1 Development of Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (SiP Development of Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (SiP M) for a variety of new applications. M) for a variety of new applications. • Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (so cal led SiPM) • A possible new photo-sensor replaci ng PMT. PMT SiPM Gain ~10 6 ~10 6 Bias Voltage ~1000V ~50 V Size small Compact (tiny) Magnetic field Very sensitive No influence Stability Good Unknown Noize rate quiet ~MHz(lowe r?) Response fast fast Structure Simple (cheap) When the technology of SiPM is es tablished, the usage of SiPM may be as easy as that of photo-diode with photon-counting capability.
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1 Development of Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (SiPM) for a variety of new applications. Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (so called SiPM) A possible new photo-sensor.
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Development of Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (SiPDevelopment of Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (SiPM) for a variety of new applications.M) for a variety of new applications.
• Multi-pixel Geiger mode APD (so called SiPM)• A possible new photo-sensor replacing PMT.
PMT SiPM
Gain ~106 ~106
Bias Voltage ~1000V ~50 V
Size small Compact (tiny)
Magnetic field Very sensitive No influence
Stability Good Unknown
Noize rate quiet ~MHz(lower?)
Response fast fast
Structure Simple (cheap)
When the technology of SiPM is established, the usage of SiPM may be as easy as that of photo-diode with photon-counting capability.
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Development of the photon-counting Development of the photon-counting SYSTEMSYSTEM with SiPMwith SiPM
Discriminator
ADC/TDC
AmplifierSiPM
Voltage Controller
Temperature monitor
Step 1 Step 2
…
ASIC
…. Step N (future, not scope in this research)
1cm
• Multi-channel SiPM as an image sensor with Mage-pixel? {This picture is the multi-channel (32ch) APD }
• ASIC will be directly embedded on the sensor.(Example: A silicon pixel detector for LHC)
O(100)~O(10,000) channels
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Vendor & ManufactureVendor & Manufacture
KEK
Hamamatsu?
RussianCompany 1
RussianCompany 2
UniversityEducation
Other Applications(PET?, Imaging sensor, ..)
Exp. Group(, ILC, Belle, …)
UniversityDetector R&D
usersusers
KEK should play a central role for the SiPM development fKEK should play a central role for the SiPM development for a variety of feature applications.or a variety of feature applications.
Development of SiPM itself
Development of readout technology for applications
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Applications• T2K Near detector
– Full active scintillator tracker like K2K-SciBar
• ILC calorimeter• Belle/Super-Belle [KLM, Calorimeter??]• High resolution 3D photo-sensor for general applications