1 Cultural landscape in a bord er-island: A case study of Kinmen Islan d, Taiwan 簡簡簡 Chien, Hung-Ta (Taiwan) PhD Researcher, Joint Center for Urban Design
Dec 17, 2015
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Cultural landscape in a border-island:
A case study of Kinmen Island, Taiwan
簡宏達 Chien, Hung-Ta (Taiwan)
PhD Researcher, Joint Center for Urban Design
Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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The Falkland Islands
CyprusKinmen Island
Northern territory
Spratly Islands
Timor
New Guinea
Border-island
•Issues related to territory, sovereignty and natural resources etc.
•Types of disputed islands: Colonial islands; divided island; disputed neighboring countries (location of maritime boundary)
Disputed Island
Border-island
Landscape planning in a border-island
Crucial issue:
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IslandBorder-island
border-island
Disputed contexts;
The delimitation of international maritime boundary outside islands or international boundary inside islands
Island cultural landscape
Border-island cultural landscape
TransformationOverlapping of island and borderland
Border landscape?
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Border study
Frontier Border Boundary
Land boundary
Maritime boundary
Boundary in the air
Border landscape
Borderland
Boundary delimitation
?
?
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Four aspects of border landscape (Prescott 1987)
•Boundaries as features of the landscape
•Contrasting landscapes on opposite sides of the boundary
•The attitudes of border dwellers
•Borders and national policies
Border landscape (Mainly focus on land borderland)
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Bridge border landscape and disputed island
BoundaryBorderland
Border landscape
Land boundary
Island
Border-island
Border-island landscape
Maritime boundary
Island landscape
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Island landscape
•Air, island (land) and ocean(water)
Universal attraction of island
•Sun, sand and sea
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Border-island landscape
•Three-dimension sealed landscape:air, island and water body
•Maritime buffer zone landscape: status of surrounding water is changed
•Political landscape: landscape is reshaped for political ideology, value and establish the governing powers
•Nationalism landscape: to achieve national identity and loyalty
•Garrison landscape: territory ownership and national security
•Institutional boundaries divided landscape: ruling political power institutions, military facilities, relevant authorities of national policy
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Disputed (contested) history of Kinmen Island after 1949
1949-1958: Active military action frontline
1959-1979: Passive military action frontline
1980-2000: Deadlock garrison
2001-current: Cross-border testing
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Taiwan
Taipei
Kinmen
China
Politics
Economy
Society
Culture
Military occupation
Politics
Economy
Society
Culture
Power
Population
Invasion
Taiwan and Kinmen; Center and Periphery
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The authority system
The Kinmen National Park HeadquartersKinmen military
authority
Kinmen County government Relevant authority
of the ‘three mini links’ policy
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Concentrated garrison landscape
Shop-window landscape
Sandwich landscape
Landscape of fears
Sacred landscape
Landscape of abandonment
Vernacular landscape
Cross-border landscape
Borderland tourism landscape
Kinmen border-island landscape
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Shop-window landscape
Political Propaganda; shop-window of political ideology of Nationalist China; Frontage of Taiwan territory;
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Landscape of fears
•Fears of powers:
•Fears of dangerous environments: military facilities
•Fears of ghost
Sacred landscape
•Graveyard of dead serviceman
•Monuments and war memorial museum
•Local belief
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Landscape of abandonment
Abandoned residential buildings
and settlements
Abandoned military facilities
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Cross-border landscape2001: ‘Three Mini Links’ policy ( Kin-Xia Peace Bridge, water, electricity)
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The landscape planning of Kinmen Island
The planning for the divided, corridor-shaped and slotted-shape landscape
Divided landscape
Corridor-shaped landscape
Slotted-shaped landscape
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Conclusion
•The (disputed) border-island needs to be paid attention.
•The cultural landscape transformation of disputed border-island needs to be concerned.
•The cultural landscape of border-island needs to be studied with the applications and approaches of land border landscape.
•The landscape planning in border-island is very crucial and critical for living quality improvements of island under the influence of globalization.
•Kinmen is a particular case but not the unique example. The application and reference of Kinmen Island for further study on worldwide disputed islands
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Research Background
•Borderland is a worldwide issue, such as USA-Mexico,
•Border landscape study (House 1982, Minghi 1963, Prescott 1978 1987, Rumley and Minghi 1991)
•Land borderland is the focus of the boundary and border landscape studies
•The issue of island and international boundary (Maritime boundary)
•The awareness of the maritime boundary issue because of the delimitation of the maritime boundary
•Taiwan is a island country