1 Cohort Graduation Rate October 1, 2010 Jonathan Wiens and Sara Berscheit Office of Assessment and Information Services Oregon Department of Education.

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Cohort Cohort Graduation Graduation

RateRateOctober 1, 2010

Jonathan Wiens and Sara BerscheitOffice of Assessment and Information Services

Oregon Department of Education

Longitudinal Longitudinal Data SystemsData Systems

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Longitudinal DataLongitudinal Data

The implementation of the Secure Student The implementation of the Secure Student Identifier system in 2004-05 allowed Oregon to Identifier system in 2004-05 allowed Oregon to begin following individual students over multiple begin following individual students over multiple years – creating a longitudinal data system.years – creating a longitudinal data system.

This also allows us to follow This also allows us to follow cohortscohorts of students of students through time. through time.

This allows us to look at data in a new way:This allows us to look at data in a new way:– Changes in individual students test scores from year to Changes in individual students test scores from year to

year (Growth Model)year (Growth Model)– Student outcomes over multiple years (e.g., graduation, Student outcomes over multiple years (e.g., graduation,

dropout, special populations membership)dropout, special populations membership)

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Historic Graduation RateHistoric Graduation Rate Oregon used the modified National Center Oregon used the modified National Center

for Education Statistics (NCES) graduation for Education Statistics (NCES) graduation rate in AYP and Report Card.rate in AYP and Report Card.

It was based on a single year of dropout It was based on a single year of dropout and graduation data:and graduation data:

It did not take into account other student It did not take into account other student outcomes.outcomes.

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DropoutsGraduatesGraduates

Rate NCES

Cohort Graduation RatesCohort Graduation Rates

The Class of 2009 was the first group The Class of 2009 was the first group of students that we could follow from of students that we could follow from 88thth grade through graduation. grade through graduation.

This was the first group of students This was the first group of students for which we could produce a reliable for which we could produce a reliable cohort cohort graduation rate.graduation rate.

We can determine the final status of We can determine the final status of all students to get a clearer picture all students to get a clearer picture of student outcomes.of student outcomes.

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Graduation Graduation CohortsCohorts

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What is a Cohort?What is a Cohort? A cohort is a set of students who first enter A cohort is a set of students who first enter

high school during a particular school high school during a particular school year.year.

We label cohorts by the school year they We label cohorts by the school year they started ninth grade.started ninth grade.– Example: the “0506” cohort is the set of Example: the “0506” cohort is the set of

students who first entered 9students who first entered 9thth grade during the grade during the 2005-06 school year. This was the graduating 2005-06 school year. This was the graduating class of 2009.class of 2009.

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High School Entry Year RulesHigh School Entry Year Rules

A student’s first year in high school is A student’s first year in high school is called his/her High School Entry Year.called his/her High School Entry Year.

HS Entry Year is based on the first year HS Entry Year is based on the first year the student was enrolled in a high school the student was enrolled in a high school grade (9-12).grade (9-12).

For most students this is their 9For most students this is their 9thth grade grade school year.school year.

The high school entry year determines the The high school entry year determines the student’s cohort for graduation rate student’s cohort for graduation rate purposes.purposes.

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High School Entry Year RulesHigh School Entry Year Rules Students who repeat a grade in high Students who repeat a grade in high

school do not have their Entry Year school do not have their Entry Year changed.changed.

Entry Year does not change when a Entry Year does not change when a student transfers between schools or student transfers between schools or districts.districts.

Students who transfer from out of state Students who transfer from out of state have their Entry Year based on their first have their Entry Year based on their first year in high school in the other state or year in high school in the other state or country.country.

High School Entry Year in SSIDHigh School Entry Year in SSID

High School Entry year is now a field in High School Entry year is now a field in SSID.SSID.

In Fall 2009 ODE filled this field for high In Fall 2009 ODE filled this field for high school students, based on an examination school students, based on an examination of ADM, completer and early leaver date of ADM, completer and early leaver date for each student.for each student.

Districts were allowed to edit the field Districts were allowed to edit the field through February 2010, and is now through February 2010, and is now “locked.”“locked.”

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High School Entry Year EditsHigh School Entry Year Edits

The HS Entry Year field can now be changed The HS Entry Year field can now be changed only under very limited circumstances.only under very limited circumstances.

The first time SSID is updated to include a The first time SSID is updated to include a high school grade the district must submit high school grade the district must submit an Entry Year with the record.an Entry Year with the record.

The field is locked immediately.The field is locked immediately. Changes can be made only through an Changes can be made only through an

appeal to ODE.appeal to ODE.

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What is a Cohort What is a Cohort Graduation Rate?Graduation Rate?

A cohort graduation rate is the A cohort graduation rate is the percent of students in a particular percent of students in a particular cohort that graduate in a particular cohort that graduate in a particular time frame (e.g., four years).time frame (e.g., four years).

The rates requires us to know when The rates requires us to know when students first entered high school students first entered high school (i.e., the cohort the student belongs (i.e., the cohort the student belongs to).to).

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What Cohort Rates What Cohort Rates will ODE produce?will ODE produce?

We produced a four year cohort in May We produced a four year cohort in May 2010.2010.

In Spring 2011 we will produce:In Spring 2011 we will produce:– A four-year cohort graduation rate (for A four-year cohort graduation rate (for

the Class of 2010)the Class of 2010)– A five-year cohort graduation rate (for A five-year cohort graduation rate (for

the Class of 2009)the Class of 2009)

Cohort Graduation Cohort Graduation Rates PolicyRates Policy

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Federal PolicyFederal Policy

The U.S. Department of Education has required The U.S. Department of Education has required that states develop cohort graduation rates by that states develop cohort graduation rates by the 2010-11 school year.the 2010-11 school year.

Cohort rates must be included on 2010-11 school Cohort rates must be included on 2010-11 school report cards.report cards.

Disaggregated cohort rates must be used in Disaggregated cohort rates must be used in 2011-12 AYP determinations.2011-12 AYP determinations.

Federal regulations and guidance are detailed Federal regulations and guidance are detailed and prescriptive. Oregon has followed these and prescriptive. Oregon has followed these regulations in developing our cohort graduation regulations in developing our cohort graduation rate calculations.rate calculations.

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Cohorts RulesCohorts Rules

Early graduates in a cohort are “banked” Early graduates in a cohort are “banked” and reported with their cohort.and reported with their cohort.

Students who graduate after the end of Students who graduate after the end of the time period are counted as non-the time period are counted as non-completerscompleters– Example: A student who graduates in his/her Example: A student who graduates in his/her

fifth year would be a non-graduate in a four-fifth year would be a non-graduate in a four-year cohort rate, but a graduate in a five-year year cohort rate, but a graduate in a five-year rate.rate.

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Cohorts RulesCohorts Rules

The cohort rate includes adult high school The cohort rate includes adult high school diplomas, modified diplomas, GEDs and diplomas, modified diplomas, GEDs and non-dropout, non-completers in its non-dropout, non-completers in its denominator as denominator as non-graduatesnon-graduates. .

Federal guidance specifically forbids Federal guidance specifically forbids “cohort reassignment” based on IEP or LEP “cohort reassignment” based on IEP or LEP status.status.

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Subgroup MembershipSubgroup Membership

Race/Ethnicity/GenderRace/Ethnicity/Gender– Based on student outcome record (or last Based on student outcome record (or last

enrollment record).enrollment record).

Students with disabilities, economically Students with disabilities, economically disadvantaged, limited English proficient, disadvantaged, limited English proficient, migrant, TAGmigrant, TAG– Based on whether the student was classified in Based on whether the student was classified in

these subgroups at any time during high these subgroups at any time during high schoolschool

Students with Disabilities Students with Disabilities SubgroupSubgroup

DefinitionDefinition All students All students served by special educationserved by special education programs programs

during during any school yearany school year in which the student was in which the student was enrolled in a high school gradeenrolled in a high school grade..

Steps to identify the subgroupSteps to identify the subgroup A list of SSIDs is created, of students considered A list of SSIDs is created, of students considered

Students with Disabilities, from the Special Students with Disabilities, from the Special Education Data CollectionsEducation Data Collections

Students included in the Cohort, who are also on Students included in the Cohort, who are also on the Students with Disabilities list, are counted in the Students with Disabilities list, are counted in the Students with Disabilities subgroup.the Students with Disabilities subgroup.

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Students with Disabilities Students with Disabilities Subgroup – Data CollectionsSubgroup – Data Collections

Special Education Child CountSpecial Education Child Count All school-age students reported as eligible and receiving services. All school-age students reported as eligible and receiving services.

Cohort uses the SECC collections applicable to the years the Cohort uses the SECC collections applicable to the years the student was enrolled in high school.student was enrolled in high school.

Special Education June ExitSpecial Education June Exit All school-age students reported as exiting special education All school-age students reported as exiting special education

services. Cohort uses the collections applicable to the years the services. Cohort uses the collections applicable to the years the student was enrolled in high school.student was enrolled in high school.

Special Education Child FindSpecial Education Child Find This collection was not used in the cohort calculations.This collection was not used in the cohort calculations.

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Cohort Graduation Cohort Graduation Rate CalculationsRate Calculations

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Cohort ProcessCohort Process

Determine students who first entered high Determine students who first entered high school in a given school year.school in a given school year.

Determine each student’s final outcome.Determine each student’s final outcome. Assign the students to their last resident Assign the students to their last resident

district and high school.district and high school. Remove student who transferred out.Remove student who transferred out. Among those that remain, calculate the Among those that remain, calculate the

percent who graduated with a regular percent who graduated with a regular diploma in the time allowed.diploma in the time allowed.

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Unadjusted CohortsUnadjusted Cohorts

The The Unadjusted State Cohort Unadjusted State Cohort consists of consists of all students that:all students that:

enrolled in a high school grade in an enrolled in a high school grade in an Oregon school district, and Oregon school district, and

first entered high school in during the first entered high school in during the cohort entry year in any school inside or cohort entry year in any school inside or outside Oregon.outside Oregon.

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Unadjusted CohortsUnadjusted CohortsAn An unadjusted cohort for District A unadjusted cohort for District A is comprised of is comprised of

all student that are: all student that are: Members of the unadjusted state cohort; and Members of the unadjusted state cohort; and whose last enrollment at a district in Oregon was whose last enrollment at a district in Oregon was

District A.District A. This includes students that transfer into the district This includes students that transfer into the district

after their 9after their 9thth grade year. grade year.An An unadjusted cohort for School B unadjusted cohort for School B is comprised of is comprised of

all student that are: all student that are: Members of the unadjusted district cohort whose last Members of the unadjusted district cohort whose last

enrollment at a high school within District A was at enrollment at a high school within District A was at School B.School B.

Note: Resident school and district are always used to Note: Resident school and district are always used to determine enrollment. determine enrollment.

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Student OutcomesStudent OutcomesAll students in the unadjusted state/district cohort All students in the unadjusted state/district cohort

are assigned an outcome:are assigned an outcome:1.1. Graduate: regular high school diploma.Graduate: regular high school diploma.2.2. Exempt: Transfer, move to home schooling, Exempt: Transfer, move to home schooling,

emigrate, or are deceased.emigrate, or are deceased.3.3. Other Completers: Received an Adult High School Other Completers: Received an Adult High School

Diploma, Modified Diploma, Extended Diploma, Diploma, Modified Diploma, Extended Diploma, GED, or Alternative Certificate.GED, or Alternative Certificate.

4.4. Continuing enrollment in the following year.Continuing enrollment in the following year.5.5. Completed four/five years without a credential and Completed four/five years without a credential and

did not return.did not return.6.6. Withdrew from school prior to the end of the Withdrew from school prior to the end of the

four/five-year window.four/five-year window.

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Exempt StudentsExempt Students

We remove students from an institution’s We remove students from an institution’s cohort if they:cohort if they:

Transfer to another public high school in Transfer to another public high school in Oregon;Oregon;

Transfer to a private school;Transfer to a private school; Leave for home schooling;Leave for home schooling; Transfer to a high school in another state;Transfer to a high school in another state; Emigrate; orEmigrate; or Are deceased.Are deceased.

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Who is NOT exempted?Who is NOT exempted?

The following situations do NOT exempt a The following situations do NOT exempt a student from an institution:student from an institution:

Transfer to an alternative program within Transfer to an alternative program within the district;the district;

Transfer to a JDEP.Transfer to a JDEP.

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Adjusted CohortsAdjusted CohortsThe Adjusted cohort for a school or district The Adjusted cohort for a school or district

consists of the unadjusted cohort minus consists of the unadjusted cohort minus those students who are Exempt. Please those students who are Exempt. Please note:note:

Adjusted cohorts include those students Adjusted cohorts include those students who transfer into the school or district who transfer into the school or district after 9after 9thth grade. grade.

Students who drop out before the end of Students who drop out before the end of their 12their 12thth grade year are retained in the grade year are retained in the cohort.cohort.

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Who is exempted?Who is exempted?

We remove students from an institution’s cohort if We remove students from an institution’s cohort if they:they:

Transfer to another public high school in Oregon;Transfer to another public high school in Oregon; Transfer to a private school;Transfer to a private school; Leave for home schooling;Leave for home schooling; Transfer to a high school in another state;Transfer to a high school in another state; Emigrate; orEmigrate; or Are deceased.Are deceased.

Note: These outcomes must be the last event for Note: These outcomes must be the last event for the student.the student.

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Calculating a Calculating a Cohort Graduation RateCohort Graduation Rate

Cohort Graduation Rates are calculated as:Cohort Graduation Rates are calculated as:

Four-Year Rate:Four-Year Rate:

Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received regular diplomas the summer of their 4regular diplomas the summer of their 4thth year year

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Number of students in the adjusted cohortNumber of students in the adjusted cohort

Five Year Rate:Five Year Rate:

Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received regular diplomas the summer of their 5regular diplomas the summer of their 5thth year year

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Number of students in the adjusted cohortNumber of students in the adjusted cohort

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AYP for 2010-11AYP for 2010-11

Schools can meet AYP graduation if:Schools can meet AYP graduation if: The school meets the 65% target for the The school meets the 65% target for the

four-year rate;four-year rate; The school meets the 70% target for the The school meets the 70% target for the

five-year rate; ORfive-year rate; OR The school shows improvement in its four The school shows improvement in its four

year rate.year rate.

Beginning with 2011-12 subgroups will also Beginning with 2011-12 subgroups will also need to meet graduation.need to meet graduation.

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InformationInformation

Cohort Graduation Rate web page: Cohort Graduation Rate web page: http://www.ode.state.or.us/search/page/?id=2644

For more information on the Cohort Graduation For more information on the Cohort Graduation Rate, contacts are:Rate, contacts are:

Brian Lindsley (primary contact)Brian Lindsley (primary contact)

email: email: [email protected]

phone: 503-947-5928phone: 503-947-5928

Jon Wiens Jon Wiens

email: email: [email protected]

phone: 503 947-5764phone: 503 947-5764