1 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Content Delivery Solutions Fabrice Serey [email protected] Zagreb 23/09/02
Dec 26, 2015
1© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cisco Content DeliverySolutions
Fabrice [email protected]
Zagreb 23/09/02
Agenda
• What is CDN ?
• Content Switches and their applications in Data Centers.
• Caching or how to increase end users response time.
• IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming solution
• Conclusion
33© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3
Overcomes Performance Bottlenecks
Peering Point Congestion
Origin Server Scalability,Speed of Light
Internet Backbone Cross-Internetconnections
PremisesNetwork
Local Loop
T1, DSL, Cable Modem
Dial-up10 Mb to 1 Gb
EthernetGigabit Optical Network
Peering Capacity,ISP Network Capacity
Last Mile Bandwidth
“Middle Mile”
44© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4
CDN definition
Major incumbent PTT operator
“CDNs accelerate the delivery of Web contents by solving access and congestion problems. They open the way to new high-rate service (audiovisual applications, games). After first being only dedicated to Internet, CDNs have now spread to the market of multi-site companies and companies implementing high rate services on their Intranet.”
55© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5
5 Key Elements of Content Networks
Content ServicesContent Services
Content Delivery Content Delivery
Network ManagementNetwork Management
Content SwitchingContent Switching
Content RoutingContent Routing
Content Content
Distribution & DeliveryDistribution & Delivery
Agenda
• CDN technical introduction.
• Content Switches and their applications in data centers.
• Caching or how to increase end users response time.
• IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming solution
• Conclusion
77© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 7
InternetInternet
Traditional Load Balancing : DNS round robin
WebServer Farm
User
DNSwww.dog.com 1.1.1.1;1.1.1.2
Load Balancing not mapped to the real load of the serverDNS does not know state of the serverClient interprets differently DNS A record with multiple IP@
88© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 8
InternetInternet
Step 1: User clicks: www.dog.com
Browser talks to DNS for IP AddressBrowser sends TCP SYN (connect?)
Step 2: Switch Sends TCP SYN ACK to browser
Step 3: Browser sends URL:www.dog.com
Step 4: Switch determines Best Server
Step 5: Switch connects to Best Server and splices TCP connection
How Content ServicesSwitching Works
99© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 9
Content IntelligenceDefined
Full content switching on:
Host TagEntire URL Dynamic Cookie
locationFile extension
000’s of rules 000’s of services 00’s of services
per content rule
Switching on MAC address, VLANs
IP Routing 802.1 P/Q
policy
Session load balancing by IP address and TCP port
Policy based on TCP port
Limited URL filtering on:
Non HTTP GETHTTP w/ CookiesFile extension
Limited URL visibility
64 strings <=40 bytes32 rules <= 8bytes
L4 L4 ““session”session”
SwitchSwitch
L4 L4 extended with extended with URL filteringURL filtering
L3 SwitchL3 Switch
Content Content ServicesServicesSwitchSwitch
1010© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 10
What is What is being being
requested?requested?
Who is Who is requestingrequesting
it?it?Provide Provide
redundancyredundancy
LocationLocationof bestof bestserver?server?
Why a content switch ?
http://www. media.comhttp://www. media.com
Platinum Platinum AccountAccountTradingTrading
Flash Crowd Flash Crowd InsuranceInsurance
Real-timeReal-timeStock Stock QuotesQuotes
Real-timeReal-timeStock Stock QuotesQuotes
InvestorInvestorChat RoomChat Room
AccountAccountBrowsing & Browsing & CustomerCustomerServiceService
InvestorInvestorChat RoomChat Room
AccountAccountBrowsing & Browsing & CustomerCustomerServiceService
1111© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 11
Site & System Security
DMZSecureServices
• Web site SecurityPrevents Denial of Service attacks
Stateful access control
Firewall Load BalancingInternetInternet
Attacker
1212© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 12
And even more…
• Intelligent redirection
• Cookie sticky
• Automatic Content Replication
• Data Centers load balancing
• User-tailored Web Services
• SSL termination
• Box to box redundancy
• …
1313© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 13
Cisco 1150XContent Services Switch
CSS 11503
CSS 11506
• 40 Gbps Switch Fabric
• Up to 6 modules
• Up to 80 FE plus 2GE
• Up to 12 GE
• Redundant AC or DC
1414© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 14
Content Switching Module
• High-performance layer 4-7 load balancer of servers, firewalls, caches and more
• Single-slot linecard for catalyst 6500
• Custom network-processor-based hardware
• Full regular expression support (URLs, cookies, HTTP header parsing)
1515© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 15
Reasons for a data center ?
• For operator internal use (ISP services, hosting operator portal, internal services)
• To sell new commercial services (with or without VPNs)
1616© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 16
Data Center ”Layered model”
Shared
Hosting
Dedicated
Hosting
Co-Location
StreamingManaged Security
Internet
VPN
(FR or ATM PVC, MPLS VPN)
1717© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 17
HostingSolution Engine
Data Center Load BalancingFor Internet and Intranet
Web Servers
ISP-1 ISP-2
Database Servers
PIX™
FirewallPIX™
Firewall
Content Switch Content Switch
SSL ContentAccelerator
SSL ContentAccelerator
Content Switch
Agenda
• CDN technical introduction.
• Content Switches and their applications in data centers.
• Caching or how to increase end users response time.
• IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming solution
• Conclusion
2020© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 20
How to cache the content ?
• PROXY caching
• TRANSPARENT caching
• REVERSE PROXY caching
2121© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 21
Proxy Caching
• Cache Miss Example:
Cache200.200.200.1
Origin Serverwww.dogs.comClient
Enterprise NetworkInternet
• Dest. IP: 200.200.200.1• Dest. Port: 8080• Get: “//www.dogs.com/training”• No DNS lookup required by client 3. DNS resolve of www.dogs.com
6. Content stored on cache
5. Origin returns content
7. Content sent to client
4. Content request to Origin
2.
CacheMiss
1. Client request to proxy cache
2222© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 22
Transparent Caching
• Cache Miss Example:
Origin Serverwww.dogs.com
192.4.7.1
• Dest. IP: 192.4.7.1• Dest. Port: 80• Get: “/training”• Host: www.dogs.com
1. DNS resolve of www.dogs.com
Enterprise Network
Internet
Client
Cache200.200.200.1
2. Client request to origin
3. Intercepts TCP port 80 traffic and forwards request to cache
7. Content stored on cache
6. Origin returns content
4.
CacheMiss
8. Content sent to client
5. Content request to Origin
2323© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 23
Why caching ?
• Faster network response time
• Decrease traffic load on expensive peering links
• Ease traffic monitoring and management (filtering)
2424© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 24
Internet access for residential customers
Service Provider WAN
POP2
POP3POP4
POP1
Dial-UpCableADSLETH
BGP peering withExternal AS
As#12As#124
As#317
2525© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 25
Faster network response time
• ce590#sh stat http perf
• Statistics - Performance
Avg Min Max Last
• -------------------------------------------------------------
• Requests / Second: - - 240 143
• Bytes / Second: - - 1316454 773902
• Seconds / Request: 1.411 0.000 11637.331 0.990
• Seconds / Hit: 0.091 0.000 1502.203 0.242
• Seconds / Miss: 2.274 0.000 11637.331 1.871
• -------------------------------------------------------------
Cache eliminate this delay
• Seconds/Miss depends on peering links to the internet (typically 1-6 seconds)
• RT = RTSP + RTinternet + RTwebserver
2626© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 26
Decrease traffic load on expensive peering links
ce590#show stat http savingStatistics - SavingsRequests Bytes
-----------------------------------------------------------Total: 2374343 12173144019Hits: 1260618 4191382183Miss: 1113725 7981761836Savings: 53.1 % 34.4 %
• Bandwidth saving depends on country and type of users
• Typical residential and university saving = 30% - 50%
• Business Users, Saving = 20% - 40%
2727© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 27
Cost Saving Calculation
Monthly savings = Bandwidth (Mbps) x Monthly BW cost/Mbps xPercent HTTP traffic x Byte hit rate
Payback period = purchase price/ monthly savings
2828© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 28
Filtering
• Web Sense : The best URL database
• Out of the box Web Sense server
• Smart Filter : The most common tools
• Inside the box Smart Filter agent
• Smart Filter GUI + License
• N2H2
Agenda
• CDN technical introduction.
• Content Switches and their applications in data centers.
• Caching or how to increase end users response time.
• IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming Solution
• Conclusion
3131© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 31
Content Delivery NetworksBringing Content Closer to UsersContent Delivery NetworksBringing Content Closer to Users
Origin Web Server
ContentRouter
Server Load Balancer and
Content Servers
Server Load Balancer and
Content Servers
Server Load Balancer and
Content Servers
Server Load Balancer and
Content Servers
Local DNS Server
3232© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 32
Video On DemandVideo On Demand
ManagedStreamingServer*
ManagedStreamingServer*
Streaming technology
Live TrafficLive Traffic
Un-managedStreaming Server**
Un-managedStreaming Server**
Stream SplittingStream Splitting
Stream SplittingStream Splitting
Transparent Cachingand CONTENT
PREPOSITIONING (E-CDN, I-CDN)
Transparent Cachingand CONTENT
PREPOSITIONING (E-CDN, I-CDN)
Transparent CachingTransparent Caching
*Managed streaming server : Owned by the SP in one location**Un-managed streaming server : Server on the internet
3333© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 33
Content Engine Streaming capabilities
Full support of RealNetwork functionalities (Proxy, Subscribers, Servers)
Full support of Windows Media functionalities (Native WMS, v4.1)
3434© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 34
Pay Per View Service
• SP are willing to sell more than just Internet access and VPN. Interest in voice and video.
• New promising service: Video and Interactive gaming
• PPV is ONE possible video service
• Video technology is still in its infancy. Microsoft is taking large market share.
3535© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 35
PPV foundation: Video Streaming
VideoServer
Video library
Content VoD
Content Live
1. Encoding = codec, bit rate, image size, frame per second, key image intervall
2. Streaming protocol
Codec on PCIP network
3636© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 36
…with DRM and Billing
User buy the rights to view a file for a limited amount of time (1 day)Can not store the file on his PC
DRM : Digital RightMngt Server Unique PerContent Provider
300kbit/s streams900kbit/s streams
Residential Service Provider Backbone
Datacenter
VideoServer
Broadband accessADSL, Cable, ETTH
Video Library
Billing (Outsourced)
Encrypted Stream
License aquisition
3737© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 37
Codec: Which quality to expect?
Image quality Bandwith(Codec)
Access Type
Bad VHSon TV & PC
360kbpsADSL 512Kbps, Cable* 512kbps
ETTH
VHS on TV 700kbps
ADSL 1Mbps, ETTH
Corporate Access
DVD on TV >900kbpsETTH
Corporate Access
DVD on PC 2000kbpsETTH
Corporate Access
*might have an issue with QoSAssumption: Video are streamed on TV, not stored and play
3939© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 39
How can Cisco help ?
300kbit/s streams900kbit/s streams
Residential Service Provider Backbone
Datacenter
VideoServerVideo Library
Broadband accessADSL, Cable, ETTH
Agenda
• CDN technical introduction.
• Content Switches and their applications in data centers.
• Caching or how to increase end users response time.
• IP Video or how to build a Pay Per View Streaming Solution
• Conclusion
4141© 2001 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 41
Content Delivery Networks System Building Blocks
Highly available, scalable, performance network at Layer 2/3Highly available, scalable, performance network at Layer 2/3
StreamingStreaming ApplicationsApplicationsE-CommerceE-CommerceWeb HostingWeb Hosting
Content Content Delivery Delivery ServicesServices
Content Delivery
Networks
L2/L3 L2/L3 NetworksNetworks
Intelligent Network ServicesIntelligent Network Services
Content Distribution Content Distribution & Management& Management
ContentContentRoutingRouting
ContentContentSwitchiSwitchi
ngng
Content Content Edge DeliveryEdge Delivery
MobileMobile FixedFixedWirelessWireless
CableCable DSLDSL Dedicated/Dedicated/ATM/FRATM/FR
ISDN/DialISDN/Dial
Thank You !!!