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Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Insert Information Protection Policy Classification from Slide 13 1

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MySQL パフォーマンス機能 改善点紹介

日本オラクル株式会社

山崎 由章 / MySQL Senior Sales Consultant,

Asia Pacific and Japan

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以下の事項は、弊社の一般的な製品の方向性に関する概要を説明するものです。また、情報提供を唯一の目的とするものであり、いかなる契約にも組み込むことはできません。以下の事項は、マテリアルやコード、機能を提供することをコミットメント(確約)するものではないため、購買決定を行う際の判断材料になさらないで下さい。オラクル製品に関して記載されている機能の開発、リリースおよび時期については、弊社の裁量により決定されます。

OracleとJavaは、Oracle Corporation 及びその子会社、関連会社の米国及びその他の国における登録商標です。文中の社名、商品名等は各社の商標または登録商標である場合があります。

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アジェンダ

MySQL Cluster CGE 最新ベンチマーク結果

InnoDB と MyISAMの比較

MySQL 5.6での性能改善点

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MySQL Cluster 7.2 : 2月15日GA版リリース

読み取り/ 書き込み処理のスケーラビリティ

99.999%の可用性

非常に低いレイテンシ

SQLおよびNoSQLアクセスおよびスキーマの柔軟性

Web

• 大規模なOLTP • eコマース • ユーザー・プロファイル管理 • セッション管理およびキャッシング • コンテンツ管理 • オンライン・ゲーム

通信

• 加入者データベース(HLR / HSS) • サービス・デリバリー・プラット

フォーム • VAS: VoIP、IPTV および VoD • モバイル・コンテンツ配信 • モバイル決済 • LTEアクセス

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MySQL Cluster アーキテクチャ

データ・ノード

ノード・グループ1

F1

F3

F3

F1

ノード

1

ノード

2

ノード・グールプ 2

F2

F4

F4

F2

ノード

3

ノード

4

アプリケーション・ノード

クラスタ管理 クラスタ管理

REST

JPA

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4.3

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4.3

/ 1 Billion Updates per Minute

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MySQL Cluster ベンチマーク結果 7.1と比べて8倍の性能向上

1分間に10億回の読取り(SELECT) - 8x Intel Xeon x5670, NoSQL C++ API, flexAsynch benchmark

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

MySQL Cluster 7.1 MySQL Cluster 7.2

Re

ads

pe

r Se

con

d (

Mill

ion

s)

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MySQL Cluster ベンチマーク結果

1分間に43億回の読取り(SELECT) - 30x Intel Xeon E5-2670, NoSQL C++ API, flexAsynch benchmark

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0

5

10

15

20

25

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Mil

lio

ns

of

UP

DA

TE

s p

er

Se

co

nd

MySQL Cluster Data Nodes

MySQL Cluster ベンチマーク結果 非常に高いスケーラビリティ

1分間に12億回の書込み(UPDATE) - 30x Intel Xeon E5-2670, NoSQL C++ API, flexAsynch benchmark

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MySQL Cluster ベンチマーク結果

ホワイトペーパー:

MySQL Cluster ベンチマーク OracleとIntelによる共同テスト:分間10億件の更新処理性能

http://www-jp.mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers/mysql-cluster-benchmarks.php

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実例テストケース

0

20

40

60

80

100

MySQL Cluster 7.1 MySQL Cluster 7.2

クエリー実行時間 (秒)

70倍高速

87.23 秒

1.26 秒

Webベース・コンテンツ管理システム - 11テーブル、33,500行を結合(JOIN)

- 結果セット:2,060行、1行あたり19列を返す

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ベンチマークの詳細

データ

ノード1

データ

ノード 2

MySQLサーバー

http://clusterdb.com/u/70x

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アダプティブ・クエリー・ローカライゼーション 分散JOINスケーリング

• シャード間で複雑なクエリを実行

• JOIN処理をデータ・ノードに移行

• 並列実行

• 一つの結果セットをMySQLに戻す

• これまででは性能的に難しかった処理も

実行可能に

• リアルタイム分析

• レコメンデーション・エンジン

• クリックストリームを分析

mysqld

データ・ノード

mysqld

A

Q

L

データ・ノード

70倍以上の

パフォーマンス向上

機能性を犠牲にせず、スケールアウトを向上!!

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AQL – 使用方法

ndb_join_pushdown がONで有効(デフォルト)

結合(JOIN)を移行するためのルール: 1. 結合する列のタイプは全て完全に同じ

2. BLOBまたはTEXT列への参照なし

3. 明示的ロックなし 4. 結合内の子テーブルはref、eq_ref、またはconstを使用してアクセス

5. テーブルは[LINEAR] HASH、 LIST、または RANGEを使用して明示的に

パーティショニングされていない 6. クエリー・プランが ‘Using join buffer’ を選択していない

7. 結合のルートが eq_ref または const の場合、子テーブルは eq_refで結合

各テーブルに対し ANALYZE TABLE <tab-name> を実行

EXPLAIN を使用してどのコンポーネントが移行されるか確認: – Extra: Child of 'd' in pushed join@1

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InnoDB と MyISAMの 比較

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MyISAM ストレージエンジン(since 1994)

トランザクション非対応

キャッシュ

– インデックスのみ

– テーブルデータはファイルシステムのキャッシュを利用する

1つテーブルは、同時に複数の書込み処理を実行できない

– ボトルネックになりやすい点

– 回避策:delayed inserts、low priority

極めてシンプルで軽量なアーキテクチャ

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InnoDB ストレージエンジン(since 2001)

トランザクション対応 / UNDO

キャッシュ

– Buffer pool にインデックスもテーブルデータもキャッシュ

行レベルロック

マルチスレッド

外部キーのサポート

Auto recovery

ディスクベースのトランザクション対応ストレージエンジンの中で

最速のストレージエンジン

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ベンチマーク結果 : MySQL5.5 Sysbench OLTP_RO

InnoDBはMyISAMより4.6倍処理性能が高い Oracle Linux 5

AMD Opteron 6172

MySQL leveraging:

- 36 of 48 available CPU threads

- 2.1 GHz, 64GB RAM

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ベンチマーク結果 : MySQL5.5 Sysbench OLTP_RW

InnoDBはMyISAMより35倍処理性能が高い Oracle Linux 5

AMD Opteron 6172

MySQL leveraging:

- 36 of 48 available CPU threads

- 2.1 GHz, 64GB RAM

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ベンチマーク結果 : MySQL5.5 vs 5.6 Sysbench

MySQL5.6では、更に性能向上

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MySQL 5.6での 性能改善点

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InnoDB

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MySQL 5.6: InnoDB Better Performance, Scalability

多くのボトルネックを排除 (e.g. Split kernel mutex)

Read Only の処理に対する最適化

SSD 向けの最適化

可変ページサイズ(4, 8k)

neighbor pageのフラッシュを停止可能

UNDO領域の分離

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MySQL 5.6: InnoDB

Read Only の処理に対する最適化

- 同時実行性が高く、読込みが集中するWebアプリに最適

- 開発者が読込み専用トランザクションのオーバーヘッドを制御可能

SET autocommit = 1;

SELECT c FROM sbtest WHERE id=N;

SET autocommit = 0;

START TRANSACTION READ ONLY;

SELECT c FROM sbtest WHERE id=N;

COMMIT;

デフォルトの状態

読込み専用トランザクションを使用

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MySQL 5.6.7

Scales to 48 CPU Threads

Oracle Linux 6

Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7540 x86_64

MySQL leveraging:

- 48 of 96 available CPU threads

- 2 GHz, 512GB RAM

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

12 24 36 48

Tra

ns

ac

tio

ns

pe

r S

ec

on

d

CPU Threads

MySQL 5.6 Read Write (Linux)

MySQL 5.6 SysBench Benchmarks

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MySQL 5.6 SysBench Benchmarks

MySQL 5.6.7

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

12 24 36 48

Tra

ns

ac

tio

ns

pe

r S

ec

on

d

CPU Threads

MySQL 5.6 Read Only (Linux)

Oracle Linux 6

Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7540 x86_64

MySQL leveraging:

- 48 of 96 available CPU threads

- 2 GHz, 512GB RAM Scales to 48 CPU Threads

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MySQL 5.6 SysBench Benchmarks

MySQL 5.5.28

MySQL 5.6.7

Up to 151% Performance Gain

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

32 64 128 256 512

Tra

ns

ac

tio

ns

pe

r S

ec

on

d

Connections

MySQL 5.6 vs. 5.5 - Read Write (Linux)

Oracle Linux 6

Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7540 x86_64

MySQL leveraging:

- 48 of 96 available CPU threads

- 2 GHz, 512GB RAM

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MySQL 5.6 SysBench Benchmarks

MySQL 5.6.7

Up to 234% Performance Gain

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

32 64 128 256 512

Tra

nsacti

on

s p

er

Seco

nd

Connections

MySQL 5.6 vs. 5.5 - Read Only (Linux)

MySQL 5.5.28

Oracle Linux 6

Intel(R) Xeon(R) E7540 x86_64

MySQL leveraging:

- 48 of 96 available CPU threads

- 2 GHz, 512GB RAM

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Optimizer

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MySQL 5.6: Optimizer

LIMIT句で少数のレコードを取得する際のファイル・ソートを最適化

4倍の実行速度 – 40秒から10秒に短縮

インデックス条件のプッシュダウン

実行速度向上 – 15秒から90ミリ秒に短縮

バッチ・キー・アクセスとマルチ・レンジ・リード

実行速度向上 – 2000秒から10秒に短縮

FROMからのビュー/サブクエリの実データ取得を遅延

EXPLAINに対する実行時間を240倍向上 – 8分から2秒に短縮

サブクエリの最適化

実行速度向上 – 日単位から秒単位に短縮

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0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 5

50

500

5000

1225

9.63

2821

No BKA

BKA

Join Buffer Size (MB)

Que

ry Tim

e (秒

)

MySQL 5.6: Optimizer バッチ・キー・アクセス(BKA)およびマルチ・レンジ・リード (MRR)

ディスクアクセスの多いJOINクエリのパフォーマンスを向上

MRR + BKA無しの

実行時間

MRR + BKA有りの実行時間

DBT3 Q3: "Customer Distribution Query"

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MySQL 5.5: MRRが無い場合のデータアクセス

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MySQL 5.6: MRRを使った場合のデータアクセス

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MySQL 5.6: 通常のNested Loop Join

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MySQL 5.6: Batched Key Access(BKA)

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参考資料

MySQL Cluster ベンチマーク OracleとIntelによる共同テスト:分間10億件の更新処理性能

http://www-jp.mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers/mysql-cluster-benchmarks.php

MySQL 5.5: Storage Engine Performance Benchmark for MyISAM and InnoDB

http://www.mysql.com/why-mysql/white-papers/mysql_5.5_perf_myisam_innodb.php

What‘s New in MySQL Server 5.6

http://www.myexpospace.com/oracle2012/SessionFiles/CON8377_PDF_8377_0001.pdf

New Optimizer Features in MySQL 5.6

http://www.myexpospace.com/oracle2012/SessionFiles/CON8979_PDF_8979_0001.pdf

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The world's most popular open source database

世界で最も普及しているオープンソース データベース

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