07-06-2005Thredbo 9 1 PUBLIC TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE, ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT DECISIONS Álvaro Costa / Teresa Stanislau.

07-06-2005 Thredbo 91

PUBLIC TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE, ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT DECISIONS

Álvaro Costa / Teresa Stanislau

07-06-2005 Thredbo 92

Urban Public Transport System Organisation

Modal Services (Lisbon, Porto, Budapest, Luxembourg, Nicosia, Tallinn,…)

Authority and Operator (Amsterdam, Barcelona, Brussels, Lyon, Munich, Warsaw,…)

Authority and Multiple Operators (Berlin, Dublin, London, Prague, Stockholm,…)

Deregulation (Birmingham, Manchester)

07-06-2005 Thredbo 93

Management Decisions and Performance

Management Decision

Performance

D1 D2 D3

Decision Making Models

Usual Procedure

07-06-2005 Thredbo 94

Management Decisions and Performance

Proposed Procedure Decision Making

Models + Past Analysis

Analysis of the impact of management decision in performance (DEA technique)

Management Decision

Performance

D1 D2 D3

07-06-2005 Thredbo 95

Case Study - STCP

Porto Metropolitan Area

Port

ug

al M

ap

in

htt

p:/

/port

ug

al.

vera

ki.

pt/

; P

ort

o M

ap

in

h

ttp

://w

ww

.am

p.p

t/tu

rism

o.a

sp

Councils 14

Area (km2)

1574.2

Inhabitants

1551950

07-06-2005 Thredbo 96

Serviços de Transportes Colectivos (1946)

Sociedade de Transportes Colectivos do Porto, S.

A. (1994)

Operates in 6 councils of Porto Metropolitan Area

81 bus lines + 2 tram lines

18 bus lines+ 2 tram lines integrated fare system (June 2005)

Case Study - STCP

STCP

07-06-2005 Thredbo 97

Case Study - STCP

DEA - Efficiency/Effectiveness Matrix

STCP – Public Service

Maximize the outputs to be obtained from available resources

DEA

Time series

Efficiency/Effectiveness Matrix

Performance evaluation and resource allocation of public transport operator

07-06-2005 Thredbo 98

Case Study - STCP

Inputs and Outputs

Efficiency Effectivene

ss

InputStaff (31 Dez.)

Vehicles

Output Vehicles.km Passengers

Data in STCP’s Reports and Accounts since 1946

07-06-2005 Thredbo 99

Case Study - STCP

Results

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Effectiveness

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Efficiency

07-06-2005 Thredbo 910

Case Study - STCP

Results

2004

2001

19992000

1998

199719961995

1994

199319921991

2002

19881986

1985

1984

2003

1989

1983198219811980

1979

1977

1976

19751974 1973

1970

1971

19691968

1972

1966

1967

1965

1959

1961

1958

1957

1960

1956

1963

19641962

1949

1950

1951

1948

19521954

1953

1955

1947

1946

1978

1987

1990

0,50

0,60

0,70

0,80

0,90

1,00

0,40 0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90 1,00

Efficiency

Effectiveness

07-06-2005 Thredbo 911

Only major marks can be distinguished:

- Council management (50’s)

- Social benefits to workers (60’s)

- Political Events (70’s)

- Single Agent (80’s)

- Operational Leasing (90’s)

Case Study - STCP

Results

2004

2001

19992000

1998

199719961995

1994

199319921991

2002

19881986

1985

1984

2003

1989

1983198219811980

1979

1977

1976

19751974 1973

1970

1971

19691968

1972

1966

1967

1965

1959

1961

1958

1957

1960

1956

1963

19641962

1949

1950

1951

1948

19521954

1953

1955

1947

1946

1978

1987

1990

0,50

0,60

0,70

0,80

0,90

1,00

0,50 0,60 0,70 0,80 0,90 1,00

Efficiency

07-06-2005 Thredbo 912

Data precision and availability conditioned the results.

There are significant lags between management decisions and their effects

It’s not possible to evaluate the effect of every management decisions, only major decisions can be spotted.

Case Study - STCP

First Conclusions

07-06-2005 Thredbo 913

Case Study - STCP

DEA and Other Indicators

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

500000

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Pax/Veic

Short Term Capital Effectiveness

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

110000

120000

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Pax/Staff

Labour Effectiveness Ratio

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Effectiveness

DEA Effectiveness

07-06-2005 Thredbo 914

Case Study - STCP

DEA and Other Indicators

35000

40000

45000

50000

55000

60000

65000

70000

75000

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

VKm/Veic

Capital Productivity Ratio

400050006000700080009000

1000011000120001300014000150001600017000180001900020000

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

VKm/Staff

Labour Productivity Ratio

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Efficiency

DEA Efficiency

07-06-2005 Thredbo 915

Case Study - STCP

DEA and Other Indicators

5,0

6,0

7,0

8,0

9,0

10,0

11,0

1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001

Year

Pax/VKm

Production Effectiveness •Another type of indicator which gives other type of information relating both outputs considered in this case study.

•Production resources efficiency or effectiveness can not be evaluated with this ratio.

•Gives us information about production effectiveness relating passengers served and Vkm produced.

•Relates demand and offer

07-06-2005 Thredbo 916

Conclusions

Construction of an EEM can give a general view about the operator performance in terms of aggregate measures.

Analyzing an operator’s EEM together with its management history is useful for identifying effects of certain decisions in terms of company performance .

There’s a variable lag between a decision and its reflex on the performance.

07-06-2005 Thredbo 917

Conclusions

Considering production resources efficiency it’s equivalent to analyse capital productivity ratio and labour productivity ratio together.

Production resources effectiveness is equivalent to short term capital effectiveness together with labour effectiveness ratio.

It can not be proved that using EEM to evaluate public

transport operators performance is more trustful than using all performance indicators together, but it is easy to use and gives a fast view on general performance of the company.