1 1 Contents are the property of the instructors and EH-Expo, not to be duplicated without expressed written permission. EH-Expo, S20, Cell #A Good Afternoon!!!

11Contents are the property of the instructors and EH-Expo, not to be duplicated without expressed written permission.EH-Expo, S20, Cell

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Good Afternoon!!!Good Afternoon!!!Welcome to the class.

EH-Expo 2003EH-Expo 20032-Way X-10 & 2-Way X-10 &

Intro to Intro to Extended Code!Extended Code!

Conference: February 26 - March 1, 2003– Orange County Convention Center, Orlando FLConference: February 26 - March 1, 2003– Orange County Convention Center, Orlando FL

S20S20

Feb 26, 2003 Feb 26, 2003 4:00pm-4:00pm-5:00pm5:00pm


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This handout has only 38 cells. It does not, nor is it intended to, show every cell used in the class. The class uses dozens of pictures, several hundred graphics in almost 100 cells totaling over 25 megabytes in size.

Most of the cells in this handout have been changed slightly from those used in the class.

Since class slides are layered, printing them in their original state would show only the top layer. These have been modified so they will print better.

Some have had text changed to allow them to me more meaningful when read instead of their original content as a visual aid.

Sorry, these cells are not for sale. This handout is presented to attendees as part of the class. It is intended for the personal use of the attendee and are not to be duplicated in any way, nor is it to be used in any publication, class or web site without the expressed written permission of ACT and EH-Expo.


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Welcome to the Class• Why Are You Here?

– If you've avoided X-10 based powerline systems for years, think again! It’s a new world in this new millennium. New products and techniques from many manufacturers enable you to install budget systems in houses with the advanced capabilities that used to be the domain only of the expensive hard-wired systems. You will learn how 2-way capability can make for more feature rich, reliable installations. You will also learn learn how “Basic Code” works, and how “Extended Code” works. Learn some of the "tricks of the trade" that many of the experts use! Discover "what's new" in the industry that makes powerline carrier control an exciting and profitable venture!

• Hi, I’m Phil Kingery!– PCC & X-10 Guru at Advanced Control Technologies.– Ph: 317-337-0100 Email: pkingery@act-

solutions.com


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12

6

11 1

7 5

10 2

9 3

8 4

What to Expect Today.....What to Expect Today.....

The X-10 Protocol: Basic Code, introduction to Extended Code &

an explanation of its advantages.

True 2-way: An explanation of “2-way” as it pertains to X-10.

(If time permits) Complex Coupling & Troubleshooting:

Examples of both (I hope).

Your questions and situations.

Introduction: What we will cover (and what we will not).


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2-Way 2-Way Communications !!Communications !!

The ability for...

X-10 X-10

version version

of..of..

- every transmitter to also be a receiver. - every receiver to also be a transmitter?- receivers to be “polled” so that the

transmitter (or controller) knows the state (level) of that receiver.

- receivers to transmit their current state in the event of a manual change of state.


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Easy 2-Way Examples:Easy 2-Way Examples:

A01-A01, AOn-AOn “ON”A01-A01, AStRq-AStRq A01-A01, AStOn-AStOn


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Easy 2-Way Examples:Easy 2-Way Examples:

A01-A01, AStOff-AStOff


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What Commands are Available?What Commands are Available?• The 4 Most Often Used Commands: --

– “ON” “OFF” (pretty basic)– “DIM” “BRIGHT” (also basic stuff)

• The “Group” Commands ---– “ALL LIGHTS ON”,“ALL UNITS OFF”– Plus the seldom used “ALL LIGHTS OFF”

• The “Status” Commands --- – “STATUS REQUEST” – “STATUS ON” & “STATUS OFF”

• The “Hail” Commands --- – “HAIL REQUEST” & “HAIL ACK”


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What Commands are Available?What Commands are Available?• The “Extended” Commands: --

– “EXTENDED CODE 1” (for Data/Control)– “EXTENDED CODE 2” (for Meter Read)– “EXTENDED CODE 3” (for Security)

• The Sixteenth Command ---– “Unused” (at least, as far as I know)

If you are wondering where the “Preset Dim” commands went, there are

“technically speaking”, no longer supported.


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= 00002= 010

Binary Decimal

= 00012= 110

= 00102= 210

= 00112= 310

= 01002= 410

= 01012= 510

= 01102= 610

= 01112= 710

= 10002= 810

= 10012= 910

= 10102= 1010

= 10112= 1110

= 11002= 1210

= 11012= 1310

= 11102= 1410

= 11112= 1510


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Binary

00002 = 001010

00012 = 111010

00102 = 221010

00112 = 331010

01002 = 441010

01012 = 551010

01102 = 661010

01112 = 771010

10002 = 881010

10012 = 991010

10102 = 10101010

10112 = 11111010

11002 = 12121010

11012 = 13131010

11102 = 14141010

11112 = 15151010

= 016

= 116

= 216

= 316

= 416

= 516

= 616

= 716

= 816

= 916

= A16

= B16

= C16

= D16

= E16

= F16

to Decimal to Hexadecimal


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So, what so great about Hexadecimal…at least, as far as X-10 notation is concerned?

0001 1100 0011 0001

11 CC 33 11Hex notation reduces 16 numerals to only 4

characters.


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StandardStandard Code Code vs.vs. ExtendedExtended Code Code

One Basic Code data frame can be either an address or a command,

but not both.

BasicBasic

A01 A01 -or- AOn AOn

One “Frame” One “Frame” of dataof data


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BasicBasic Code Code vs.vs. ExtendedExtended Code Code

Standard Code always takes 11

cycles of the sine wave.

Extended Code 1 Extended Code 1 always takes 31 always takes 31

cycles of the sine cycles of the sine wave.wave.


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vs.vs. ExtendedExtended Code Code

Since data frames are always duplicated….

Extended code takes 62 cycles (or 1.017 seconds).Extended code takes 62

cycles (or 1.017 seconds).

Standard code Standard code usuallyusually takes takes 47 cycles (or 0.7833 seconds)47 cycles (or 0.7833 seconds)Standard code Standard code usuallyusually takes takes

47 cycles (or 0.7833 seconds)47 cycles (or 0.7833 seconds)

BasicBasic Code Code


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Old Codes - New CodesOld Codes - New Codes

• Ext Code 0111Ext Code 0111- Now designated as "Ext Code 1", for data and control.

• Preset Dim (1) 1010Preset Dim (1) 1010- Now designated as "Ext Code 3", for security messages

• Preset Dim (2) 1011Preset Dim (2) 1011- Now designated as "Unused"

• Ext Data 1100 Ext Data 1100 - Now designated as "Ext Code 2", for meter read and DSM.


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Old Codes - New CodesOld Codes - New Codes

• Start CodeStart Code = 4 bits (non-complementary), • Letter CodeLetter Code = 4 bits, • Extended Code 1Extended Code 1 = 5 bits (01111), • Unit CodeUnit Code (device code) = 4 bits, • DataData = 8 bits, • CommandCommand = 8 bits..

AFAIK "Extended Code 1" is the only one in general use and has a defined frame length of 31 cycles (62 bits).


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vs.vs. ExtendedExtended Code Code

If these 5 bits are “01111”, for Ext’d Code 1, then…

If these 5 bits are “01111”, for Ext’d Code 1, then…

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unit Code Data Code Command Code

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unit Code Data Code Command Code

BasicBasic Code Code


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Extended Code 1 NotationExtended Code 1 Notation

A01AOn

Letter Code X10

notationCommand Code X10

notation

A[1]01

Number Code X10 notation

FF

FF

Command Byte Hex

notationData Byte Hex notation

Ext’d Code 1 ACT notation


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A[1]011C31

Address A-- X10 notation

Ext’d Code 1 ACT notation

Address -01 X10 notation

Type 3 = Control Modules

(Hex)Data Byte = 2810 Hex notation

Dimmer =Go To value in data

byte


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A[1]011C31

Data Byte 0-255 (0016 – FF16)

Letter Code A-P

Function (Command) 15 possible and 1 unused

Number (Unit) Code 01-16

Type 0-15

(016 – F16)

Command 0-15 (016 – F16)


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Extended Code Capabilities!Extended Code Capabilities!• More Features –More Features – Having “Ext’d Code” capability

allows for new products with advanced features like “scenes”, and “direct dimming” with 64 levels.

• More AddressesMore Addresses – Even though “Ext’d Code” does not automatically allow for more addresses, it does allow for expansion of the 256 address set.

• Increased ReliabilityIncreased Reliability – More polling options beyond that of “std code” but to take advantage of this, the new devices also need to be capable of “true 2-way”.


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Typical 120/240v distribution system.Typical 120/240v distribution system.

Humungo, buncho, mega-voltage from the utility substation.

120v

120v

240v

L1 L2

Neutral

Typical 120/240v 2-panel system.Typical 120/240v 2-panel system.

Single phase 120v loads.

Phase-to-phase 240v loads.


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Humungo, buncho, mega-voltage from the utility substation.

120v

208v

L1 L3

NeutralNeutral

Typical 120/208v 3-Phase System.Typical 120/208v 3-Phase System.


Ph-to-Ph 208v load.

L2

3-phase load.


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All Electric Utilities generate electric power in 3 phases.

S N

S NS N

S N


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3-Phase Vector Relationship

EAC

ECB 330o

90o

E E E

E E E j

E E j

E E

E E j

E E E E j j

E E E j

E E j

E E j

E

AB NB AN

NB NB NB

AN AN

NB AN

AN NB

AB NB NB NB

AB NB NB

AB NB

AB NB

Cos Sin

Cos( ) Sin( )

60 60

0

0

60 60 0

1

21

3

2

3

2

3

2

1

23 3

AB NB

AB NB NB

E

E E E

E EAB NB

1

23 3

1

212

1

22 3

2 2

3

( )

EAN

60o

30o

0o

120o

180o

300o

210o

240o

EAB

ENC

EBN

ENA

EBA

EBC

ECAENB

ECN

270o

150o


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This effects X-10 signal timing and placement.

TXTX


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Complex Coupling Example #3

Xfmr 277v Pnl

Xfmr120v Pnl

Xfmr277v Pnl

Xfmr

120v Pnl Xfmr

277v Pnl

Xfmr

120v Pnl

Xfmr277v Pnl

Xfmr120v Pnl

OfficeTX

CR134

CR134 CR134

CR134CR334

CR334 CR334

CR334

Switches: #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 Purpose: Prec. Rec Pos Prev Rept Sys Protocol Trans Out Trans Pos RecWindow Setting SCC Rec at 30º Ignore Split ACT Disable 0º Only Sensitive Setting Either Rec at 0º Repeat 3-Ph X-10 Normal 0º & 30º Normal

Switches: #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 Purpose: Prec. Rec Pos Prev Rept Sys Protocol Trans Out Trans Pos RecWindow Setting SCC Rec at 30º Ignore Split ACT Disable 0º Only Sensitive Setting Either Rec at 0º Repeat 3-Ph X-10 Normal 0º & 30º Normal


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It is sometimes difficult to understand why

phase-to-phase receivers fail to operate at all.

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

RXRX

TXTX

RXRX

RXRX

120/208v Three Phase

AA BB CC NN

?

?

?

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Passive Coupler

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX

Ph-Ph RX


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H.B.M.V. from utility.

277v

480v

L1L1 L3L3

NeutralNeutral

Typical 277/480v 3-Phase Sys. w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.Typical 277/480v 3-Phase Sys. w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.

L2L2

3-phase 480v load.

Single phase 277v load.

120v load.

120v load.

:Y


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480v

L1L1 L3L3

L2L2

3-phase 480v load.

120v load.

:Y120v load.

480v loads.

Typical 480v 3-Phase Delta w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.Typical 480v 3-Phase Delta w/ 120/208v 3-phase on-site service.


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The “Dreaded” High-Leg Delta!

H.B.M.V. from utility.

120v

240v

L1L1

L3L3

L2L2


1-ph Panel.

L1L1

3-ph Panel.

““CC rr aa zz y”y” Leg Leg

Delta.Delta.

“Stinger”

Leg Delta.

“Wild” Leg Delta.

“RED”

Leg

Delta.

““Bastard” Leg Delta.Bastard” Leg Delta.

NeutralNeutral


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Troubleshooting !!Troubleshooting !!

• FirstFirst - Be comfortable with the equipment before you go to your customer’s location.

• SecondSecond - Have a good working knowledge of electrical distribution systems, panels, wiring, etc. and work with a licensed electrician (unless you are one).

Checklist:Checklist:


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Troubleshooting !!Troubleshooting !!

• ThirdThird - Have a good working knowledge of X-10 (and related compatible equipment) from personal experience and test bench work.

• LastlyLastly - Remember, your customer is not paying for you to learn on the job. They are paying you because you are supposed to already know how this stuff works.

Checklist:Checklist:


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PCC Troubleshooting

Flow Chart.

This general PCC troubleshooting chart is intended to be a foundation which the PCC technician can use to help determine and correct PCC system

problems. It is not intended to be a replacement for training and experience. It is assumed that the technician on site is knowledgeable with

standard PCC test equipment and devices.PCC System has failed or is unreliable:

PCC System has failed or is unreliable:

Is the entire PCC system

effected or at least a large section of it effected ?

Is the entire PCC system

effected or at least a large section of it effected ?

Has anything changed

recently, new electronic

equipment, ballasts, VSD’s,

etc?

Has anything changed

recently, new electronic

equipment, ballasts, VSD’s,

etc?

Turn off power to new

equipment. Is rest of PCC system now functioning properly?

Turn off power to new

equipment. Is rest of PCC system now functioning properly?

Test for signal level to all effected locations. Are signal strength

tests okay?

Test for signal level to all effected locations. Are signal strength

tests okay?

Signal level tests can show weak signal or

“errors” in signal. Is signal

just weak?

Signal level tests can show weak signal or

“errors” in signal. Is signal

just weak?

If the ACT test receiver shows an “Error” then the signal is corrupted.

If the ACT test receiver shows an “Error” then the signal is corrupted.

If signal strength is good, then coupling

is okay. Are all transmitters working

properly?

If signal strength is good, then coupling

is okay. Are all transmitters working

properly?

Replace or filter offending equipment so it will no longer pollute the electrical environment.

Replace or filter offending equipment so it will no longer pollute the electrical environment.

If transmitters, signal level and coupling are okay, then

the receivers are faulty. Test & replace them.

If transmitters, signal level and coupling are okay, then

the receivers are faulty. Test & replace them.

Determine location of interference (usually by turning off breakers in sequence). Replace or filter offending equipment so it no longer pollutes the electrical environment. Occasionally an improperly installed or faulty PCC device will cause corrupted signal. Replace device and/or correct installation.

Determine location of interference (usually by turning off breakers in sequence). Replace or filter offending equipment so it no longer pollutes the electrical environment. Occasionally an improperly installed or faulty PCC device will cause corrupted signal. Replace device and/or correct installation.

Transmitters come in a variety of models depending on the job. If the unit is a simple wall mount or desktop transmitter, test and replace as needed. If the transmitter in question is a programmable or computer interface unit, then more sophisticated troubleshooting will need to be done. Check the program and the conditions under which it operates. Correct or replace as needed.

Transmitters come in a variety of models depending on the job. If the unit is a simple wall mount or desktop transmitter, test and replace as needed. If the transmitter in question is a programmable or computer interface unit, then more sophisticated troubleshooting will need to be done. Check the program and the conditions under which it operates. Correct or replace as needed.

If signal strength is weak, then coupling may be inadequate or

existing coupling equipment has failed? Test existing coupling

equipment. Do the tests show the devices to be working?

If signal strength is weak, then coupling may be inadequate or

existing coupling equipment has failed? Test existing coupling

equipment. Do the tests show the devices to be working?

Review current coupling design to determine what needs to be changed. Change coupling to increase signal to acceptable levels.

Review current coupling design to determine what needs to be changed. Change coupling to increase signal to acceptable levels.

Test and replace coupling equipment as needed. Test and replace coupling equipment as needed.

Done.PCC System

should function properly.

Done.PCC System

should function properly.

YESYESNONO

YESYES


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Thank you for taking the time.Thank you for taking the time.

• We hope you know more about “Extended Code”, “2-Way” and how to use these new features, than you did this morning.

• We wanted to give you all certificates but we’re too cheap.

• If you have any questions, Grab me here or in the ACT booth.

• If you have comments about this class, please let us know.

• Tipping the instructors is encouraged.

Jimbo Billy Bob is

hereby awarded this

certificate showing to

the world that he was

able to sit through this

class without falling

asleep.


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Some URL’s for you:

• http://www.act-solutions.com/uncle.htm

• http://www.customhomecontrol.com/

• http://www.geocities.com/ido_bartana/• ftp://ftp.x10.com/pub/manuals/cm11a_protocol.txt

• http://hometoys.com/articles.htm

• http://www.x10.com/technology1.htm

• http://www.X10Pro.com/

• newsgroup:comp.home.automation

1 1 Contents are the property of the instructors and EH-Expo, not to be duplicated without expressed written permission. EH-Expo, S20, Cell #A Good Afternoon!!!

Documents

extended commands

pm slide

status commands

extended code works

hail commands

way examples

datacontrol extended

astrqastrq a01a01