1 1 Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11 August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION CONTROL – POLICY OPTIONS FOR THE SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGION WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR SOUTH-EAST ASIA WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR SOUTH-EAST ASIA
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1Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION CONTROL – POLICY OPTIONS FOR THE SOUTH-EAST ASIA
REGION
WHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR SOUTH-EAST ASIAWHO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR SOUTH-EAST ASIA
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2Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Public Health Problems caused by Alcohol UsePublic Health Problems caused by Alcohol Use
2 billion people world wide consume alcohol
76.3 million people suffered alcohol use disorders
Alcohol use caused 3.2% of all deaths (1.8 m) and 4% of DALY (58.3 m)
Adult per capita consumption ranged from 1 L in INO to 8.47 L in THA
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3Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Trend of alcohol consumption during 1981-2000
02468101214161820
Pure
alc
ohol
con
sum
ptio
n/pe
rson
(L
itre)
Thai
France
Germany
England
USA
Japan
Philippines
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4Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Situation of alcohol consumption in Situation of alcohol consumption in ThailandThailand
260,000 more consumers each year
Beer consumption increased 6 times during 1987-1997 (from 2.4 L/person/year to 19.5 L/person/year)
Alcohol selling increase 100% during 1991-1999
consumption triplein a decade
20
58
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1989 2003litr per capita Source: ThaiHealth
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5Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Who is “the drinker”?Who is “the drinker”?
1/3 of Thai people older than 15 years old 55.9% of Thai male and 9.8% of Thai female Most prevalence aged between 25 and 29 2/3 of high school and college students
reveal that they drink alcohol
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6Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Alcohol Control PolicyAlcohol Control Policy Most of 11 Member States have adopted
national alcohol policy, either explicitly or implicitly
No single policy option is effective Need for comprehensive,
multidisplinary, integrated alcohol policy and strategy
Population-based approach (legislative and managerial measures)
Individual risk reduction approach (high-risk groups)
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7Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Taxation and other Price ControlTaxation and other Price Control Alcohol is a source of substantial
revenue of for governments. Increasing taxation of alcohol will lead
to price increase, that would influence the consumption
Alcohol is not to be treated as any other commodity
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8Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Regulating physical availabilityRegulating physical availability Various measures (legislative and
managerial) Minimum legal purchasing or
drinking age: (18-21 years) Restriction of sales – number,
density, locations of sales outlets; limit sales (hours/days); rationing; restriction on serving and selling
Total prohibition or Ban on alcohol
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9Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Measures for Drunk DrivingMeasures for Drunk Driving Control at the point of licensing for
driving Setting up legal limit for Blood
Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Active surveillance (random
checking) for drink-driving and swift punishments
Measures for high-risk groups
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10Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Regulating Alcohol productionRegulating Alcohol production
State monopoly on production Restriction on distribution Uncontrolled production and
distribution
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11Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Advertisement Budget on Alcohol in ThailandAdvertisement Budget on Alcohol in Thailand
347460
515
706
1318
2169
1859
1263
1812
2522
772
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Ba
ht
in M
illi
on
s
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12Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Advertising RestrictionAdvertising Restriction
Restrict advertising – target groups Surrogate advertising
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13Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Education and persuasionEducation and persuasion Use of Mass media
{Public and Private} Need increased
investment for mass-media campaigns - sponsors
Educating school children
Youth as advocators for “No to Alcohol”
Creation of “Non-Alcohol Clubs”
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14Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Modifying Drinking ContextModifying Drinking Context Provision of alternative recreation
facilities Provide alternative financing for
sponsorship for sport and social events Public nuisance and personal
responsibility while intoxicated Individual risk reduction approach
(high-risk groups)
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15Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Establishing sustainable managerial Establishing sustainable managerial mechanismsmechanisms
Establishment of national alcohol control authority or similar agency
National coordinating body or mechanism
Coordination among stakeholders Consumers’ forum Monitoring and evaluation of the policy
interventions including impact Promoting national and regional
networks and centres
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16Regional Conference on Alcohol Control, 10-11
August 2006, Bangkok, Thailand
Further worksFurther works Debate at the forth-coming 59th session of
WHO Regional Committee, under Agenda Item 11
Member States to further enhance their alcohol control policy and programmes, using regional experiences
Adopt various policy options, if possible introduce/update legislative measures
Involve stakeholders (private/public producers, distributors, civil society, research/academic institutions, public agencies)