemia5. All risk factors for breast cancer except- early menarche, late menopause , nulliparity, breast feeding6. Testlets on herpes zoster, trigeminal neuralgia, abscess, stroke, patient with rpd and tooth pain 7. Was given lab prescription what was wrong in it - instructions to the lab guy for crown prep 8. Committing step for glycolysis-- PFK9. Committed step for cell cycle--s10. Oxidative decarboxylation occurs by- enzymes given—pyruvate dehydrogenase11. Source of nitrogen in urea cycle ---aspartate and ammonia (NH4) 12. Secretin secreted by—s cells of duodenum 13. Hormone secreted by chief cells--- PTh14. Lingua HOC for canine - no cervical in option —- instead said determined by cingulum15. Many ques on canine and premolars 16. Maximum ques on DA17. Root canals in max molars---- 3 or 4 in maxillary molar (2mb, 1 db, 1 palatal)18. No and root canals in mand molars—2 roots, 3 canals , 2 in mesial root , 1 in distal  19. 2 root canal orifices seen in ----mandibular canine 20. TMJ ligament attached to--- attached to neck of condyle 21. Absolute refractory period ---caused by closure of volatage sensitive na channel22. Testlet on osteoporosis23. Mesial contact of canine--- IJ JM JM (MAX); II II IM(mand)24. Distal contact of canine25. Primary Maxillary 2 Nd pm replaced by--- permanent maxillary 2 premolar26. If a side has two molars , on pm and one retained molar what wud be the missing tooth be?--- 2 nd premolar?

27. Question on embrasures if teeth 28. Ansa cervicalis supplies what --- infrahyoid except thyrohyoid (C1 and Cn12)29. Submandibular ganglion is related to which nerve - chorda tympani not in option30. Str between sup and inf constrictor-------- above superior(levator veli palatine, Eustachian, pharyngotympanic tube, ascending palatine a and ascending pharyngeal a ); between sup & mid (stylopharyngeus, styloglossus, hyoglossus, hyoglossus, stylohyoid ligament, linguarl a & v, cn ix); between middle and inf( internal laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal a &v); below inf (recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal a&v)31. Not a derivative of ectoderm - papillary layer (mesoderm) 32. Visceral branches of aorta 33. Portal vein contains blood from what?--- sinusoid 34. Numbness in lower lip and chin - which nerve --- mental nerve 35. Nerve in the centre at the wrist--- median nerve36. Supinator of radioulnar joint---biceps brachii37. Muscle responsible for side to side clenching— if clenching in general masseter , but side to side can be masseter nd lateral pterygoid? 38. If mand moves to right side which muscle is resp--- left lateral pterygoid 39. Bifurcated canal seen in- man canine??40. Many ques on root canal positions 41. Foramen connecting right and left atrium—foramen ovale 42. Escape of cells in inflammation occurs in - capillaries43. Cells in acute inflammation--- neutrophils44. Not present in suppuration – no lymphocytes no plasma cells (supurration- neutrophils, necrotic dead host cells and exudate)45. Aorta replaced by rigid pipe in dog - effect diastole, systole ans pulse pressure; increase systolic pressure , decrease or no change in diastole and pulse pressure increase46. Mesial of mandibular canine---- straight and parallel to long axis47. Seen in patient with inc ACTH? CUSHING hyperglycemia and weight gain 48. Major action of intestine - segmentation 49. If facial lesion below stylomastoid foramen effect seen is - ipailateral and

contralalteral combinations---- below is LMN, ipsilateral of whole face paralysis50. If patient says don’t tell parents she is taking OCP and u comply what ethics - autonomy

Read DA in very details as the files for DA are not enough ... they ask everything canals, concavity, occlusal surf, grooves, hoc , Contacts 1) common heart disease in the US ?

Coronary artery disease

2) cor pulmonale ?

Right sided heart failure, right ventricular hypertrophy, distended jugular vein ,

dependent edema, secondary to chronic pulmonary disease, ascites may be present

3) where does the col found ?

Interdental papilla depression between facial and lingual papilla

4) In rheumatic heart disease which valve of heart involved?

Mitral valve

5) you do not use antibiotic prophylaxis with which patients?

With certain heart conditions - the ans entirely depends on the choices there

6) left side heart failure related to lung disease ?

Dyspnae, pulmonary congestion (cough, crackle, wheeze, blood tinged sputum,

tachypnea), elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

7) black urine?

Alcaptonuria

contraindication of local anesthesia?

Multiple medical conditions are involved - depends on options

9) myocardial infarction caused due to ?

THROMBOSIS formation (most common cause )

10) congestive heart failure associated with what disease ?

Congenital heart disease

11) type of necrosis in rheumatic heart disease ?

fibrinoid necrosis - Ashkoffs cells

12) debranching enzyme deficiency disease ?

Coris disease , forbes disease

14) DiGeorge syndrome?

is a syndrome caused by the deletion of a small segment of chromosome 22

15) a lot of questions about the heart rate (when does it increase or decrease ) ?

16) a lot of questions about the GFR ?

GFR rate is the best test to measure your level of kidney function and determine your

stage of kidney disease.

Normal ranges from 90-120.

17) The most specific marker for heart disease is : (dearliest is myoglobin, most

specific is

troponin I , ck is after these)

1) Troponin I

2) Troponin C

3) Troponin T

4) None

18) Cause of sudden death in young athletes is due to what heart disease ?

cardiac tamponade

19) High triglyceride levels in the blood can cause:

A- atherosclerosis (high cholesterol. Triglyceride also )

B- heart disease

C- stroke (high cholesterol , triclyceride)

D- Pancreatitis

E- All of the above

20) second heart in human body ?

Calf muscles

21) structures in fetus but not found in adults ?

Foramen ovale & ductus arteriosum

22) embryology of tmj and mandible ?

tmj (2nd brachial arch) and cartilage = mandibular first branchial arch

23) most resistance to change in ph ?

Liver

least resistance to change in ph ?

Heart

24) pkc location

Pkc : plasma membrane

25) red and white infracts ?

red lungs and liver, white = spleen, kidney, heart

26) some questions about which one of them is nicotinic or muscarinic ?

ACH receptors

27) mechanism of action of the asthma inhaler ? and what receptor does it work on ?

bronchodilator, B2

31) heart innervation ?

Vagus, T1-T4

32) erupted teeth in 6 years old patient ?

20 primary 4 permanent

only 1 molars, incisor6 and half year

33) source of nitrogen in urea cycle ?

Aspartate, ammonia and carbomyl phosphate

34) Fumarate links the urea cycle to ?

TCA

35) amino acid that doesn’t form hydrogen bond ?

Proline --- hydrophobic

36) medial / lateral walls of orbit by which bone ?

Lateral wall by frontal process of zyhoma

And medial by ethmoid, lacrimal, spehnoid and nasal.

37) buccinator muscle originate from ?

From alveolar process of maxilla and mandible

38) amino acid made as a byproduct of urea cycle ?

Arginine

39) passive and active transport ?

passive : no ATP need

active : needs ATP

40) form of bacterial genes transfer is the least susceptible to DNAse and doesn’t

require cell to cell contact ?

Transformation

41) hormone that increase the rate of anabolic reaction ?

Growth hormone

42) amino acid that has a hydrophobic side chain ?

Methonine

43) which two bones make up the nasal septum ?

Ethmoid bone & lacrimal bone

44) how many facial bones in adult skull ?

14 facial bones and 8 cranial bones

45) the mastoid process located in which bone ?

Temporal bone

46) actions occur by sympathetic nervous system ?

Fight or flight

47) muscle responsible for mandible protrusion ?

Lateral pterygoid

48) supra and infrahyoid muscles ?

Supra : diagstric, stylohyoid, mylohoid, geniohyoid, hyoglossus

Infra : omyhoid, sternohyojd, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

49) direction of mandibular condyle during retrusive movement ?

Posterio-superior

50) normaly not visible on ECG?

U-Wave

51) sensation of taste from anterior and posterior third of the tongue are separated by

a V shaped border called ?

Sulcus terminalis

52) max central incisor root completed by what age ?

9-10 years of age

53) doesn’t occur in liver ?

Storage of digestive enzymes

54) bacteria ca not survive in an oxygen environment ?

Anaerobic

55) hypothalamus develops from ?

Diencephalon

56) medulla and pons develop from ?

Rhomdoncephalon

57) rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis?

F16 biphosphatase

58) Wernicke's area located in which lobe ?

Temporal

59) calcified body located in dental pulp called ?

pulp stone, denticles

60) teeth most frequently has 3 cusps ?

Maxillary 3M, mandibular 2PM

61) the km value of an enzyme equal to ?

Half of V-max

62) barretts esophagus associated with ?

Squamous metaplasia associated with GERD

63) active G protein component ?

Activated by G protein-coupled receptors

64) major fibrillar component of mature dentin ?

Collagen type 1 & 3

65) the enzymes for the krebs cycle are found in ?

Mitochondrial matrix

66) glut 4 and 1

4 = glucose

1 = insulin

68) type of connective tissue found in pulp ?

Loose connective tissue

69) centric relation is achieved by which muscles ?

Masseter and temporalis

70) what does the epiblast form ?

All three germ layers

71) double stranded RNA virus ?

Reo & rota - Virus

72) unique feature you found in the histology of hepatitis C?

Portal inflammation, sinusoidal lymphocytic reaction

73) something about hepatitis B and the answer was Dane particles

Dane particles are seen in Hep-B

74) respirstion takes place in bacteria where ?

Cell wall

75) maxillar teeth drains into which node ?

Deep cervixal lymph nodes

78) cytokines capable of decreasing inflammation ?

Transforming growth factor - beta

79) chaperone protein assists in ?

Protein folding

80) difference between osmotic and hydrostatic pressure ?

Osmotic pressure is due to proteins n hydrostatic pressure is due to blood

volume. ..Both oppose each other

1) common heart disease in the US ?

Coronary artery disease

2) cor pulmonale ?

Right sided heart failure

3) where does the col found ?

Interdental papilla

4) In rheumatic heart disease which valve of heart involved?

Mitral valve

5) you do not use antibiotic prophylaxis with which patients?

With certain heart conditions - the ans entirely depends on the choices there

6) left side heart failure related to lung disease ?

Dyspnae, pulmonary congestion

7) black urine?

Alcaptonuria

contraindication of local anesthesia?

Multiple medical conditions are involved - depends on options

9) myocardial infarction caused due to ?

Coronary heart disease

10) congestive heart failure associated with what disease ?

Congenital heart disease

11) type of necrosis in rheumatic heart disease ?

fibrinoid necrosis - Ashkoffs cells

12) debranching enzyme deficiency disease ?

Coris disease

14) DiGeorge syndrome?

is a syndrome caused by the deletion of a small segment of chromosome 22

15) a lot of questions about the heart rate (when does it increase or decrease ) ?

16) a lot of questions about the GFR ?

GFR rate is the best test to measure your level of kidney function and determine your stage

of kidney disease.

Normal ranges from 90-120.

17) The most specific marker for heart disease is :

1) Troponin I

2) Troponin C

3) Troponin T

4) None

18) Cause of sudden death in young athletes is due to what heart disease ?

cardiac tamponade

19) High triglyceride levels in the blood can cause:

A- atherosclerosis

B- heart disease

C- stroke

D- Pancreatitis

E- All of the above

20) second heart in human body ?

Calf muscles

21) structures in fetus but not found in adults ?

Foramen ovale & ductus arteriosum

22) embryology of tmj and mandible ?

tmj and cartilage = mandibular first branchial arch

23) most resistance to change in ph ?

Liver

least resistance to change in ph ?

Heart

24) pkc location

Pkc : plasma membrane

25) red and white infracts ?

red lungs and liver, white = spleen, kidney, heart

26) some questions about which one of them is nicotinic or muscarinic ?

ACH receptors

27) mechanism of action of the asthma inhaler ? and what receptor does it work on ?

bronchodilator, B2

31) heart innervation ?

Vagus, T1-T4

32) erupted teeth in 6 years old patient ?

20 primary 4 permanent

33) source of nitrogen in urea cycle ?

Aspartate, ammonia and carbomyl phosphate

34) Fumarate links the urea cycle to ?

TCA

35) amino acid that doesn’t form hydrogen bond ?

Proline

36) medial / lateral walls of orbit by which bone ?

Lateral wall by frontal process of zyhoma

And medial by ethmoid, lacrimal, spehnoid and nasal.

37) buccinator muscle originate from ?

From alveolar process of maxilla and mandible

38) amino acid made as a byproduct of urea cycle ?

Arginine

39) passive and active transport ?

passive : no ATP need

active : needs ATP

40) form of bacterial genes transfer is the least susceptible to DNAse and doesn’t require

cell to cell contact ?

Transformation

41) hormone that increase the rate of anabolic reaction ?

Growth hormone

42) amino acid that has a hydrophobic side chain ?

Methonine

43) which two bones make up the nasal septum ?

Ethmoid bone & lacrimal bone

44) how many facial bones in adult skull ?

14 facial bones and 8 cranial bones

45) the mastoid process located in which bone ?

Temporal bone

46) actions occur by sympathetic nervous system ?

Fight or flight

47) muscle responsible for mandible protrusion ?

Lateral pterygoid

48) supra and infrahyoid muscles ?

Supra : diagstric, stylohyoid, mylohoid, geniohyoid, hyoglossus

Infra : omyhoid, sternohyojd, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

49) direction of mandibular condyle during retrusive movement ?

Posterio-superior

50) normaly not visible on ECG?

U-Wave

51) sensation of taste from anterior and posterior third of the tongue are separated by a V

shaped border called ?

Sulcus terminalis

52) max central incisor root completed by what age ?

9-10 years of age

53) doesn’t occur in liver ?

Storage of digestive enzymes

54) bacteria ca not survive in an oxygen environment ?

Anaerobic

55) hypothalamus develops from ?

Diencephalon

56) medulla and pons develop from ?

Rhomdoncephalon

57) rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis?

F16 biphosphatase

58) Wernicke's area located in which lobe ?

Temporal

59) calcified body located in dental pulp called ?

pulp stone, denticles

60) teeth most frequently has 3 cusps ?

Maxillary 3M, mandibular 2PM

61) the km value of an enzyme equal to ?

Half of V-max

62) barretts esophagus associated with ?

Squamous metaplasia associated with GERD

63) active G protein component ?

Activated by G protein-coupled receptors

64) major fibrillar component of mature dentin ?

Collagen type 1 & 3

65) the enzymes for the krebs cycle are found in ?

Mitochondrial matrix

66) glut 4 and 1

4 = glucose

1 = insulin

68) type of connective tissue found in pulp ?

Loose connective tissue

69) centric relation is achieved by which muscles ?

Masseter and temporalis

70) what does the epiblast form ?

All three germ layers

71) double stranded RNA virus ?

Reo & rota - Virus

72) unique feature you found in the histology of hepatitis C?

Portal inflammation, sinusoidal lymphocytic reaction

73) something about hepatitis B and the answer was Dane particles

Dane particles are seen in Hep-B

74) respirstion takes place in bacteria where ?

Cell wall

75) maxillar teeth drains into which node ?

Deep cervixal lymph nodes

78) cytokines capable of decreasing inflammation ?

Transforming growth factor - beta

79) chaperone protein assists in ?

Protein folding

80) difference between osmotic and hydrostatic pressure ?

Osmotic pressure is due to proteins n hydrostatic pressure is due to blood volume. ..Both

oppose each other