1 1 3 Common Types of Fire Detection Protection Systems

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Fire Detection &Fire Detection &

Protection SystemsProtection Systems


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Introduction

Fire Alarm Call Points (Manual)

Alarm Sounders

Detectors

Automatic Water Sprinkler

Conclusion


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Fire Alarm Call Point

Automatic Water Sprinkler

Heat & Smoke Detectors


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General guidelines for call points:

1. Call points must not be more than

30 m apart from each other.

2. Be mounted at a height of1.4m

from the floor.

3. Free of obstructions.

4. Be mounted against contrasting

background.


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In a event of a fire,

break the glass of the

nearest manual callpoint that you have

located.

That will sound the firealarm throughout the

building.


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1. Distinct from other types of warning and continuous

ringing tone of the bell.

2. Alerts occupants about the possible occurrence of a

fire.

3. The minimum sound level produced by the soundersshall be 65 dB, or 5 dB above the background noise

level.


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1. HEAT DETECTOR

2. SMOKE DETECTOR


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1. In a fire, great amounts of heat

are produced.

2. Once the air in the room

reaches a certain temperature,the heat detector activates and

the alarm sounds off.

3. The temperature of the air

increases slowly, therefore

there will be a time lag betweenonset of fire and its detection

by the heat detector.


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1. Smoke detectors work by

detecting smoke particles in theair.

2. Smoke that is produced due to

fire triggers off the alarm.

3. Smoke detectors do not detectheat, therefore any particles in

the air (such as dust) can trigger

the alarm.


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1. Advantages

1. Detects fire and discharges

water to put out fire2. Greater access to seat (origin)

of fire.3. Lowers smoke level.

4. Cools smoke.

Safeguards1. Loss of Lives or Property.2. Less interruption to

businesses.3. Lesser Water Damage

Compared to Hose Streams.


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1. Water discharge is

restrained by a heat-

sensitive glass bulb or

valve cap.

2. Heat from the fire causes

the bulb to expand and

burst allowing the water todischarge out of the

sprinkler.


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Wet Pipe SystemStandard sprinkler system charged with

water under pressure at all times

During a fire, individual sprinklers openedby heat, water flow through the sprinklers

immediately

For premises where there is no danger ofwater in pipe freezing


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Dry Pipe System Automatic sprinklers attached to piping containing

air/nitrogen under pressure

When sprinkler opened by heat from fire, pressurereduced, water pressure can force open the valve onsupply side

Water flows into the system and out through the opensprinklers

Only used in freezing environment Cold rooms, freezer rooms


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1 1 3 Common Types of Fire Detection Protection Systems

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