-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
1/43
Indian Reservation RoadsConstruction Costs Update
June 24, 2008Rapid City, South Dakota
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
2/43
Outline
Introduction Cost Data Transformation
Cost Update Process Data Management Issues Review of Cost Updates
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
3/43
Relative Need Distribution Formula
50% Cost-to-Construct 30% Vehicles Miles Traveled
20% Population
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
4/43
Importance of Costs
Cost to Construct (CTC) factor contributesto fifty percent
CTC is driven significantly by what it coststo construct one mile of road
Costs X Miles on a reservation = CTC
Tribes benefit from timely and accurateupdates while outdated and inaccuratecost data have the opposite impact.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
5/43
Current Cost Data System
The Final Rule does not adequatelyaddress the existing Construction CostData system, now we need to: Understand the system Identify the deficiencies Improve the current system
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
6/43
What are Construction Costs?
Cost Accounting SystemJob Cost Accounting
- Accumulated by part number or contract
- Dependent on historical and recorded data
Construction CostsUnit Costs The cost to build one-mile of roadway.
Unit Cost = $ / mile
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
7/43
What are Construction Costs?
Costs vary due to Geo-Political Region (GPR)
Geographical location Total (61)
Functional classification of the road Classification
Terrain ( Flat, Rolling, Mountainous )
Roadway Width
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
8/43
How are the construction costs developed?
Cost data is developed by the Regional Officesfrom
Bid tabulations and/or Engineer Estimates of projectsconstructed
P.L. 93-638 contracts
Competitive contracts
BIA force account
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
9/43
How are the construction costs developed?
The unit bid costs used are the initial costs assubmitted by the successful low bidder.
The unit bid list is broken down into four
categories and :
Incidental construction F3113 Grade & Drain construction F3109
Gravel construction F3110 Pavement construction F3111
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
10/43
How are the construction costs developed?
Each unit bid item is placed in its appropriatecategory.
Each categories sum is computed and dividedby the length of roadway being constructed andthis equals the cost to construct a mile ofroadway.
Unit Cost = $ / mile
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
11/43
Construction Costs
Total Number of IRR Costs
19 - Adequate Design Standards
61 Geo-Political Regions (GPR)
4 Construction Categories
4636 Individual Costs in the IRR Program
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
12/43
Costs related to the RNDF
Inventory Data needed to locate costs Inventory location identifier (Region,Agency,Res.) State Code Class Code Terrain
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
13/43
Costs in RIFDS
RIFDS Navigation Screen Cost Module Screen (In use only)
Costs Tables Controls Tab (Route Summary) QA Detail Report for Roads
Geo Political Region Report
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
14/43
Cost Data Transformation
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
15/43
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
16/43
2004 Cost Conversion
In June 2005, discrepancies wereidentified with the cost tables due to theinitial cost conversion.
Where a number of cost cells had valuesmuch lower than were previously listedseverely impacting a tribes annual
allocation amount. Proposed to redo the conversion and only
populate the zeroes.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
17/43
2005 Cost Conversion
Existing Cost Data (2003 cost data file) Estimated costs Actual costs No costs (zero values) Blanks (no cost & embedded cost) The zero values were
Cost cells that were never populated or may havebeen ignored.
Because many zero values were not considered inthe formula calculations because many roadclassifications do not exist in those states/GPRs
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
18/43
Steps in Cost Conversion1. Accounted for the existing costs by utilizing
those costs Used historical data files to identify existing costs2. Consolidated costs in correlation with Cost
Tables Conversion.
Used the upper limit (existing) to satisfy conversion3. Identified the zero values in the cost values4. Verified the zeroes by a search for
hidden/embedded values
5. In accordance with 25CFR Part 170, first usedthe state values to fill empty cells6. Completed filling empty cells with national
average values.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
19/43
Cost Update Process
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
20/43
Cost Update Process
RIFDS allows the BIADOT to input thecost data in the new format.
However the data entry and validationprocess of the cost updates still exist inpaper form, external to the computerprogram.
BIADOT manually reviews the submittalsfor completeness and acceptability
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
21/43
Cost Update Process
Regional office submits the cost data toBIADOT in accordance with the Chief ofTransportations memo issued March,2001, Process to Standardize the Cost toConstruct Factors Within the IndianReservation Roads (IRR) Program.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
22/43
COST TO CONSTRUCT CATEGORY FP 96 BID ITEM
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
23/43
COST TO CONSTRUCT CATEGORY FP-96 BID ITEM
Incidental Construction Costs
MobilizationConstruction stakingErosion control measuresRip-rapRemovalsConstruction surveyingConstruction inspectionMaterials testingGuardrailPermanent traffic control devicesStriping
SignageConcrete barriersObstruction removalPavement removalTemporary construction traffic controlSidewalksCurb & gutterFencingLandscapingStructural concreteTraffic signalsUtilitiesManhole AdjustmentsTopsoil
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
24/43
Grade & Dr ain Constru ction
Clearing and GrubbingRoadway excavationAll drainage structures and appurtenances
Gravel Constr uction
Aggregate bases
Aggregate surfacing
Pavement Constr ucti on
Hot Mix Asphalt pavements
Surface Treatments - Prime coats, tack coats
Aggregates and Asphalt Materials - Chip Seals
Concrete pavements
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
25/43
Example of Report FormPay Incidental Construction Grade & Drain Construction GraveItem ITEM NAME Unit Cost Quantity Unit Amount Quantity Unit Amount Quantity
15101 Mobilization $37,500.00 1.00 L.S. $37,500.0015201 Construction Staking $16,000.00 1.00 L.S. $16,000.00
15301 Contractor Quality Control and Inspection $31,500.00 1.00 L.S. $31,500.0015401 Contractor Sampling and Testing $3,000.00 1.00 L.S. $3,000.0015501 Construction Schedule $1,000.00 1.00 L.S. $1,000.00
15801 Watering for Dust Control $5.00 100.00 Mgal $500.0020401 Roadway Excavation $5.00 4408.00 cy $22,040.0030101 Aggregate Base Grading $8.00 11960.0040101 Hot Asphalt Concrete Pavement
class grading, pavement smoothness $33.0040103 Asphalt Cement Grade 13A $225.00
41202 Tack Coat $2.0060216 Concrete Pipe, Class 4, 30" x 19" $35.00 222.00 lf $7,770.0060216 Concrete Pipe, Class 4, 38" x 24" $45.00 110.00 lf $4,950.0060222 Concrete Culvert End Section, 30" x 19" $400.00 6.00 each $2,400.0060222 Concrete Culvert End Section, 38" x 24" $550.00 4.00 each $2,200.0060902 Portland Cement Concrete Curb and Gutter,
mm Depth Det B2 $20.00 157.00 lf $3,140.0062102 Marker, Culvet $40.00 10.00 each $400.0062404 Placing Conserved Topsoil, 4" depth $1.00 8060.00 sy $8,060.0062502 Seeding, Dry Method $12.00 150.00 lb $1,800.00
62505 Mulching, Dry Method $0.25 8060.00 sy $2,015.0062507 Fertilizer, Dry Method $25.00 5.00 cwt $125.0063302 Sign Installation $15.00 55.90 sf $838.5063305 Wood Posts $40.00 11.00 each $440.0063501 Temporary Traffic Control $2,500.00 1.00 L.S. $2,500.0063401 Pavement Markings, 4 " Epoxy $0.10 13388.00 lf $1,338.8063401 Pavement Markings, Channelizing, 8 " Epox $1.00 200.00 lf $200.0071316 Silt Fence $2.25 2750.00 lf $6,187.50
Cost $116,144.80 Cost $39,760.00
Average Cost to construct one mile of road $184,356.83 $63,111.11
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
26/43
The review criteria identified at BIADOT are:
The project from which the costs are derived is relativeto the cost of a road construction project. The classification of the road, based on information
provided from the Plan title and typical sheet, mustcorrespond to the appropriate Adequate DesignStandard being proposed which is in accordance toTable 1 Appendix C.
The bid items from a given initial bid schedule ornegotiated bid schedule are appropriately separated into
the four construction types and formatted for review. On the formatted breakout sheet, the sums of each fourconstruction types are divided by the total project length.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
27/43
Cost Update Process
An annual deadline date for submission of costdata has not been established under the NewRule.
The former deadline coincided with the annualIRR inventory update deadline (June 1st of eachyear).
Presently BIADOT is considering June 15th asthe deadline for cost update submissions.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
28/43
Data Management Issues
Cost InputData Source
Data Elements
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
29/43
Cost Input
So costs may remain as high as possible Requests to update a specific cost cell whenreplacement across the four construction typeswould result in lower costs of other costs cellsare permissible.
Undesired costs are blocked out in thesubmittal package to signify its hold back.
Has been implemented when existing/actualcosts are considered.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
30/43
Cost Input
Populating multiple cost cells with one set ofdata, which covers more than one AdequateDesign Standard.
Where the ADSs are within the same functional
classification. Mountainous used for Rolling costs. Rolling used for Flat costs.
Historically there is no evidence of this practiceand has not been implemented.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
31/43
Cost Input
Three sources of data are required to justifycosts exceeding the $1,000,000 per mile levelof any of the four construction types.
Previously, projects had been accepted thatwere unreasonably high, so in order to containthese anomalies this method wasimplemented.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
32/43
Data Source
The PS&E requirement as supportingdocumentation needs endorsement. Its primary purpose is to support the Bid Tab
amounts
and correlate the cost data with the physicalgeometry of the roadway. The verification of the functional
classification and confirmation of thestandard unit of measure (English/Metric)are derived from the title and typical sectionsheets.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
33/43
Data Source
Obtaining construction cost data from statetransportation departments has been theconcern of IRR Regional offices.
The obstacle relates to the difficulties in
obtaining the PS&E as supporting documents tothe cost data. Although this is an identified problem it is
important to the approval process.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
34/43
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
35/43
Data Source State DOT data is commonly used for estimating
construction costs for upcoming projects. The data is typically compiled from numerous
road projects that are not separated by roadclassifications.
Additionally the units provided by the states areaverage bid item costs as opposed to the units(cost per mile) used in the TAP calculations.
Consider applying one standard project type inorder to utilize these data such as; 12 ft. widelanes, 2 miles in length, with specific depth ofbase materials and standard number ofIncidental items, etc.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
36/43
Data Elements
Project TypesThe following types of projects do notadequately reflect the costs relative to roadconstruction, therefore are not acceptable asdata. Bridge Projects Traffic Signal Installations Landscaping/Enhancements Safety Improvements
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
37/43
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
38/43
Data ElementsProject Length
The length of a project has significant impactson the cost data.
The unit of construction cost is dollars per
mile ($/mi.), So the shorter the project length (< one mile),
the cost increases inversely.
Road construction projects with projectlengths less than one mile have generatedover-inflated costs.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
39/43
Data ElementsLump Sum Bid Items
There are Regions that prefer to divide thesecosts among the four construction categories.
This is not customary and does not benefit thecost amounts.
Because incidental costs are primarily the firstcosts to be generated in the formula,
sometimes never generating gravel andpavement costs.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
40/43
Data ElementsPhased Construction
Two or three phases are compiled into onecost data package. Is there one project or aseries of projects?
1. This method increases the costs of lump sumitems significantly. (Mobilization: 2X, 3X)
2. Example: Excavation & Rock, Phase I;
Grade and Drain, Phase II; Paving, Phase III. (includes chip seal)
Acceptable if all work is within one contract.
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
41/43
Review of Cost Updates
FY Summaries
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
42/43
Review of Cost Updates
FY 2000 FY2008 Updates
FY Summaries
-
8/11/2019 08_06_IRRPCC_RAP6_24_08
43/43
Contact
Robert FrazierHighway Engineer
BIADOT, Branch of Engineering & Operations1001 Indian School Rd., Suite 249A Albuquerque, NM 87104
(505) 563-3319