1 An economic assessment of the An economic assessment of the amenity benefits associated amenity benefits associated with alternative coastal with alternative coastal defence options. defence options. Dr Mike Christie and Oliver Colman Dr Mike Christie and Oliver Colman University of Wales Aberystwyth University of Wales Aberystwyth
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1 An economic assessment of the amenity benefits associated with alternative coastal defence options. Dr Mike Christie and Oliver Colman University of.
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An economic assessment of the amenity An economic assessment of the amenity benefits associated with alternative benefits associated with alternative
coastal defence options.coastal defence options.Dr Mike Christie and Oliver ColmanDr Mike Christie and Oliver Colman
University of Wales AberystwythUniversity of Wales Aberystwyth
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Current coastal defenceCurrent coastal defence
Wooden groynes – now at end of their useful life
Seawall
Shingle bank
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New ‘traditional’ coastal defence New ‘traditional’ coastal defence options for Borthoptions for Borth
Replace wooden groynesReplace wooden groynes
Rock groynesRock groynes
Raise height of seawallRaise height of seawall
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An alternative coastal defence option: An alternative coastal defence option: multi-purpose reefmulti-purpose reef
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Research aim and methodResearch aim and method
Aim: To examine local residents AMENITY Aim: To examine local residents AMENITY values for alternative coastal defence values for alternative coastal defence options. options.
Visual timber groyne: negativeVisual timber groyne: negative Visual rock groyne: negativeVisual rock groyne: negative Visual reef: positiveVisual reef: positive
Family amenity: positiveFamily amenity: positive
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Key observationsKey observations
‘‘Seawall’ and ‘improved surf were insignificantSeawall’ and ‘improved surf were insignificant
Seawall – Upper Borth interaction is significant: Seawall – Upper Borth interaction is significant: Lower Borth want generally want sea wallLower Borth want generally want sea wall Upper Borth don’t.Upper Borth don’t.
Improved surf – Surfer interaction is significant:Improved surf – Surfer interaction is significant: Surf conditions now significant for surfers, who want Surf conditions now significant for surfers, who want
improved surfimproved surf Non-surfers still insignificantNon-surfers still insignificant
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Amenity value associated with Amenity value associated with coastal protection proposals at Borthcoastal protection proposals at Borth
Coastal defence option Compensating surplus value
(£ per household)
Replace existing groynes with timber groynes0
Replace existing groynes with rock groynes-8.84
Replace existing groynes with a multi-purpose reef (excluding surf improvements) 98.5
Replace existing groynes with a multi-purpose reef (including surf improvements) 171.04
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ConclusionsConclusions
The multi-purpose reef option provides The multi-purpose reef option provides significant amenity benefits over traditional significant amenity benefits over traditional coastal defence options.coastal defence options.
Mixed views with regard to raising the Mixed views with regard to raising the seawall.seawall.
Policy makers should consider non-market Policy makers should consider non-market values in coastal defence proposals in the values in coastal defence proposals in the future.future.