1 Department of Defense Overview Presented by Office of the Director of Administration and Management Office of the Secretary of Defense 8 September 2008.

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Department of DefenseOverview

Presented byOffice of the Director of Administration and Management

Office of the Secretary of Defense8 September 2008

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Outline

The mission of the Department of Defense is to provide the military forces needed to deter war and to protect the security

of our country.

Official Mission Statement of the Department of Defense

• The Constitution and National Defense

• Key Statutory Authorities of the Secretary of Defense

• DoD Organizational Structure

• Corporate Governance and Corporate Processes

• Policy Framework, Senior Leaders, and Key Advisory Boards

• Key Developments/Initiatives

• Core Take-Aways

• Applicable Quotes on Organizational Matters

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Article I – Congress

• Authorizes and appropriates

• Makes rules for governance; e.g.: – National Security Act of 1947, as amended

– Goldwater-Nichols Reorganization Act of 1986

– Intel Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004

• Declares war

• Advice and consent:

– Principal appointees

– Military officer promotions

The Constitution and National Defense Congress

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Article II – President

• Shall be the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States

• Exercises authority over the military by:– Selecting Presidential appointees and senior officers, and

approving military promotions

– Managing the federal budget process

– Formulating/implementing national security policy

– Personal engagement in matters of high importance

The Constitution and National DefenseThe President

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Key Statutory Authorities Secretary of Defense

• Principal Advisor to the President on Defense matters

“The Secretary of Defense is the principal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the Department of Defense.”*

• Cabinet member as the head of an executive department

“The Department of Defense is an executive department of the United States.”*

• Leader and CEO of the Department

“There is a Secretary of Defense, who is the head of the Department of Defense … [who] has authority, direction, and control over the Department of Defense.”*

• Deputy to the Commander in Chief

“… the chain of command to a combatant command runs (1) from the President to the Secretary of Defense and (2) from the Secretary of Defense to the commander

of the combatant command.”*

* Title 10, United States Code

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Unified Policy and Direction

OSDCJCS

JCS Joint Staff

Secretary of DefenseDeputy Secretary of Defense

Supporters & Suppliers

Defense Agencies &DoD Field Activities (29)

Departmentof theArmy

Departmentof theNavy

Departmentof the

Air Force

Operators: Combatant CommandsFunctional Regional

Navy USMC

DoD Organizational Structure The DoD Components

IG,DoD

StrategicCommand

Transpor-tation

Command

Special OperationsCommand

NorthernCommand

EuropeanCommand

CentralCommand

SouthernCommand

PacificCommand

JointForces

Command

DoD Components:OSD 1JCS / Joint Staff 2Defense Agencies 18DoD Field Activities 11Military Departments 3COCOMs 9DoD IG 1Total 45

DoD Direct Reporting Officials: 28

DoD Workforce: Military: 1.3MCivilians: 700KGuard and Reserve: 825K

AfricaCommand

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Secretary of Defense

Deputy Secretary of Defense

ASD(Networks

& InformationIntegration)/Chief

Information Officer

USD(Comptroller)/Chief Financial

Officer

USD(Policy)

Director,Operational

Test &Evaluation

USD(Acquisition,

Technology &Logistics)

USD(Personnel & Readiness)/Chief Human

Capital Officer

ASD(Legislative

Affairs)

ASD(Public Affairs)

DoDGeneralCounsel

Assistant to the Secretary ofDefense (ATSD)

(IntelligenceOversight)

Director,Net

Assessment

Director,Administration

andManagement

Director,Program

Analysis & Evaluation

DoD Organizational StructureOSD (with IG DoD)

USD(Intelligence)

Direct Reports

OSD 14

IG* 1

Total 15

Authorized PersonnelCivilians 1674Military 444Total 2118

InspectorGeneral *

*Although the IG is statutorily part of OSD and is under the general supervision of the Secretary of Defense, the OIG functions as an independent and objective unit of the Department of Defense.

** On October 1, 2008, the Secretary of Defense will stand up the Office of the Deputy Chief Management Officer; the DCMO is a PAS official (Level III)—a position that will be filled by the next Administration.

Immediate Office of the Secretary

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Secretary of Defense

Deputy Secretary of Defense

USD(Policy)

USD(Comptroller)

USD(Personnel &Readiness)

ASD (Networks& InformationIntegration)

USD (Acquisition,Technology &

Logistics)

USD(Intelligence)

DefenseSecurity

CooperationAgency

DefenseContract

AuditAgency

DefenseFinance &Accounting

Service

DefenseCommissary

Agency

DefenseAdvancedResearch

Projects Agency

DefenseLogisticsAgency*

DefenseIntelligence

Agency*

DefenseSecurityService

*DefenseContract

ManagementAgency

DefenseInformation

SystemsAgency*

Director,Administration

andManagement

PentagonForce

ProtectionAgency

DefenseThreat

ReductionAgency*

MissileDefenseAgency

DefenseLegal

ServicesAgency

NationalGeospatial-Intelligence

Agency*

NationalSecurityAgency*

DoD Organizational Structure OSD PSA Oversight of Defense Agencies

DefenseBusiness

TransformationAgency

DoDGeneralCounsel

DefenseContract

ManagementAgency*

* Seven are designated as Combat Support Agencies with Joint oversight with the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Defense Agencies: 18

NationalReconnaissance

Office

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Secretary of DefenseDeputy Secretary of Defense

AmericanForces

InformationService

DoDEducation

Activity

USD(Intelligence)

DefensePrisoner of

War/Missing Personnel

Office

DefenseTechnology

SecurityAdministration

Defense Technical

Information Center

DoD Organizational Structure OSD PSA Oversight of DoD Field Activities

•DirUSD

(Acquisition, Technology &

Logistics)

Office of Economic Adjustment

DoD TestResource

Management Center

Director, Administration

and Management

WashingtonHeadquarters

Services

USD(Personnel & Readiness)

TRICAREManagement

Activity

DoD HumanResources

Activity

ASD(Public Affairs)

DoD Field Activities: 11

USD(Policy)

DefenseMediaActivity

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Corporate Governance Framework

• The Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense establish, direct, and oversee Departmental governance councils and decision-making processes

• Decision authority rests with the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense– SecDef as CEO—strategic direction, policy, program, and resource priorities – Deputy Secretary as COO/CMO directs and integrates DoD planning and resource allocation consistent

with SD direction, and oversees management, business systems, and processes

• Defense Senior Leaders Conference (DSLC) – One of two most senior level advisory bodies to the Secretary; DoD Principals participate– Advises the Secretary on strategic issues; SLRG and COCOMs, usually 3x/year

• Senior Leader Review Group (SLRG)– Second of two most senior level advisory bodies to the Secretary– Senior civilian leadership team, as well as CJCS, VCJCS, and Service Chiefs

• Deputy’s Advisory Working Group (DAWG)– Most senior level advisory body to the Deputy Secretary; DoD Principal Deputies participate– Oversees and directs enterprise management and business issues

• Supporting Tier of Governance – Aligned with functional activities across the Department– Has representation in the SLRG and DAWG, and relies on civilian-military collaboration

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Corporate Processes Framework

• The Department has several DoD-level management processes for strategic and operational planning, capabilities development, and acquisition; for example:

• Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE) is the Department’s primary resource management process

– Links corporate strategic direction with lower level planning and execution– Incorporates outputs from secondary processes from across the Department

• PPBE is the engine that moves DoD decision-making along Executive Branch budgeting and Congressional appropriations cycles

• Fiscal Year (FY) 2009 is the last budget submitted to Congress by this Administration; FY 2010 and beyond will be amended by next Administration

Function Players / Partners Corporate Body Product / OutputPolicy, Strategy, and Plans USD(P) / J-5 Strategy and Plans Policy and Strategy Committee QDR Report, GDFRequirements USD(AT&L) / J-8 Requirements Joint Reqs Oversight Council (JROC) Joint force prioritiesResource allocation USD(C) / PA&E / J-8 Requirements 3-Star Group (Programmers / Ops Deps) JPG, President's BudgetForces employment USD(P&R) / J-3 Operations Global Force Management Board Deployment Orders

QDR – Quadrennial Defense Review GDF – Guidance for the Development of the Force JPG – Joint Programming Guidance

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Policy Framework DoD Directives System

• Establishes and maintains DoD policy framework– Codifies incumbent Secretary/Administration policies– Provides an authoritative baseline for change

• Includes ~1370 DoD Issuances (Directives, Instructions, and Pubs)– 475 are Directives; 549 are Instructions– Focus: Update the 251 Directives that pre-date current Admin by Dec

08

• Communicates the Secretary’s guidance– Delegations of authority and assignments of responsibility– Policy direction on specific matters– Prescribes relationships of and between OSD PSAs/DoD Comp Heads

• Provides the correlation between statutes and wiring diagrams– Statutes require interpretation and implementation– Wiring diagrams do not convey subject matter/relationships

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LeadershipSenior Leaders and Managers

• Political Appointees– Presidentially Appointed, Senate-confirmed (PAS) Officials;

• 49 PAS officials are senior level, corporate policy makers– Non-career Senior Executive Service (SES)

• ~90 Non-Career SES—principally in OSD and MilDep Hq Staffs

• Career SES– Career Reserved whose purpose is to ensure impartiality of the Government– General positions (most OSD positions are General SES)– ~1120 Career SES (344 in OSD)

• General Officers/Flag Officers (GO/FOs)– ~900 GO/FOs– 83% assigned to Military Departments – 13% to Joint Staff/COCOMs– Remainder: Defense Agencies, DoD Field Activities, and other organizations

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Key Advisory Boards to the Secretary

• DoD Federal Advisory Committees:– 26 active non-discretionary and 29 active discretionary– 3 of 6 new committees addressed in NDAA FY 2008 pending establishment– Total members: approximately 1800

• Three senior advisory boards directly support the Secretary of Defense:– Defense Policy Board USD(P) lead Members: 25– Defense Science Board USD(AT&L) lead Members: 35– Defense Business Board DepSec lead Members: 20

• Department advisory boards are independent entities, not subject to the direction or control of the Department.

• They are a source of significant expertise not otherwise available to the Department.

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Key Developments/Initiatives Organization & Management

• Transition Planning and Preparation

– SecDef established the governance structure via Directive and Memorandum in August 2008

– Senior Steering Group (SSG)• SecDef leads• DepSecDef, MilDep Secretaries, USDs, and VCJCS

– DoD Transition Task Force (TTF)• Mr. Robert Rangel - Head of DoD Transition• Mr. Tom Tesch - Director of TTF Staff• Transition Assistance Coordinators (TACs)

– Chairman’s New Administration Transition Team

– Lessons learned and overcoming challenges

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Key Developments/Initiatives Organization & Management (Cont’d)

Strengthen Joint Warfighting Capabilities

Transform Enterprise Management

Prevail in GWOT

Focus on People

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Key Developments/Initiatives Organization & Management (Cont’d)

• Deputy Chief Management Officer (DCMO)– Deputy Secretary of Defense serves as DoD CMO– DCMO is Presidentially-Appointed/Senate-Confirmed Official (III)– Military Departments: Under Secretaries are MilDep CMOs– Stand-up of the Office of the DCMO on 1 October 2008– Functions and responsibilities under development– Position to be filled by next Administration

• Special IG for Afghanistan Reconstruction– Presidential Appointee; retired USMC two-star appointed– Possesses IG authorities; reports to SecDef and SecState

• Other Activities/Initiatives - Illustrative: – OSD Principal Staff Assistant lead for law enforcement policy – Defense Security Service Future Options Study– Immediate Office Travel Study

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Core Take-Aways

• Policy Framework: Understand the DoD Directives System.

“Foundation of the Department.”

• Organization and Structure: Understand your organization’s status relative to the other DoD Components.

“Building blocks of the Department.”

• Customers: Know/understand your organizational customers.

“Internal and external customer satisfaction is key.”

• Cooperation and Collaboration: Building partnerships across organizational boundaries is crucial.

“The common defense is strengthened with aligned efforts.”

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Quotes on Organization

“The secret of all victory lies in the organization of the non-obvious.”

Emperor Marcus Aurelius

“The achievements of an organization are the results of the combined effort of each individual.”

Vince Lombardi

“Once an organization loses its spirit of pioneering and rests on its early work, its progress stops.”

Thomas J Watson

“We trained hard … but it seemed that every time we were beginning to form up into teams, we would be reorganized. I was to learn later in life that we tend to meet any new situation by reorganizing; and a wonderful method it can be for creating the illusion of progress while producing confusion, inefficiency, and demoralization.”

Petronius Arbiter, 210 B.C.

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Back Up

Outline

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Corporate Governance: Linking Corporate and Supporting Tiers

Principal DAWG Members *

Deputy Secretary of Defense, Vice Chairman JCS

Under Secretaries of Defense or Deputy

Military Department Under Secretaries

Service Vice Chiefs

Vice CDR USSOCOM

Principal SLRG Members*

Secretary of Defense, Chairman JCS

Deputy Secretary of Defense, Vice Chairman JCS

Under Secretaries of Defense

Military Department Secretaries

Service Chiefs

Principal DSLC Members

SLRG Members + COCOMs (meets 2-3 times per year)

JLB: Joint Logistics BoardJROC: Joint Requirements Oversight Council

(Statutory)MDEB: Missile Defense Executive BoardMHSER: Military Health System Executive ReviewNLCEMB: National Leadership Command Capability

Executive Management BoardNSPS: National Security Personnel SystemNWC: Nuclear Weapons Council (Statutory)OPSDEPS: Operations DeputiesPGC: Pentagon Governance CouncilPSC: Policy and Strategy CommitteeRP&ILC: Real Property and Installation Life Cycle

Investment Review Board SAPOC: Special Access Program Oversight

CommitteeSOC: Senior Oversight Committee for Wounded, Ill, or

InjuredSROC: Senior Readiness Oversight Council

*SLRG and DAWG normally includes a number of additional principal staff advisors

**Chairmanship rotates during the year between OSD PDUSD(P), PDUSD(C) and PA&E with DJS as permanent co-chair

Supporting Tier of Governance

3-Star: 3 Star ProgrammersC2CIB: Command & Control Capability Integration

BoardDAB: Defense Acquisition BoardDBSMC: Defense Business Systems Management

Committee (Statutory)DHRB: Defense Human Resources BoardDoD CIOEB: DoD Chief Information Officer’s

Executive BoardFMLC: Financial Management Leadership CouncilGFMB: Global Force Management BoardIO&SEC: Information Operations and Space

Executive CommitteeISRIC: Intelligence, Surveillance, and

Reconnaissance Integration Council (Statutory)ITAB: Information Technology Acquisition Board JCS: Joint Chiefs of Staff (Statutory) JIEDD: Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Senior Resource Steering GroupI&EDGB: Installations and Environmental Domain Governance Board

Senior Leader Review Group (SLRG) – Principals plus

Advised by DoD Principals, the Secretary as CEO:– Provides strategic direction– Reviews lower level decisions on an exception basis

JCS“The Tank”

Military AdviceDeputy’s Advisory Working Group (DAWG)

– Deputies plus

The Deputy Secretary as COO/CMO:– Oversees and directs enterprise management and business issues– Ensures integration of effort among DoD boards / councils– Ties together PPBE elements– Refers issues to SLRG as appropriate

Defense Senior Leaders Conference (DSLC)

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2001-2002– Principal Deputy Under Secretary for Personnel & Readiness – Defense Technology Security Administration – Missile Defense Agency; DoD Counterintelligence Field Activity; Pentagon Force Protection Agency– US Northern Command; merged US Strategic Command and US Space Command and assigned missions to new

US Strategic Command for: Global Strike, Missile Defense, C4ISR, and Information Operations– US Joint Forces Command of geographic responsibilities split between USEUCOM and USNORTHCOM

2003-2004– Under Secretary for Intelligence; Asst Sec for NII/DoD CIO; Asst Sec for Homeland Defense– All combatant commands directed to maintain Standing Joint Task Force core element– Syria, Lebanon, Seychelles Archipelago aligned to US Central Command– US Special Operations Command to lead planning/synchronization global operations against terrorist networks– US Joint Forces Command to lead integration of multinational and interagency warfighting transformation efforts

2005-2007– Business Transformation Agency– Congress approved 10th Assistant Secretary (ASD for Asian & Pacific Security Affairs)– US Strategic Command directed to lead and synchronize DoD efforts to combat WMD– US Special Operations Command designated as Special Operations Joint Forces Provider– Established Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization– Established US Africa Command– Established Defense Media Activity

Evolution of the Department: Selected DoD Component & Staff Element Changes