1 Chapter Overview Managing Compression Managing Disk Quotas Increasing Security with EFS Using Disk Defragmenter, Check Disk, and Disk Cleanup.

1

Chapter Overview

Managing Compression Managing Disk Quotas Increasing Security with EFS Using Disk Defragmenter, Check Disk,

and Disk Cleanup

2

Introduction to Windows XP Professional Compression Microsoft Windows XP Professional supports

two types of compression. The Compressed Folders feature

You can use this feature to create a compressed folder.

All files you store in that folder are compressed. NTFS compressed files and folders

You can use this feature to compress files and folders or an entire drive.

The drive must be formatted with NT file system (NTFS).

Each file and folder has a compression state that is either compressed or uncompressed.

3

Using Compressed Folders

4

Benefits of Compressed Folders You can create and use compressed folders on

file allocation table (FAT), FAT32, or NTFS volumes.

You can open files and run some programs directly from the compressed folders.

You can copy or move these compressed folders. Compressed folders are compatible with other

zip programs. You can encrypt compressed folders that you

created with this feature. You can compress folders without decreasing

performance.

5

Using NTFS Compressed Files and Folders

Operating systems and applications can read and write compressed files.

NTFS uncompresses the file before making it available.

NTFS compresses the file when you exit or explicitly save the file.

NTFS allocates disk space based on the uncompressed file size.

6

Compressing Files and Folders Using NTFS Compression

7

Compressing a Drive or Volume Using NTFS Compression

8

Displaying NTFS Compressed Files and Folders in a Different Color

9

Copying and Moving Compressed Files and Folders

10

NTFS Compression Guidelines

Base your selection of file types to compress on the anticipated resulting file size.

Do not store compressed files, such as PKZIP files, in an NTFS compressed folder.

Windows XP Professional automatically uses a different display color for compressed files.

Compress static data rather than data that changes frequently.

Do not compress files that you copy and move frequently.

11

Understanding Disk Quota Management

Tracks and controls disk usage on a per-user, per-volume basis

Bases disk usage on file and folder ownership

Ignores compression when calculating disk usage

Calculates free space for applications based on the user’s quota limit

12

System Administrator Use of Disk Quotas

To specify the amount of disk space for each user

To set a warning to log an event when a user is nearing the limit

To deny users access if they exceed their limit

To log an event when a user exceeds a specified disk space threshold

13

Setting Disk Quotas

14

Determining the Status of Disk Quotas

Red traffic light: disk quotas are not enabled

Yellow traffic light: disk quota information is being rebuilt

Green traffic light: the disk quota system is active

15

Monitoring Disk Quotas with the Quota Entries For Dialog Box

16

Guidelines for Using Disk Quotas Log on as Administrator to install additional

Windows XP Professional components and applications.

Clear the Deny Disk Space To Users Exceeding Quota Limit check box.

Set restrictive default limits for all users, and then modify them to allow more disk space if needed.

Share disk space appropriately among all users who share the computer.

Set disk quotas on shared volumes, on public folders, and on network servers.

Delete disk quota entries for a user who no longer stores files on a volume.

17

Understanding EFS Microsoft Encrypting File System (EFS) lets you

encrypt files on NTFS volumes. EFS lets users with roaming profiles use the

same key with trusted remote systems. EFS lets you

Copy, move, or rename files, which remain encrypted Set policies to recover EFS-encrypted data when

necessary EFS can be implemented either from Windows

Explorer or from the command line. EFS can be disabled for a computer, domain, or

organizational unit (OU) by using Group Policy.

18

EFS Features

Transparent encryption Strong protection of encryption keys Integral data recovery system Secure temporary and paging files

19

Encrypting Files and Folders To encrypt files, place them in an

encrypted NTFS folder. Compressed files cannot be encrypted,

and encrypted files cannot be compressed. A file is encrypted by using file encryption

keys. All file encryption keys are stored and

encrypted in the file header. By default, encryption provided by EFS is

56-bit encryption.

20

Decrypting Files and Folders

21

Using the Cipher Command

Cipher [/e | /d] [/s:folder_name] [/a] [/i] [/f] [/q] [/h] [/k] [file_name […]]

22

Using the Recovery Agent A recovery agent can help if a user loses the file

encryption certificate and associated private key.

The local computer administrator is the default recovery agent.

The domain administrator is the default recovery agent for the computers in a domain.

The recovery agent can open a file using his or her own private key if the owner’s private key is not available.

The recovery agent can be on another computer in the network.

23

Disabling EFS

You can disable EFS for a domain, OU, or computer by applying an empty Encrypted Data Recovery Agent policy setting or by deleting the existing recovery agents.

EFS uses the recovery agents listed in the Encrypted Data Recovery Agents Group Policy agent.

If the Encrypted Data Recovery Agent policy setting is empty, EFS does not operate.

24

Defragmenting Disks

Windows XP Professional saves files and folders in the first available space.

Defragmenting finds and consolidates fragmented files and folders.

Disk Defragmenter moves the pieces of each file or folder to a single contiguous space.

Disk Defragmenter can defragment FAT, FAT32, and NTFS volumes.

25

The Disk Defragmenter Window

26

Using Disk Defragmenter Effectively

Defragment when the system will receive the least use.

Educate users to defragment at least once a month.

Analyze and defragment the target volume before installing large applications.

When you delete a large number of files or folders, defragment your hard disk.

27

Using Check Disk

Check Disk attempts to repair file system errors.

Check Disk locates bad sectors and recovers readable information.

All files must be closed to run Check Disk.

28

Check Disk Dialog Box Options Automatically Fix File System Errors

This specifies whether file-system errors found during disk checking will attempt to be repaired.

All files must be closed for this program to run. Scan For And Attempt Recovery Of Bad

Sectors This specifies whether file-system errors found

during disk checking will attempt to be repaired, bad sectors will be located, and readable information recovered.

All files must be closed for this program to run.

29

Check Disk Command-Line Version

Chkdsk [volume[[path] filename]] [/f] [/v] [/r] [/x] [/i] [/c] [/l [:size]]

30

Using Disk Cleanup

31

The More Options Tab of Disk Cleanup

32

Chapter Summary You can create compressed folders on

FAT and NTFS volumes. You can view the contents of, open files

from, and encrypt compressed folders. You can copy or move compressed

folders. Compressed folders are compatible with

other zip programs. NTFS compression lets you compress

files and folders only on NTFS volumes.

33

Chapter Summary (Cont.) Disk quotas let you manage and allocate hard

disk space usage. EFS lets users encrypt files to make them

more secure. Disk Defragmenter moves pieces of each file

and folder to a contiguous location. Check Disk attempts to repair file system

errors and to recover readable information from bad sectors.

Disk Cleanup frees up disk space by deleting temporary files and uninstalling programs.