Speech-Turn Dynamics in a Longitudinal Corpus of Child-Caregiver Interactions Ethan Weed 1 , Riccardo Fusaroli 1 , Jonas Tranbjerg 1 , Deborah Fein 2, Letitia Naigles 2 (1) Aarhus University, (2) University of Connecticut What did we want to learn? Speech turns provide a rhythmic structure for language-learning, and reflect social awareness. We asked: 1. Is the timing of speech turns different between parents and TD or ASD children? 2. How does symptom severity moderate the temporal dynamics of speech-turn behavior? 3. How does symptom severity moderate how speakers adapt to each other's timing? What were the data? Spontaneous speech in caregiver-child dyads: * 35 with ASD (MA = 33 months) * 32 TD (initially-language-matched MA = 20 months) * 6 visits of 30 minutes over 2 years (Goodwin et al, 2012) What did we measure? How did we model the data? We used linear mixed effects models to model the effects of diagnosis, time within and across conversations, and clinical features on speech-turn duration and inter-turn latency. We then modeled the effects of these variables on speakers' mutual adaptation. All continuous variables were centered and standardized. Duration and inter-turn latency were log-transformed to ensure normality of residuals. What were the main findings? 1. Speech-turn timing differs between TD and ASD / parent dyads in a complex fashion. 2. Speech-turn timing is moderated by language (MSEL-EL), Socialization (Vineland), and ADOS. 3. Adults' adaptation behavior was largely unaffected by symptom severity in the child. Inter-turn latency Inter-turn latency Inter- Inter- turn turn latency latency Over Over Conversation Conversation Over Over Visits Visits Within Within conversation: conversation: ASD ASD Within Within conversation: conversation: Socialization Socialization Within Within conversation: conversation: MSEL-EL MSEL-EL ADOS ADOS Children ↓ (B=–0.01, SE=0.006, p=0.08) ↑(B=0.029, SE=0.01, p=0.0267) ↓(B=–0.08, SE=0.03, p=0.027) ↑(B=0.012, SE=0.006,p=0.048 ↓ var (B=0.02, SE=0.008, p=0.0036) ↓(B=– 0.004, SE=0.001, p=0.0005) Parents ↓ (B–0.02, SE=0.01, p=0.38) No effect ↓(B=–0.24, SE=0.03, p<0.001) ↑(B=0.1, SE=0.03, p=0.008) ↑(B=0.05, SE=0.02, p=0.02). ↓ (B=– 0.02, SE=0.005, p<0.001) Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4 Visit 5 Visit 6 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 Time Latency (Sec) Speaker Child Parent Latency in TD dyads Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4 Visit 5 Visit 6 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 Time Latency (Sec) Speaker Child Parent Latency in ASD dyads Adaptation: Children to Parents Adaptation: Children to Parents Duration Duration Inter- Inter- turn turn Latency Latency ASD ASD Socialization Socialization MSEL-EL MSEL-EL ADOS ADOS Children → Parents (B=0.02, SE=0.007, p=0.002) (B=–0– 02, SE=0.007, p=0.0012) Dur: (B=0.015, SE=0.0007, p=0.04) Lat: (B=–0.014, SE=0.004, p=0.00019) Dur: (B=0.02, SE=0.006, p=0.0033), Lat: NS Dur: (B=0.015, SE=0.004, p=0.00021, Lat: NS Dur: NS, Lat: NS Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4 Visit 5 Visit 6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 Time Duration (Sec) Speaker Child Parent Duration in ASD dyads Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4 Visit 5 Visit 6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 Time Duration (Sec) Speaker Child Parent Duration in TD dyads Duration Duration Time over Time over conversation conversation Time Time over over visit visit Within Within conversation: conversation: ASD ASD Within Within conversation: conversation: Socialization Socialization Within Within conversation: conversation: MSEL-EL MSEL-EL Within Within conversation: conversation: ADOS ADOS Children ↑(B=0.01, SE=0.005, p=0.014) No effect No effect ↓var (B=– 0.016, SE=0.007, p=0.0248) No ↑ slope (B=0.003, SE=0.001, p=0.01) Parents ↑(B=0.02, SE=0.005, p<0.001) ↑(B=0.07, SE=0.01, p<0.001) ↓ (B=009, SE=0.03, p=0.01) ↑ slope (B=0.025, SE=0.01, p=0.045) (B=0.06, SE= 0.02, p=0.008) ↓ (B=–0.004, SE=0.001, p<0.01) Adaptation: Parents to Children Adaptation: Parents to Children Duration Duration Inter-turn Inter-turn Latency Latency ASD ASD Socialization Socialization MSEL- MSEL- EL EL ADOS ADOS Parents → Children Dur: NS, Lat: NS (B=–0.01, SE=0.003, p=0.001) Dur: NS, Lat: NS Dur: NS, Lat: NS Dur: NS, Lat: NS Dur: NS, Lat: (B=– 0.014, SE=0.005, p=0.008) This work was supported by an Interacting Minds Seed Funding grant