Ecology
Ecology
What is Classification
• arranging living organisms into
groups based on similarities in
structure, embryology, and DNA.
Why Classify Organisms
• Aiding the identification of species
• Shows evolutionary links
• Predicting characteristics shared by similar species
Species
• a group of organisms with similar characteristics
• can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. • DNA will also be very similar.
Binomial System
• 2 names are used to refer to each species
Genus Species Common Name
Apteryx australis Brown Kiwi
Apteryx haastii Great Spotted Kiwi
Apteryx owenii Little Spotted Kiwi
Kingdoms of Life
• Prokaryotae
• Prokaryote cells: – Unicellular– no nucleus– no organelles
Kingdoms of Life
• Protoctista
• Eukaryote cells– unicellular & simple multicellular– Nucleus– organelles
Kingdoms of Life
• Fungi
• Eukaryote cells– uni- to multicellular– Heterotrophs– mostly saprotrophs
Kingdoms of Life
• Plantae
• Eukaryote cells– Multicellular– Autotrophs– cellulose cell walls
Kingdoms of Life
• Animalia
• Eukaryote cells– multicellular– Heterotrophs– lack cell walls
Which Kingdom?
Plantae
Protista
Yeast (Fungi)
Mosquito (Animal)
Goldfish (Animal)
Seven Levels of Classification
• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species
• Kiwis• Play• Cricket• On• Flat• Green• Surfaces
Rules
1. Write Genus with capital letter, species small
2. Write Genus and species in italics
3. In an essay, once Genus name is written, can use capital letter only
4. Use sp. If species is unknown
Kiwi
• Kingdom: Animalia• Phylum: Chordata• Subphylum: Vertebrata• Class: Aves• Order: Struthioniformes• Family: Apterygidae• Genus: Apteryx• Species: Apteryx australis
Characteristics of Living Things
• Movement• Respiration• Sensitivity• Growth• Reproduction• Excretion• Nutrition
Other Terms
• Metabolism –
• Homeostasis –
• Adaptations –
• Ecological niche -